| 1. |
- Hagell, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Apomorphine formulation may influence subcutaneous complications from continuous subcutaneous apomorphine infusion in Parkinson's disease
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Neurology. - 0340-5354 .- 1432-1459. ; 267:11, s. 3411-3417
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Continuous subcutaneous (s.c.) apomorphine infusion is an effective therapy for Parkinson's disease (PD), but a limitation is the formation of troublesome s.c. nodules. Various chemically non-identical apomorphine formulations are available. Anecdotal experiences have suggested that shifting from one of these (Apo-Go PumpFill®; apoGPF) to another (Apomorphine PharmSwed®; apoPS) may influence the occurrence and severity of s.c. nodules. We, therefore, followed 15 people with advanced PD (median PD-duration, 15 years; median "off"-phase Hoehn and Yahr, IV) on apoGPF and with troublesome s.c. nodules who were switched to apoPS. Data were collected at baseline, at the time of switching, and at a median of 1, 2.5, and 7.3 months post-switch. Total nodule numbers (P < 0.001), size (P < 0.001), consistency (P < 0.001), skin changes (P = 0.058), and pain (P ≤ 0.032) improved over the observation period. PD severity and dyskinesias tended to improve and increase, respectively. Apomorphine doses were stable, but levodopa doses increased by 100 mg/day. Patient-reported apomorphine efficacy tended to increase and all participants remained on apoPS throughout the observation period; with the main patient-reported reason being improved nodules. These observations suggest that patients with s.c. nodules caused by apoGPF may benefit from switching to apoPS in terms of s.c. nodule occurrence and severity. Alternatively, observed benefits may have been due to the switch itself. As nodule formation is a limiting factor in apomorphine treatment, a controlled prospective study comparing local tolerance with different formulations is warranted.
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| 2. |
- Callaghan, Terry, et al.
(författare)
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Multi-Decadal Changes in Tundra Environments and Ecosystems : Synthesis of the International Polar Year-Back to the Future Project (IPY-BTF)
- 2011
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Ingår i: Ambio. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0044-7447 .- 1654-7209. ; 40:6, s. 705-716
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Understanding the responses of tundra systemsto global change has global implications. Most tundraregions lack sustained environmental monitoring and oneof the only ways to document multi-decadal change is toresample historic research sites. The International PolarYear (IPY) provided a unique opportunity for such researchthrough the Back to the Future (BTF) project (IPY project#512). This article synthesizes the results from 13 paperswithin this Ambio Special Issue. Abiotic changes includeglacial recession in the Altai Mountains, Russia; increasedsnow depth and hardness, permafrost warming, andincreased growing season length in sub-arctic Sweden;drying of ponds in Greenland; increased nutrient availabilityin Alaskan tundra ponds, and warming at mostlocations studied. Biotic changes ranged from relativelyminor plant community change at two sites in Greenland tomoderate change in the Yukon, and to dramatic increasesin shrub and tree density on Herschel Island, and in subarcticSweden. The population of geese tripled at one sitein northeast Greenland where biomass in non-grazed plotsdoubled. A model parameterized using results from a BTFstudy forecasts substantial declines in all snowbeds andincreases in shrub tundra on Niwot Ridge, Colorado overthe next century. In general, results support and provideimproved capacities for validating experimental manipulation,remote sensing, and modeling studies.
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| 3. |
- Lanke, E., et al.
(författare)
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Co-segregation of the PROS1 locus and protein S deficiency in families having no detectable mutations in PROS1
- 2004
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Ingår i: Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 1538-7933 .- 1538-7836. ; 2:11, s. 1918-1923
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Inherited deficiency of protein S constitutes an important risk factor of venous thrombosis. Many reports have demonstrated that causative mutations in the protein S gene are found only in approximately 50% of the cases with protein S deficiency. It is uncertain whether the protein S gene is causative in all cases of protein S deficiency or if other genes are involved in cases where no mutation is identified. The aim of the current study was to determine whether haplotypes of the protein S gene cosegregate with the disease phenotype in cases where no mutations have been found. Eight protein S-deficient families comprising 115 individuals where previous DNA sequencing had failed to detect any causative mutations were analyzed using four microsatellite markers in the protein S gene region. Co-segregation between microsatellite haplotypes and protein S deficiency was found in seven of the investigated families, one family being uninformative. This suggests that the causative genetic defects are located in or close to the protein S gene in a majority of such cases where no mutations have been found.
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| 4. |
- Klingberg-Allvin, Marie, et al.
(författare)
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One foot wet and one foot dry : transition into motherhood among married adolescent women in rural Vietnam
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Transcultural Nursing. - : Sage Publications. - 1043-6596 .- 1552-7832. ; 19:4, s. 338-346
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study explores married Vietnamese adolescents' perceptions and experiences related to transition into motherhood and their encounter with health care service. In-depth interviews were conducted with 22 women younger than 20 who were either pregnant or had newly delivered. It emerged from the narratives that young women experienced ambivalence in the transition to motherhood in that they felt too young but also happy to be able to please their husband and the extended family. Patterns were shown indicating that the participants experienced lacking power with regard to decisions in relation to pregnancy, delivery, and contraceptive usage. Feelings of being patronized and ignored in the encounter with health care providers were seen in the narratives. Findings might be used for reproductive health care providers, social workers, and educators in their contact with young mothers to empower them to make their own decisions with regard to marriage, childbearing, and contraception.
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| 5. |
- Lanke, E., et al.
(författare)
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Genetic analysis of 31 Swedish type 1 von Willebrand disease families reveals incomplete linkage to the von Willebrand factor gene and a high frequency of a certain disease haplotype
- 2005
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Ingår i: Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 1538-7933 .- 1538-7836. ; 3:12, s. 2656-2663
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The most common type of von Willebrand disease (VWD), type 1, has in only a few cases been explained by an identified causative mutation in the von Willebrand factor (VWF) gene. The ABO blood group and other modifier loci outside the VWF gene may contribute to the development of type 1 VWD. OBJECTIVES AND METHODS: Our aim was to determine whether there was genetic linkage to the VWF gene in 31 Swedish type 1 VWD families. Stringent diagnostic criteria in accordance with ISTH guidelines were used. Genetic linkage was investigated by using two highly informative dinucleotide microsatellite markers, which we have recently identified, located in introns six and 15 of the VWF gene. We also investigated the existence of common disease haplotypes and the relation between type 1 VWD and ABO blood group. RESULTS: We found genetic linkage to the VWF gene in 27 (87%) of the families. However, in four (13%) of the families, there was clearly no genetic linkage. We found the 4751A>G (Tyr1584Cys) sequence variation in exon 28, which is a common mutation in the Canadian VWD population (14.3%), in only one of the 31 families (3.2%). A possible common mutation was identified in six of the 27 (22%) families with genetic linkage. Blood group O was over-represented among type 1 VWD patients. CONCLUSION: We conclude that there is linkage between the VWF gene and hereditary type 1 VWD in a majority of families.
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| 6. |
- Gustafsson, Susanne, et al.
(författare)
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Long-term outcome for ADL following the health-promoting RCT-Elderly persons in the risk zone
- 2013
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Ingår i: The Gerontologist. - : Oxford University Press. - 0016-9013 .- 1758-5341. ; 53:4, s. 654-663
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To examine independence in activities of daily living (ADL) at the 1- and 2-year followups of the health-promoting study Elderly Persons in the Risk Zone. Design and Method: A randomized, three-armed, single-blind, and controlled study. A representative sample of 459 independent and community-dwelling older adults, 80 years and older, were included. A preventive home visit was compared with four weekly multiprofessional senior group meetings including a follow-up home visit. Results: Analysis showed a significant difference in favor of the senior meetings in postponing dependence in ADL at the 1-year follow-up (odds ratio [OR] = 1.92, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.19-3.10) and also in reducing dependence in three (OR = 0.52, 95% CI = 0.31-0.86) and four or more ADL (OR = 0.40, 95% CI = 0.22-0.72) at the 2-year follow-up. A preventive home visit reduced dependence in two (OR = 0.40, 95% CI = 0.24-0.68) and three or more ADL (OR = 0.37, 95% CI = 0.17-0.80) after 1 year. Implications: A long-term evaluation of Elderly Persons in the Risk Zone showed that both senior meetings and a preventive home visit reduced the extent of dependence in ADL after 1 year. The senior meetings were superior to a preventive home visit since additional significant effects were seen after 2 years. To further enhance the long-term effects of the senior meetings and support the process of self-change in health behavior, it is suggested that booster sessions might be a good way of reinforcing the intervention.
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| 7. |
- Halling, A, et al.
(författare)
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Comparison between the Klemetti index and heel DXA BMD measurements in the diagnosis of reduced skeletal bone mineral density in the elderly
- 2005
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Ingår i: Osteoporosis International. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1433-2965 .- 0937-941X. ; 16:8, s. 999-1003
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Osteopenia/osteoporosis affect many elderly people and might not be detected until symptoms of fractures occur. Early detection of osteopenia/osteoporosis is important and would allow preventive measures and treatment. Access to screening for osteopenia/osteoporosis is often limited, whereas panoramic radiography is commonly used in dentistry. The aim of this study was to determine the validity of the Klemetti index (KI), measured on panoramic radiographs, in the diagnosis of osteopenia/osteoporosis as defined by a bone mineral density (BMD) measurement below) 1.5 standard deviations (SDs) of a community based sample. In total, 211 consecutive participants ( 102 men and 109 women) 60 - 96 years in the SNAC-Blekinge study ( Swedish National Study on Ageing and Care) underwent bone densitometry [ by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA)] of both heels. A panoramic radiograph was taken of each participant, and mandibular cortex on a panoramic radiograph was classified as '0' or normal ( even and sharp endosteal margin), '1', moderately eroded ( evidence of lacunar resorption or endosteal cortical residues), or '2', severely eroded ( unequivocal porosity). From logistic regression, the odds ratio of having a BMD measurement below -1.5 SD was 8.04 (95% CI 2.39 to 27.12, P< 0.001) in the 'osteopenic' (KI category 2), compared with the 'normal' group ( KI categories 0 and 1). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to measure the validity of the KI indicating osteopenia ( KI category 2) in predicting reduced BMD. This point provided a sensitivity of 50% and a specificity of 89%. Positive and negative predictive values were 21% and 97%, respectively. There were 87% correctly classified subjects. The area under the ROC curve was 0.64. The present study demonstrated that a negative finding ( KI category < 2) is highly predictive of the absence of osteopenia/osteoporosis as defined by the DXA measurements.
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| 8. |
- Hansen, Michael A., et al.
(författare)
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Asking About “Prostitution”, “Sex Work” and “Transactional Sex” : Question Wording and Attitudes Toward Trading Sexual Services
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Sex Research. - : Taylor and Francis Ltd.. - 0022-4499 .- 1559-8519. ; , s. 12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study explored the impact of question wording on attitudes toward trading sexual services. There are no previous research agendas investigating how views on the trade in sex are susceptible to question word choice. We utilized an original survey to assess how three different concepts used to represent the exchange of sexual services impact on the reported level of acceptability among respondents. The concepts we selected were “prostitution,” “sex work”, and “transactional sex.” We also explored the contrasting effects of predictor variables based on question wording, such as general sexual attitudes and positive and negative associations with trading sex. We found that attitudes toward the trading of sex is partially a function of question wording. Respondents were more likely to translate negative associations with the exchange of sexual services into unacceptability when assigned a question using the term prostitution. The results indicated that prostitution is a stigmatized word, resonating more negatively with respondents as compared to sex work or transactional sex. When asked about transactional sex, respondents were less likely to translate an attitude into an assessment on acceptability, indicating that the term is vague. Sex work elicited more neutral responses on acceptability. The results suggest that sex work would be the most useful term to use in dialogue and debate regarding the trade in sexual services. Sex work does not appear to be imbued with the same sense of negativity as prostitution and the meaning of sex work seems clearer than transactional sex.
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| 9. |
- Hansen, Michael A., et al.
(författare)
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Predicting Attitudes Towards Transactional Sex : The Interactive Relationship Between Gender and Attitudes on Sexual Behaviour
- 2022
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Ingår i: Sexuality Research and Social Policy. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1868-9884 .- 1553-6610. ; :19, s. 91-104
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: This article explores explanations for attitudes towards the acceptability of transactional sex. The sparse research investigating attitudes towards transactional sex uncovers a link between gender equality, or feminism, and a lack of support for the trade in sex. However, there are no research agendas that attempt to explain variance in attitudes towards transactional sex where support for gender equality is widespread throughout a population. Methods: We estimate regression models utilizing the 2017 Danish Values Survey (Den Danske Værdiundersøgelse) in order to predict views on the acceptability of transactional sex. Results: While the trade in sex is legal in Denmark, we find that a majority of respondents hold negative attitudes towards transactional sex, which conveys a lack of congruence between public opinion and policy. Further, gender is a powerful predictor of attitudes towards transactional sex, with women finding it less acceptable. In addition, the analysis uncovers that general attitudes towards sexual behaviour are the largest predictor of views on the acceptability of transactional sex. That being said, we find that men’s views on the acceptability of transactional sex are more of a function of their general attitudes towards sexual behaviour than they are for women. Conclusions: The findings indicate that, unlike men, women appear to differentiate between their attitudes towards general sexual behaviour and their views on sexual behaviour that they may associate with negative societal implications.
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| 10. |
- Hansen, Michael A., et al.
(författare)
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The Partisan Impact on Local Government Dissemination of COVID-19 Information : Assessing U.S. County Government Websites
- 2021
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Ingår i: Canadian Journal of Political Science. - : Cambridge University Press. - 0008-4239 .- 1744-9324. ; 54:1, s. 150-162
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study explores the relationship between local government dissemination of COVID-19 information and partisanship. The unit of analysis is all official county government websites in the United States. In particular, we investigate if there is a correlation between the overall partisanship of a county and whether a county government's website 1) mentions COVID-19, and 2) provides safety instructions concerning COVID-19. We hypothesize that mass partisanship will impact the probability that a county government's website provides information related to the coronavirus. We find that a larger share of Democratic voters in a county is associated with an increase in the probability that a county government's website mentions COVID-19 and provides safety instructions for their residents. The results hold even after controlling for population density, internet subscriptions, and COVID-19 cases and deaths. The finding indicates that citizens' access to information, even on matters of public health, are partially a consequence of partisanship.
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