| 1. |
- Andersson, Anna, 1974-
(författare)
-
A framework supporting the collaboration between the logistics- and the product development process
- 2007
-
Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In the competitive environment of today’s global markets, the demands of customers are increasing. They expect to get the best product at the lowest price with immediate availability. Logistics, including transportation, inventory maintenance, order processing, purchasing, warehousing, materials handling, packaging, customer service standards, and product scheduling must continuously be developed to meet the challenges of the market. The globalization, with longer distances to customers and suppliers, and the progressing trend of outsourcing are examples of why the importance of logistics has increased over the last few years.A considerable part of the final product cost is frozen during the early product development phases. In the early phases of the product development process, the cost of making design changes is low compared to making changes later in the product development process. The product development decisions made in the early phases of the product development process have considerable impact on future manufacturing and logistics activities as well.The objective of this research project is to develop a framework supporting the collaboration between the logistics- and the product development process. To do this, it has been essential to analyze which parameters influence the efficiency of the logistics process and the interface between the logistics- and the product development process. Also, to investigate how the logistics department can be integrated earlier in the product development process has been of interest. This has been done through both a theoretical review and also through a number of case studies.The result and conclusion of this project is a framework that gives support for what to focus on, how to collaborate, in which phases collaboration is meaningful, and which persons need to be involved in the different product development phases. Working as the framework suggests will, hopefully, give closer collaboration between the logistics- and the product development process than without this supportive framework. The expectation of the collaboration is an earlier integration of the logistics department in the product development process and through this influence and increase the efficiency of the logistics process.
|
|
| 2. |
- Christensson, Kyllike, et al.
(författare)
-
The Challenge of Improving Perinatal Care in settings with Limited Resources : Observations of Midwifery Practices in Mozambique
- 2006
-
Ingår i: African Journal of Reproductive Health. - Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria : Women's Health and Action Research Centre. - 1118-4841. ; 10:1, s. 47-61
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to observe and analyze midwifery care routine related to asphyxia and hypothermia during the perinatal period and to investigate the effect of an in-service education program. A direct non-participant pre-and post intervention observation study of midwifery a performance during childbirth was conducted at a labour ward in Maputo. The observed groups consisted of 702 and 616 midwifery –attended deliveries. Examination was also conducted of the partographs (702 vs. 616). The quality of midwifery care related to prevention and early detection of asphyxia and hypothermia was found to be inadequate and the intervention had no significant effect upon the midwives' performances. This could be attributed to the quality of the intervention itself or to failure of implementing managerial decisions such as transfer to partograph documentation from obstetricians to midwives. Change in professional performance does not automatically follow awareness of evidence-based midwifery practices, but requires behavioural change, which may be more difficult to achieve.
|
|
| 3. |
- Ehrström, Monica, 1970-
(författare)
-
Uppmärksamhet för bedömning : att följa varje barns lärprocesser för en likvärdig utbildning i förskolan
- 2023
-
Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The purpose of this study was to contribute with knowledge about the tension between preschool teachers' mission to teach and support children's learning on the one hand and the mission to assess children's learning processes on the other hand, in relation to equality in education. In Swedish preschools, children with different experiences meet, all of whom should have the opportunity to develop and learn based on their varied circumstances and needs. According to the Education Act (SFS, 2010:800), preschool education must be equal, and all children must have the opportunity to learn and develop as far as possible based on their potential. However, previous research (Alasuutari, Vallberg Roth & Markström, 2014) indicates that assessment involves risks for children’s identity creation. This study examines how seven preschool teachers tackle the challenge of assessing and paying attention to individual children in their ongoing learning processes. A sociocultural perspective (Vygotskij, 1978) has been used to study preschool teachers' reasoning about assessment in relation to each child's possibilities for being supported in their proximal development zone. The sociocultural perspective stresses the importance of cultural tools for communication. Stimulated-recall interviews were conducted with seven preschool teachers in Sweden. Content analysis was used to reveal the views that emerged in preschool teachers’ descriptions.In the preschool teachers' reasoning, different strategies for assessment and methods for making the child's learning processes visible as well as approaches for following the progression in children's learning processes have emerged, which can create both opportunities and limitations for children to learn based on their potential. Findings indicate three areas significant for assessment in relation to an equivalent education in this study. Firstly, there is clarity regarding the approach to assessment, what is to be given attention and assessed and how the assessment should be carried out. Secondly, the preschool teachers in the study have knowledge about various methods to make children's learning processes visible and thus possible to follow over time. Thirdly, the preschool teachers in the study know how to draw attention to and make visible the child's learning from a holistic perspective. The Licentiate thesis highlights different strategies for assessment, methods for making the child's learning processes visible and approaches for following the progression in children's learning processes that emerged during the preschool teachers' reasoning. The study has shown that attentiveness (Elbaz, 1992) can be used as a concept to bridge the tension surrounding assessment.
|
|
| 4. |
- Haile, Sara, et al.
(författare)
-
Increasing patients’ awareness of their own health : Experiences of participating in follow-up programs after surgical treatment for intermittent claudication
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Journal of Vascular Nursing. - : Elsevier BV. - 1062-0303 .- 1532-6578. ; 40:1, s. 47-53
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Claudication is the most usual symptom of peripheral artery disease, it is described as painful contractions in the leg when walking and alleviated upon resting. People with claudication have an added risk of cardiocerebrovascular events, amputation, and death. Adherence to medical treatment and changes in lifestyles can lower this risk, but this secondary prevention therapy requires engagement, participation, and adherence from the patient.Objective: To explore patients’ experiences of participating in a 1-year multicentre clinical trial with two follow-up programs evaluating a nurse-led, patient-centered health-promoting programme after surgical treatment for claudication, the FASTIC study.Methods: A descriptive design with qualitative semi-structured interviews was used among participants in the FASTIC study. The study was conducted at two centres for vascular surgery in the city of Stockholm, Sweden. In all, 17 patients (nine men and eight women) who had completed the FASTIC study participated. Data was analysed using qualitative content analysis with an inductive approach.Results: Two main categories were identified, ‘Patient-Professional collaboration’ and ‘Experience of one´s health’, which were associated with four subcategories: facing opportunities and obstacles, cooperating based on the illness experience, increasing awareness of one's own health, and maintaining a healthy lifestyle.Conclusions: Patients' participation in follow-up programs after surgical treatment for claudication is highly valuable for an increased awareness of one's own health. A person-centered care with patient-professional collaboration is experienced as important for maintaining a health-promoting lifestyle.
|
|
| 5. |
- Haile, Sara T., et al.
(författare)
-
Effects of a person-centred, nurse-led follow-up programme on adherence to prescribed medication among patients surgically treated for intermittent claudication : randomized clinical trial
- 2022
-
Ingår i: British Journal of Surgery. - : OXFORD UNIV PRESS. - 0007-1323 .- 1365-2168. ; 109:9, s. 846-856
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Management of intermittent claudication should include secondary prevention to reduce the risk of cardiocerebrovascular disease. Patient adherence to secondary prevention is a challenge. The aim of this study was to investigate whether a person-centred, nurse-led follow-up programme could improve adherence to medication compared with standard care. Methods A non-blinded RCT was conducted at two vascular surgery centres in Sweden. Patients with intermittent claudication and scheduled for revascularization were randomized to the intervention or control (standard care) follow-up programme. The primary outcome, adherence to prescribed secondary preventive medication, was based on registry data on dispensed medication and self-reported intake of medication. Secondary outcomes were risk factors for cardiocerebrovascular disease according to the Framingham risk score. Results Some 214 patients were randomized and analysed on an intention-to-treat basis. The mean proportion of days covered (PDC) at 1 year for lipid-modifying agents was 79 per cent in the intervention and 82 per cent in the control group, whereas it was 92 versus 91 per cent for antiplatelet and/or anticoagulant agents. The groups did not differ in mean PDC (lipid-modifying P = 0.464; antiplatelets and/or anticoagulants P = 0.700) or in change in adherence over time. Self-reported adherence to prescribed medication was higher than registry-based adherence regardless of allocation or medication group (minimum P < 0.001, maximum P = 0.034). There was no difference in median Framingham risk score at 1 year between the groups. Conclusion Compared with the standard follow-up programme, a person-centred, nurse-led follow-up programme did not improve adherence to secondary preventive medication. Adherence was overestimated when self-reported compared with registry-reported. Management of intermittent claudication should include secondary prevention to reduce the risk of cardiocerebrovascular disease. This RCT aimed to investigate whether a person-centred, nurse-led follow-up programme, compared with standard care, after surgery could increase adherence to lipid-modifying and antiplatelet/anticoagulant agents. The results showed no difference between the intervention and standard follow-up programme on terms of patients' adherence to secondary preventive medication.
|
|
| 6. |
- Haile, Sara T, et al.
(författare)
-
Patient related outcomes after receiving a person centred nurse led follow up programme among patients undergoing revascularisation for intermittent claudication : A secondary analysis of a randomised clinical trial
- 2023
-
Ingår i: European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery. - 1078-5884 .- 1532-2165. ; 66:3, s. 371-379
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: The aim was to evaluate the effect of a person centred nurse led follow up programme on health related quality of life (HRQoL), health literacy, and general self efficacy compared with standard care for patients undergoing revascularisation for intermittent claudication (IC), and to describe factors associated with HRQoL one year after revascularisation.METHODS: This was a secondary analysis of a randomised controlled trial. Patients with IC scheduled for revascularisation at two vascular surgery centres in Sweden between 2016 and 2018 were randomised to intervention or control. During the first year after surgery, the intervention group received a person centred follow up programme with three visits and two telephone calls with a vascular nurse, while the control group received standard follow up with two visits to a vascular surgeon or vascular nurse. Outcomes were HRQoL measured by VascuQol-6, health literacy, and general self efficacy measured by validated questionnaires.RESULTS: Overall, 214 patients were included in the trial; this secondary analysis comprised 183 patients who completed the questionnaires. One year after revascularisation, HRQoL had improved with a mean increase in VascuQol-6 of 7.0 scale steps (95% CI 5.9 - 8.0) for the intervention and 6.0 scale steps (95% CI 4.9 - 7.0) for the control group; the difference between the groups was not significant (p = .18). In an adjusted regression analysis, the intervention was associated with higher VascuQoL-6 (2.0 scale steps, 95% CI 0.08 - 3.93). There was no significant difference between the groups regarding health literacy or general self efficacy. The prevalence of insufficient health literacy among all participants was 38.7% (46/119) at baseline and 43.2% (51/118) at one year.CONCLUSION: In this study, a person centred, nurse led follow up programme had no significant impact on HRQoL, health literacy, or general self efficacy among patients undergoing revascularisation for IC. The prevalence of insufficient health literacy was high and should be addressed by healthcare givers and researchers.
|
|
| 7. |
- Insulander, Eva, et al.
(författare)
-
Recognition and assessment of entrepreneurship skills within educational, industrial and cultural sector – Outlines for a comparative case study
- 2013
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Entrepreneurship and innovation has gained an increased focus in Sweden, as well as in the rest of the European Union, during the last decades. Entrepreneurship is listed as one of eight key competences for lifelong learning (EU-Parliament, 2006) and in 2012 the Swedish government released “the Swedish Innovation Strategy” as a key strategy for Sweden to remain a strong economy (Government Offices of Sweden, 2012). An important part of this strategy entrepreneurial learning and entrepreneurship have been included in the Swedish national school curriculum (Skolverket, 2011), making it mandatory for all Swedish elementary and secondary schools to prepare the young for their future as an entrepreneurial work force. The language of entrepreneurial learning is adopted from the industrial sector where skills such as, for example creativity are emphasized, in order to make it possible to bring new ideas and products out on expanding and globalized markets. Entrepreneurship has also been introduced to the cultural sector in Sweden, through a governmental initiative in 2009. The term has emphasized the need of museums to become economically self-sufficient without loosing their traditional role. Cultural entrepreneurship is, just as theoretical ideas about learning, nowadays central to many museums. The current development give rise to questions of how meaning is attributed to entrepreneurship, as it is introduced in new and dispersed institutional contexts.The aim of this paper is to present and discuss a forthcoming comparative case study on how entrepreneurship is enacted in three different sectors; educational, industrial and cultural sectors. The study investigates how knowledge and competence associated with entrepreneurship is recognized by the participants and how this approach contributes to the design of learning environments. By doing cross-sectorial comparisons the objective of the study is to provide perspectives on entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial learning in school.The following sets of research questions have been established to meet the objectives of the study:How do the representatives from different sectors define entrepreneurship? How is it defined in local policy documents?How do different sectors design for entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial learning?What is recognized as entrepreneurial knowledge and skills?How does, what is recognized as entrepreneurship in the school context, change the very understanding of education?Institution-theory is used as a theoretical perspective to examine how entrepreneurship is being recognized and evaluated in different learning settings. What counts as meaningful and what is recognized as valuable knowledge is always dependent on the social framing. Institutions, such as schools, workplaces and museums, are guided by rules, routines and conventions which regulate the agency of the participants. The institutional frame implies that certain actions and ways of regarding knowledge become normative. The notion of institution entails the idea that individuals are part of a collective set of regulations that has been shaped over time (Douglas, 1986, Berger & Luckman 1966/1991, Searl 1995). What has been selected and considered relevant and valuable knowledge in a certain context, is depending on the cultures of recognition that has been established (Selander & Kress, 2010). The project is designed as a comparative case study with an ethnographic oriented approach. A total of three cases are selected, one from each sector. Data will be derived from document studies, observations and interviews with participants from the different contexts, and used as a basis for comparison. There will be a strategic selection of participating contexts, in the sense that our aim is to study settings that are considered to be in the fore front when it comes to realizing a vision of entrepreneurship. Part A, Educational, will be conducted in a compulsory school, Part B, Industrial, will be conducted in an organization with proven experience of developing entrepreneurial skills. Part C, Cultural, will be conducted in a museum that has a clear focus on entrepreneurship and is driven primarily by commercial objectives.A review of earlier research has shown that the notion of entrepreneurship, as used in education, appear to be insufficiently theorized. The study will contribute to didactic research by examining how meaning is attributed to a specific knowledge area (entrepreneurship) and how different assessment practices are shaped and articulated in different settings. Earlier research has primarily been conducted within each sector while this study takes a wider, institutional perspective. An expected outcome of the project is that it will provide a critical perspective on entrepreneurial learning as a concept. We will in addition to this also be able to discuss what impact entrepreneurial ideas have for the very understanding of what education in schools is.
|
|
| 8. |
- Johansson, Janet, et al.
(författare)
-
Gendering the digitalized metal industry
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Gender, Work and Organization. - : WILEY. - 0968-6673 .- 1468-0432. ; 27:6, s. 1321-1345
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- With an empirical investigation of the Swedish metal industry, this study explores the gendering of metalwork in the context of digitalization. Adopting Butlers notions of gender performativity, and taking a broad feminist perspective, our analysis renders the following findings: first, inequality in the workplace between normative masculine and feminine characteristics is still present in the metal industry. The dominant exploitative expectations of masculine physical strength are gradually being replaced by the persistent masculine association with technology. Both men and women contribute to the confirmation and strengthening of this new masculine attribute. Second, women, through the construction of their sense of self as competent digital steelworkers, take on a vital role in re-formulating the gender script of the digitalized metal industry. By enacting stereotypical feminine aesthetic gestures, using housewifely metaphors parodying masculine discourses, and through deliberately connecting feminine attributes with competences and strengths in technology, female operators subvert the ideal image of a metalworker and disrupt the persistent myth of femininity as being incompatible with technology.
|
|
| 9. |
|
|
| 10. |
- Nohlert, Eva, et al.
(författare)
-
Comparison of a high and a low intensity smoking cessation intervention in a dentistry setting in Sweden : a randomized trial
- 2009
-
Ingår i: BMC Public Health. - Stockholm : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1471-2458. ; 9
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundTobacco is still the number one life style risk factor for ill health and premature death and also one of the major contributors to oral problems and diseases. Dentistry may be a potential setting for several aspects of clinical public health interventions and there is a growing interest in several countries to develop tobacco cessation support in dentistry setting. The aim of the present study was to assess the relative effectiveness of a high intensity intervention compared with a low intensity intervention for smoking cessation support in a dental clinic setting.Methods300 smokers attending dental or general health care were randomly assigned to two arms and referred to the local dental clinic for smoking cessation support. One arm received support with low intensity treatment (LIT), whereas the other group was assigned to high intensity treatment (HIT) support. The main outcome measures included self-reported point prevalence and continuous abstinence (≥ 183 days) at the 12-month follow-up.ResultsFollow-up questionnaires were returned from 86% of the participants. People in the HIT-arm were twice as likely to report continuous abstinence compared with the LIT-arm (18% vs. 9%, p = 0.02). There was a difference (not significant) between the arms in point prevalence abstinence in favour of the HIT-protocol (23% vs. 16%). However, point prevalence cessation rates in the LIT-arm reporting additional support were relatively high (23%) compared with available data assessing abstinence in smokers trying to quit without professional support.ConclusionScreening for willingness to quit smoking within the health care system and offering smoking cessation support within dentistry may be an effective model for smoking cessation support in Sweden. The LIT approach is less expensive and time consuming and may be appropriate as a first treatment option, but should be integrated with other forms of available support in the community. The more extensive and expensive HIT-protocol should be offered to those who are unable to quit with the LIT approach in combination with other support.
|
|
