| 1. |
- Bernberg, Evelina, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of social isolation and environmental enrichment on atherosclerosis in ApoE-/- mice
- 2008
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Ingår i: Stress. - 1607-8888 .- 1025-3890. ; 11:5, s. 381-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Social support and a stimulating environment have been suggested to reduce stress reactions and cardiovascular risk. The aim of this study was to assess the role of environmental enrichment and social interaction for development of atherosclerosis in atherosclerosis prone mice. Male ApoE-/- mice were divided into four groups and followed during 20 weeks: (i) enriched environment (E, n=12), (ii) deprived environment (ED, n=12), (iii) enriched environment with exercise (E-Ex, n=12) and (iv) socially deprived by individual housing (SD, n=10). Plasma lipid and cytokine concentrations were measured. Atherosclerosis was quantified in cross-sections of innominate artery and en face in thoracic aorta. Plaque area was significantly increased in SD mice in the innominate artery (P<0.05 vs. all other groups), but not in the thoracic aorta. Plasma lipids were increased in SD mice (P<0.001 vs. all for total cholesterol, P<0.05 vs. E and P<0.01 vs. ED for triglycerides). Plasma concentration of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) was decreased in SD mice compared to E mice (P<0.05). Thus, social isolation increased atherosclerosis and plasma lipids in ApoE-/- mice. Reduction in plasma G-CSF levels may hamper endothelial regeneration in the atherosclerotic process. While environmental enrichment did not affect atherosclerosis, social isolation accelerated atherosclerosis.
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| 2. |
- Bernberg, Evelina, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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Repeated exposure to stressors do not accelerate atherosclerosis in ApoE-/- mice
- 2009
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Ingår i: Atherosclerosis. - : Elsevier BV. - 0021-9150 .- 1879-1484. ; 204:1, s. 90-95
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Psychosocial stress is suggested to play a significant role in development of cardiovascular disease. To evaluate the effects of repeated exposure to stress on atherosclerosis in atherosclerosis-prone ApoE(-/-) mice we used five different stressors. We further sought to determine whether stress combined with high salt diet induces dysfunctional neurohormonal regulation and impaired salt excretion, thus amplifying the atherogenic potential of salt. The five stressors were evaluated in male C57BL/6 mice and ApoE(-/-) mice (studies I and II) and then used in female ApoE(-/-) mice to study their effect on atherosclerosis (study III). The mice in study III received standard or high salt diet (8%) alone or in combination with stress for 12 weeks. Urine and plasma were collected for corticosterone and lipid analysis, respectively. Acute blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) responses to stress were measured using telemetry. Plaque burden was assessed in the thoracic aorta and aortic root. Plaque morphology was investigated regarding macrophages and collagen content. Urinary corticosterone chronically increased in stressed mice (P<0.05 control vs. stress, P<0.05 control salt vs. stress salt). BP and HR increased acutely during all stressors (P<0.05). Body weight gain decreased significantly in the stress group (P<0.05 vs. control). However, stress did not alter plasma lipid levels, plaque area or plaque morphology. Increased BP and HR suggest an acute stress-related response in ApoE(-/-) mice. Furthermore, stress chronically decreased body weight gain and increased urinary corticosterone levels. Notably, despite an apparent stress effect, stress affected neither atherogenesis nor plaque morphology.
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| 3. |
- Bernberg, Evelina, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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Social disruption stress increases IL-6 levels and accelerates atherosclerosis in ApoE-/- mice.
- 2012
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Ingår i: Atherosclerosis. - : Elsevier BV. - 0021-9150 .- 1879-1484. ; 221:2, s. 359-65
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have previously shown that different forms of stress have distinctive effects on atherogenesis in mice. We showed that social stress increase atherosclerosis in ApoE(-/-) mice, while more physical forms of stress do not. Here we evaluated the effect of social disruption (SDR) stress on atherogenesis and evaluated cytokine release after SDR-stress and five more physical stressors.
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| 4. |
- Blom, Lisa Karlsson, 1982, et al.
(författare)
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Tiggarnas liv fyllt av övergrepp
- 2014
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Ingår i: Göteborgs-Posten. - 1103-9345. ; :19 mars
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 5. |
- Bruno, Linnéa, et al.
(författare)
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Samverkan och solidaritet i nya former
- 2021
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Ingår i: Tidskrift för Genusvetenskap. - : Ämnesföreningen för genusvetenskap (ÄG). - 1654-5443 .- 2001-1377. ; 42:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Carlsson, Vanja, 1985, et al.
(författare)
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“It is controlling, but you don’t really care.” : Researchers’ perceptions of legitimation of research policy
- 2024
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Ingår i: Science and Public Policy. - : Oxford University Press. - 0302-3427 .- 1471-5430.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Starting from the tension between scientific autonomy and state governing in research policy, the aim of this article is to examine how researchers who apply for funding in Sweden perceive the legitimate grounds for a new research policy in which sex and gender perspectives are integrated as criteria in assessing scientific quality. Our results show that researcher’s perception of themselves, and of the purpose of research, is compatible with dominant ideals in contemporary academic landscape, where knowledge is treated as a deliverable to external stakeholders or to meet politically formulated goals. However, according to researchers, the legitimate sources of policy influence originate from their own profession or the common interest of the people, explicitly expressed by citizens. Researchers are questioning, and find strategies to avoid, top-down state governing.
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| 9. |
- Carrara, Elena, et al.
(författare)
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ESCMID guidelines on testing for SARS-CoV-2 in asymptomatic individuals to prevent transmission in the health care setting
- 2022
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Ingår i: Clinical Microbiology and Infection. - : Elsevier. - 1198-743X .- 1469-0691. ; 28:5, s. 672-680
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Scope: This guideline addresses the indications for direct testing of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in asymptomatic individuals in health care facilities, with the aim to prevent SARS-CoV-2 transmissions in these settings. The benefit of testing asymptomatic individuals to create a safe environment for patients and health care workers must be weighed against potential unintended consequences, including delaying necessary treatments owing to false positive results and lower quality of care owing to strict isolation measures.Methods: A total of nine PICOs (population, intervention, comparison, outcome) on the topic of testing asymptomatic individuals was selected by the panel members. Subsequently, a literature search for existing guidelines and systematic reviews was performed on PubMed, Epistemonikos, and RecMap using relevant filters available in each database. Data on article/recommendation type, setting, target population, intervention, and quality of the evidence were extracted. Credibility of the systematic reviews was evaluated using the AMSTAR tool, and level of agreement with available recommendation was evaluated with the AGREE II score. Because the evidence available from systematic reviews was deemed insufficiently updated to formulate relevant recommendations, an additional search targeting relevant guidance documents from major public health institutions and original studies was performed. Provisional recommendations were discussed via web conferences until agreement was reached, and final recommendations were formulated according to the GRADE approach.Recommendations: Recommendations were formulated regarding systematic testing in asymptomatic individuals upon admission to a health care setting, during hospital stay, before elective procedures, and before scheduled nonsurgical procedures. Moreover, recommendations regarding testing of asymptomatic visitors, personal caregivers, and health care workers in health care facilities were presented. Recommendations also were given on contact tracing in asymptomatic patients or health care workers and the possibility of a negative screening test to shorten the quarantine period. Furthermore, if applicable, recommendations were specified to transmission rate and vaccination coverage.
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| 10. |
- Carvalho-Queiroz, Claudia, et al.
(författare)
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Associations between EBV and CMV Seropositivity, Early Exposures, and Gut Microbiota in a Prospective Birth Cohort : A 10-Year Follow-up
- 2016
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Pediatrics. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 2296-2360. ; 4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Early-life infections with persistent Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and cytomegalovirus (CMV) are delayed in affluent countries, probably due to alterations in early environmental exposures, such as maternal age, siblings, and day-care attendance. We have previously reported that the timing of EBV and CMV contraction is related both to allergic sensitization and changes in functional competence of immune cells, while the presence/absence of lactobacilli [Lactobacillus (L.) casei, L. paracasei, and L. rhamnosus] or Staphylococcus (S.) aureus in feces is related to the risk for allergy. Here, we used the same prospective longitudinal birth cohort of children to investigate early-life environmental exposures and their influence on EBV and CMV contraction over time. Since gut microbes also belong to this category of early exposures, we investigated their association with herpesvirus contraction. Our results show that these two viruses are acquired with different kinetics and that EBV and CMV seroprevalence at 10 years of age was 47 and 57%, respectively. We also observed that a delayed EBV or CMV infection was associated with older maternal age [time ratio (TR) 1.14, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.07-1.21, P-adj < 0.001 and TR 1.09, CI 1.03-1.16, P-adj = 0.008, respectively]. Further, we present the novel finding that S. aureus colonization reduced the time to CMV acquisition (TR 0.21, CI 0.06-0.78, = 0.02). Together, these findings suggest that there is a relationship between timing of herpesvirus acquisition and early-life immune modulating exposures, which interestingly also includes the early infant gut microbiota.
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