| 1. |
- Johansson, Roger, et al.
(author)
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Looking at the keyboard or the monitor : relationship with text production processes
- 2010
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In: Reading and writing. - : Springer Netherlands. - 0922-4777 .- 1573-0905. ; 23:7, s. 835-851
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this paper we explored text production differences in an expository text production task between writers who looked mainly at the keyboard and writers who looked mainly at the monitor. Eye-tracking technology and keystroke-logging were combined to systematically describe and define these two groups in respect of the complex interplay between text production and the reading of one's own emerging text. Findings showed that monitor gazers typed significantly faster and were more productive writers. They also read their own text more, and they frequently read in parallel with writing. Analysis of fixation durations suggests that more cognitive processing is in use during reading in parallel with writing than during reading in pauses. Keyboard gazers used the left and right cursor keys significantly more. We suggest that this is because they revised their texts in a much more serial mode than monitor gazers. Finally, analysis of the characteristics of the final texts showed no differences between the groups.
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| 2. |
- Johansson, Roger, et al.
(author)
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Se upp och vinn tid!
- 2008
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In: Språktidningen. - Stockholm : Språktidningen i Sverige. - 1654-5028. ; :1, s. 20-21
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Journal article (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- Den som mest tittar på tangenterna skriver långsammare än den som tittar på skärmen. Har blickens riktning också effekt på textens kvalitet?Var tittar du när du skriver? På tangenterna eller på skärmen? Vissa skribenter tittar mest på tangentbordet och vissa tittar mest på skärmen, men nästan alla tittar på tangentbordet ibland. Frågan är om det spelar någon roll för hur texten blir i slutändan.Vår forskargrupp i Lund beslöt att undersöka saken. Vi lät 28 studenter (utan läs- och skrivsvårigheter) skriva en text i ett program som spelade in alla tangentnedslag som gjordes under skrivandet. Samtidigt registrerade vi vad studenterna tittade på med hjälp av en ögonrörelsemätare fäst på en cykelhjälm.En första analys visade att skribenterna kunde delas in i två grupper: en som mest tittade på skärmen och en som mest tittade på tangentbordet. Vi kallar den första gruppen för skärmtittare och den andra för tangentbordstittare.
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| 3. |
- Wengelin, Åsa, et al.
(author)
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Combined eyetracking and keystroke-logging methods for studying cognitive processes in text production
- 2009
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In: Behavior Research Methods. - New York : Springer-Verlag New York. - 1554-351X .- 1554-3528. ; 41:2, s. 337-351
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Writers typically spend a certain proportion of time looking back over the text that they have written. This is likely to serve a number of different functions, which are currently poorly understood. In this article, we present two systems, ScriptLog + TimeLine and EyeWrite, that adopt different and complementary approaches to exploring this activity by collecting and analyzing combined eye movement and keystroke data from writers composing extended texts. ScriptLog + TimeLine is a system that is based on an existing keystroke-logging program and uses heuristic, pattern-matching methods to identify reading episodes within eye movement data. EyeWrite is an integrated editor and analysis system that permits identification of the words that the writer fixates and their location within the developing text. We demonstrate how the methods instantiated within these systems can be used to make sense of the large amount of data generated by eyetracking and keystroke logging in order to inform understanding of the cognitive processes that underlie written text production.
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| 4. |
- Johansson, Elsie, 1952-, et al.
(author)
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Nurse’s consolation : A grounded theory study
- 2008
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In: Vård i Norden. - London : Sage Publications. - 0107-4083 .- 1890-4238. ; 28:2, s. 19-22
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- To date, consolation has not been clearly defined in nursing science. The purpose of this study was to identify the phenomenon of consolation from the perspective of practising nurses. Data from interviews with 21 nurses were analysed by means of the grounded theory approach. Consolation comprised supportive consolation, avoiding consolation, insufficient consolation and inaccessible consolation, which were integrated into the nurses’ professional approach and personal outlook. More basic research is required in order to illuminate the meaning of the phenomenon of consolation with focus on supportive consolation as well as the non-consolation phenomenon comprising the so-called avoiding, insufficient and inaccessible consolation. In order for nurses to be able to prescribe, carry out and evaluate consoling care which alleviates patient suffering, there is a need for further knowledge of what constitutes and does not constitute consolation.
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| 5. |
- Johansson, Åsa, et al.
(author)
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IL-10-deficient B10.Q mice develop more severe collagen-induced arthritis, but are protected from arthritis induced with anti-type II collagen antibodies
- 2001
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In: Journal of Immunology. - : The American Association of Immunologists. - 0022-1767 .- 1550-6606. ; 167:6, s. 3505-3512
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- IL-10 is a pleiotropic cytokine with stimulatory and inhibitory properties, and is thought to have a protective role in rheumatoid arthritis and collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). In this study, we investigated how IL-10 deficiency affects CIA and anti-collagen type II (CII) Ab-transferred arthritis in C57BL/10.Q (B10.Q) mice. The B10.Q.IL-10(-/-) mice had an 8-cM 129/Ola fragment around the IL-10 gene. The mice were treated with antibiotics, appeared healthy, and had no colitis. T cells from IL-10(-/-) mice expressed similar levels of IFN-gamma, IL-2, and IL-4 after mitogen stimulation; however, macrophages showed a reduced TNF-alpha production compared with IL-10(+/-) littermates. IL-10(-/-) mice had an increased incidence, and a more severe CIA disease than the IL-10(+/-) littermates. To study the role of IL-10 in T cell tolerance, IL-10(-/-) were crossed into mice carrying the immunodominant epitope, CII(256-270), in cartilage (MMC) or in skin (TSC). Both IL-10(-/-) and IL-10(+/-) MMC and TSC mice were completely tolerized against CIA, indicating that lack of IL-10 in this context did not break tolerance. To investigate whether IL-10 was important in the effector phase of CIA, arthritis was induced with anti-CII Abs. Surprisingly, IL-10(-/-) were less susceptible to Ab-transferred arthritis, as only 30% showed signs of disease compared with 90% of the littermates. Therefore, IL-10 seemed to have a protective role in CIA, but seemed to exacerbate the arthritogenicity of anti-CII Abs. These data emphasize the importance of studying IL-10 in a defined genetic context in vivo, to understand its role in a complex disease like arthritis.
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| 6. |
- Johansson, Åsa, et al.
(author)
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Secretory lysosome targeting and induced secretion of human soluble TNF-alpha receptor in murine hematopoietic cells in vivo as a principle for immunoregulation in inflammation and malignancy
- 2009
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In: Experimental Hematology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0301-472X .- 1873-2399. ; 37:8, s. 969-978
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Systemic administration of immunotherapeutics often gives rise to severe side effects. A local deposition, using secretory lysosomes of hematopoietic cells as vehicles for delivery, can overcome this problem. In the present study, the validity of this concept was investigated using retroviral transduction of the human soluble tumor necrosis factor-alpha receptor 1 (hsTNFR1) into murine bone marrow cells, followed by transfer of the genetically modified cells into irradiated mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Bone marrow cells from donor mice were transduced with retroviral vector containing cDNA for hsTNFR1, together with a transmembrane domain and a tyrosine-sorting signal in order to facilitate the endoplasmic reticulum export and to achieve secretory lysosome loading. Expression of hsTNFR1 in recipient mice was investigated using flow cytometry and Western blot. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, hsTNFR1, and murine TNFR1. RESULTS: Stable long-term expression of hsTNFR1 was achieved in transplanted mice. Hematopoietic cells, such as natural killer, T and B cells, and neutrophils contained hsTNFR1. Exposure of lipopolysaccaride (in vivo) or phorbole-myristrate esterase (in vitro) induced significant secretion of hsTNFR1. Release of endogeneous murine sTNFR1 did not differ between cells transduced with hsTNFR1 or an "empty" vector. CONCLUSION: Long-term expression in vivo and inducible secretion of hsTNFR1 in murine hematopoietic cells support the potential use of storage organelles in hematopoietic cells as vehicles for targeting inflamed/malignant sites with therapeutically active agents.
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| 7. |
- Lindgren, Eva-Carin, 1962-, et al.
(author)
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Empowerment-Based Physical Activity Intervention for People with Advanced Dry Age-Related Macular Degeneration : Mixed-Methods Protocol
- 2023
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In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. - Basel : MDPI. - 1661-7827 .- 1660-4601. ; 20:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the most common cause of incurable visual impairment and impacts daily life. These impacts include loss of social activities, decreased functional independence, and reduced physical activity. This protocol aims to describe a prospective, mixed-methodology for studying a population with AMD before, during, and after an empowerment-based physical activity intervention (EPI). A study framework was also developed for EPI. The intervention will include 20 older individuals (age 65+ years) with AMD recruited in Sweden. The intervention period is six months and comprises adapted physical activity and social activities in a group twice a week and individual health coaching on three occasions. The quantitative pre-test and three follow-ups include physical functional tests, an accelerometer that monitors physical activity continuously for one week, and questionnaires. Individual and focus-group interviews and ethnographic observations will explore the experience of living with AMD and what it means to participate in the EPI for individuals with AMD. The chosen methodology offers a structured way for researchers to explore the experiences and factors that may provide insights into the potential of creative supervised, adapted physical activity in groups, health coaching, and socialising that are significant to enable well-being among older individuals with AMD. © 2022 by the authors.
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| 8. |
- Lindqvist, Anna-Karin, et al.
(author)
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Backcross and partial advanced intercross analysis of nonobese diabetic gene-mediated effects on collagen-induced arthritis reveals an interactive effect by two major loci.
- 2006
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In: Journal of Immunology. - Rockville, MD : American Association of Immunologists. - 1550-6606 .- 0022-1767. ; 177:6, s. 3952-3959
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Genetic segregation analysis between NOD and C57BL strains have been used to identify loci associated with autoimmune disease. Only two loci (Cia2 and Cia9) had earlier been found to control development of arthritis, whereas none of the previously identified diabetes loci was of significance for arthritis. We have now made a high-powered analysis of a backcross of NOD genes on to the B10.Q strain for association with collagen-induced arthritis. We could confirm relevance of both Cia2 and Cia9 as well as the interaction between them, but we did not identify any other significant arthritis loci. Immune cellular subtyping revealed that Cia2 was also associated with the number of blood macrophages. Congenic strains of the Cia2 and Cia9 loci on the B10.Q background were made and used to establish a partial advanced intercross (PAI). Testing the PAI mice for development of collagen-induced arthritis confirmed the loci and the interactions and also indicated that at least two genes contribute to the Cia9 locus. Furthermore, it clearly showed that Cia2 is dominant protective but that the protection is not complete. Because these results may indicate that the Cia2 effect on arthritis is not only due to the deficiency of the complement C5, we analyzed complement functions in the Cia2 congenics as well as the PAI mice. These data show that not only arthritis but also C5-dependent complement activity is dominantly suppressed, confirming that C5 is one of the major genes explaining the Cia2 effect.
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| 9. |
- Svedberg, Petra, 1973-, et al.
(author)
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Psychometric evaluation of “The 25-item Sex after MI Knowledge Test” in a Swedish context
- 2012
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In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - Malden, USA : Wiley. - 0283-9318 .- 1471-6712. ; 26:1, s. 203-208
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The patients’ sexual life after a myocardial infarction is important for his/her quality of life. In spite of this, many patients are in doubt regarding their sex life after a myocardial infarction (MI) and the sexual information received, and counselling from health care providers has been seen to be insufficient. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of ‘The 25-item Sex after MI Knowledge Test’ in a Swedish context. A convenience sample was recruited. The scale was translated into Swedish and completed by 79 former patients from The Heart and Lung Patients’ National Association on two occasions, with an interval of 2 weeks. The scale was tested for face and content validity, internal consistency and test–retest reliability. The result in this study indicates that the instrument has good face and content validity and displayed a moderate internal consistency (alpha 0.61). The instrument showed some level of instability in test–retest reliability with 60% of the items presenting moderate or strong agreement between the test and retest. Further studies that use this instrument in larger and more diverse samples are thus needed.
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| 10. |
- Svensson, Lars, et al.
(author)
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IL-4-deficient mice develop less acute but more chronic relapsing collagen-induced arthritis
- 2002
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In: European Journal of Immunology. - Weinheim : Wiley-VCH Verlagsgesellschaft. - 0014-2980 .- 1521-4141. ; 32:10, s. 2944-2953
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Rheumatoid arthritis as well as collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) is thought to involve T cell autoimmunity of the Th1 type and the Th2 cytokine IL-4 has been proposed to play a suppressive role. To exclude a possible skewing role of the mycobacteria used in the complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) we induced CIA with type II collagen (CII) in incomplete Freund's adjuvant (IFA). Our results show that IL-4 deficiency leads to a lesser susceptibility to arthritis and lower B and T cell responses if induced with CII/IFA but not if induced with CII/CFA. In addition, IL-4-deficient mice were less susceptible to arthritis induced with monoclonal anti-CII antibodies. However, mice immunized with CII/IFA later developed a chronic relapsing disease, which was promoted by IL-4 deficiency. We conclude that IL-4 plays different roles depending on the type of adjuvant used and the phase (acute or chronic) of the clinical disease.
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