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- Barnekow-Bergkvist, Margareta, et al.
(author)
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Prediction of development of fatigue during a simulated ambulance work task from physical performance tests.
- 2004
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In: Ergonomics. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0014-0139 .- 1366-5847. ; 47:11, s. 1238-1250
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aims of this study were (1) to identify which physical performance tests could best explain the development of fatigue during a simulated ambulance work task, (2) to investigate the effect of height and weight and (3) to investigate in what respects these findings differ between female and male ambulance personnel. Forty-eight male and 17 female ambulance personnel completed a test battery assessing cardio-respiratory capacity, muscular strength and endurance, and co-ordination. The subjects also completed a simulated ambulance work task -- carrying a loaded stretcher. The work task was evaluated by development of fatigue. Univariate and multiple regression analyses were used to investigate to what extent the tests in the test battery were able to explain the variance of developed fatigue. The explained variance was higher for female than for male ambulance personnel (time > 70% of HRpeak: R2 = 0.75 vs 0.10, accumulated lactate: R2 = 0.62 vs 0.42, perceived exertion: R2 = 0.75 vs 0.10). Significant predictors in the models were VO2max, isometric back endurance, one-leg rising, isokinetic knee flexion and shoulder extension strength. Height, but not weight, could further explain the variance. The high physical strain during carrying the loaded stretcher implies the importance of investigating whether improved performance, matching the occupational demands, could decrease the development of fatigue during strenuous tasks.
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| 2. |
- Björling, Mikael, et al.
(author)
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Air infiltration into naturally ventilated apartments in multifamily dwellings
- 2014
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In: Indoor Air 2014 - 13th International Conference on Indoor Air Quality and Climate. ; , s. 34-40
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This study presents the ACH for ten apartments in naturally ventilated multifamily dwellings for two cases inlet vent manipulations: i) fully opened inlet vents; and ii) fully closed and taped inlet vents. Even with fully opened inlet vents the resulting ventilation is rather poor. The average ACH is 0.26±0.16 h-1. All apartments fall in the lower quartile in terms of ACH when compared to other multifamily dwellings in Sweden. A method using two different tracers A and B is presented that allow for measurement of the partial flow from the stairway zone and the partial flow from other pathways into the apartment. On the average 10-20% of the airflow into a typical apartment in a naturally ventilated multifamily dwelling seems to originate from the stairway zone when the inlet vents are fully opened. By closing and taping the inlet vents, the airtightness of the apartments have been investigated. The average direct leakage flow, i.e. not from the stairway zone, is 17 m3/h but the variation is large. Layout B seems to leak the most, followed by A and then C.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Johansson, Nina, et al.
(author)
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Ameliorating Child poverty through Connecting Economic Services with child health Services (ACCESS) : study protocol for a randomised controlled trial of the healthier wealthier families model in Sweden
- 2022
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In: BMC Public Health. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1471-2458. ; 22:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BackgroundSweden is often held up as an example of a country with low child deprivation; yet, rates of relative deprivation are rising. Every municipality in Sweden is required to provide free, timely and accessible budget and debt counselling under the Social Services Act. The services have been encouraged to perform preventative practice with families; however, this has not been realised. The Healthier Wealthier Families (HWF) model embeds universal screening for economic hardship into child health services and creates a referral pathway to economic support services. Given the universal child health system in Sweden, which is freely available and has excellent coverage of the child population, implementation of the HWF model has potential to support families to access the freely available municipal budget and debt counselling and ultimately improve rates of child deprivation in Sweden.Methods/designWe will conduct a two-arm randomised waitlist-control superiority trial to examine the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of the HWF model in the Sweden. A longitudinal follow-up with the cohort will explore whether any effects are maintained in the longer-term.DiscussionHWF is a collaborative and sustainable model that could maximise the effectiveness of current services to address child deprivation in Sweden. The study outlined in this protocol is the first effectiveness evaluation of the HWF model in Sweden and is a crucial step before HWF can be recommended for national implementation within the child health services.
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| 6. |
- Jonsäll, Anette, et al.
(author)
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Effects of genotype and rearing system on sensory characteristics and preference for pork (M. Longissimus dorsi)
- 2002
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In: Food Quality and Preference. - : Elsevier. - 0950-3293 .- 1873-6343. ; 13:2, s. 73-80
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The study concerns sensory quality, consumer preference, and thawing and cooking losses of loin muscle (M. Longissimus dorsi) from Hampshire crosses of different genotypes. Half of the pigs were organically reared, the others conventionally reared. A selected and trained panel carried out descriptive tests showing that loin from organically reared pigs scored lower for juiciness and higher for crumbliness than loin from conventionally reared pigs. Loin from RN− carriers compared with loin from non-carriers scored higher for tenderness, juiciness, acidulous taste and meat taste and lower for crumbliness. Loin from gilts scored higher for juiciness and lower for off-flavour than loin from castrated males. Two consumer tests were performed. Rearing system did not influence the consumer preference for pork loin, while RN− loins were preferred to loins from non-carriers. Neither rearing system nor genotype affected thawing or cooking losses. Loin from females, however, had higher thawing loss than loin from castrated males.
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| 7. |
- Kalezic, Ivana, et al.
(author)
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Distinctive pattern of c-fos expression in the feline cervico-lumbar spinal cord after stimulation of vanilloid receptors in dorsal neck muscles
- 2004
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In: Neuroscience Letters. - Amsterdam : Elsevier Science. - 0304-3940 .- 1872-7972. ; 364:2, s. 94-97
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In the present study, c-fos expression in the spinal cord has been used as a marker of neuronal activation induced by capsaicin-sensitive sensory afferents from the dorsal neck muscles in cats (n = 6). The number of Fos-immunoreactive neurons, which were revealed using the avidin-biotin-peroxidase method, was significantly increased in the cervical and lumbar spinal cord. In contrast to the control group (n = 3), 2 h after intramuscular capsaicin injection, c-fos expression was more extensive ipsilaterally to the injected side in the C3-C6 segments, and bilaterally in the L4-L6 segments. Most labeled neurons in the cervical spinal cord were small and giant cells, predominantly located in the middle and lateral parts of lamina I and, additionally, at the neck of the dorsal horn (lamina V), i.e., within the zones of termination of high-threshold muscle afferents. The widespread distribution of labeled cells throughout the cervical cord within the intermediate zone (lamina VII) coincided with the sites of last-order premotor interneurons and cells of origin of long crossed and uncrossed descending propriospinal pathways to the lumbar spinal cord. These findings suggest possible mechanisms for spreading of nociceptive signals between cervical and lumbar regions.
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| 9. |
- Sandberg, Camilla, et al.
(author)
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Impaired Skeletal Muscle Endurance in Adults With Complex Congenital Heart Disease is Associated With Local Muscle Oxygenation Kinetics
- 2018
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In: Circulation. - 0009-7322 .- 1524-4539. ; 138, s. A15914-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Introduction: Adults with complex congenital heart disease show reduced aerobic exercise capacity and impaired skeletal muscle function compared to healthy peers. Peripheral muscle factors are presumed to be important contributors, but the mechanisms are poorly understood. Hypothesis: Muscle oxygenation is associated with reduced skeletal muscle endurance in adults with complex CHD. Methods: Sixty-four adults with complex congenital heart disease (mean age 36.9±14.8 years, females n=19) were recruited from centers specialized in congenital heart disease. Seventy-four age and gender matched healthy peers were recruited as controls. Muscle oxygen saturation was successfully determined on the anterior portion of the deltoid muscle using near-infrared spectroscopy for 57 patients and 71 controls. Measurements were made at baseline, during isotonic shoulder flexions (0-90°) to exhaustion and during 60 seconds of recovery. Results: The adults with complex CHD performed fewer shoulder flexions (38±15 vs. 69±40, p <0.001), had lower muscle oxygen saturation at rest (58±17% vs. 69±18%, p <0.001), a slower desaturation rate at exercise onset (-9.5±5.9%/sec vs. -15.1±6.5%/sec, p <0.001), and a slower resaturation rate post exercise (3.9±2.8%/sec vs. 5.4±3.6%/sec, p =0.008) compared to the controls. Conclusions: A distinct association was found between muscle oxygenation kinetics and early muscle fatigue for adults with complex CHD. Our findings may give insight to the underlying mechanisms for the reduced aerobic exercise capacity for these patients, and therefore provide implications for design of exercise training protocols in this population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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| 10. |
- Sandberg, Camilla, et al.
(author)
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Slower Skeletal Muscle Oxygenation Kinetics in Adults With Complex Congenital Heart Disease
- 2019
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In: Canadian Journal of Cardiology. - : Elsevier. - 0828-282X .- 1916-7075. ; 35:12, s. 1815-1823
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Adults with complex congenital heart disease (CHD) show reduced aerobic exercise capacity and impaired skeletal muscle function compared with healthy peers. Peripheral muscle factors are presumed to be important contributors to the aerobic capacity, but the mechanisms are poorly understood. The aim of the present study was to investigate differences between adults with CHD and controls in muscle oxygenation kinetics at rest, and during and after exercise.Methods: Seventy-four patients with complex CHD (mean age 35.6 ± 14.3 years, female n = 22) were recruited. Seventy-four age- and sex-matched subjects were recruited as controls. Muscle oxygenation was successfully determined on the anterior portion of the deltoid muscle using near-infrared spectroscopy in 65 patients and 71 controls. Measurements were made at rest, during isotonic shoulder flexions (0-90°) to exhaustion, and during recovery.Results: The patients with CHD performed fewer shoulder flexions (40 ± 17 vs 69 ± 40; P < 0.001), had lower muscle oxygen saturation (StO2) at rest (58 ± 18% vs 69 ± 18%; P < 0.001), slower desaturation rate at exercise onset (−9.7 ± 5.9 vs −15.1 ± 6.5% StO2 × 3.5 s−1, P <0.001), and slower resaturation rate post exercise (4.0 ± 2.7 vs 5.4 ± 3.6% StO2 × 3.5 s−1; P = 0.009) compared with the controls. Conclusions: In comparison with age- and sex-matched controls, adults with complex CHD had slower oxygenation kinetics. This altered skeletal muscle metabolism might contribute to the impaired skeletal muscle endurance capacity shown and thereby also to the reduced aerobic capacity in this population.
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