| 1. |
- Malmström, Nils, et al.
(författare)
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Mindre här men mer där – problemet med läckage av växthusgaser inom jordbruket
- 2022
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Rapport (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Sverige och EU har satt upp ambitiösa mål för att minska utsläppen av växthusgaser. Jordbruket står för en stor del av utsläppen och kraftfulla styrmedel behövs. Samtidigt sker handel med jordbruksprodukter på världsmarknaden, vilket innebär att styrmedel som visserligen minskar utsläppen i Sverige och EU också kan leda till att produktion och utsläpp ökar utanför EU – så kallat utsläppsläckage. Här undersöker vi effekterna av att beskatta utsläpp av växthusgaser från jordbruket i Sverige och EU. Resultaten visar att en skatt i Sverige eller EU skulle minska utsläppen, men att en stor del av minskningen skulle motverkas av ökade utsläpp utanför Sverige/EU. Vidare visar resultaten att en klimattull, dvs. avgifter som beror på utsläppen importen gett upphov till vid produktion, kan minska, men inte helt motverka, utsläppsläckaget.
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| 2. |
- Mukamuhirwa, Alphonsine, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of intermittent drought on grain yield and quality of rice (Oryza sativa L.) grown in Rwanda
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science. - : Wiley. - 0931-2250 .- 1439-037X. ; 206, s. 252-262
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The climate change will contribute drought and temperature extremes to rice growing systems, especially when cultivated in equatorial regions. To evaluate opportunities to cultivate and breed drought-tolerant rice, seven rice cultivars were evaluated in Rwanda for recurring morphological drought scores, grain yield and components, and quality characteristics. The cultivation conditions, that is site and drought treatment, impacted morphological drought scores, growth and yield attributes, while cultivar affected quality attributes. Thus, site showed a higher impact on grain yield and components than drought and cultivar, with generally a reduced grain yield at the low-temperature site, as a result of low spikelet fertility. Morphological drought scores were generally increased by drought, while drought at the reproductive stage at the high-temperature site was negative for yield and its components. The cultivars "Intsindagirabigega" and "Jyambere" were adapted to high-temperature site conditions. The cultivar "Intsindagirabigega" had the highest amylose content, and "Mpembuke," the highest antioxidant capacity. Thus, climate change with increased temperature and drought extremes may increase rice productivity in cool areas, while especially drought at reproductive stage will be detrimental in low altitude areas with high temperature. Cultivar variation indicated opportunities for selection and breeding of climate change tolerant rice cultivars which should be of immediate priority.
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| 3. |
- Mukamuhirwa, Alphonsine, et al.
(författare)
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Quality and Grain Yield Attributes of Rwandan Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Cultivars Grown in a Biotron Applying Two NPK Levels
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Food Quality. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0146-9428 .- 1745-4557. ; 2018
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- High-yielding rice cultivars with good processing quality and rich in nutrition suitable to a changing climate are of particular importance for future rice-based food production. Here, seven Rwandan rice cultivars were grown in a climate chamber of the biotron facility at the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, to be evaluated for their grain yield, nutritional composition, and dough mixing properties. Two different levels of inorganic fertilizer were applied weekly from the seedling stage until flowering. Significant differences for grain yield and quality attributes were found between cultivars. Jyambere showed significantly the highest yield while Ingwizabukungu, Nemeyubutaka, and Jyambere were high in mineral elements content. Ndamirabahinzi and Mpembuke had the highest levels of TPC and TAC. Generally, the lower fertilizer dose resulted in a better performance of the cultivars for both yield and quality attributes. Significantly higher content of Fe, Ca, and Ba was found in grains from the moderate fertilizer dose, whereas K, Na, P, S, Zn, Cd, and Pb increased in grains from the higher fertilizer dose. The cultivar Ndamirabahinzi showed less variability of evaluated characters across fertilizer doses. The results from this study may be used for rice breeding of cultivars with high yield and good grain quality.
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| 4. |
- Muneer, Faraz, et al.
(författare)
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Economic viability of protein concentrate production from green biomass of intermediate crops: A pre-feasibility study
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Cleaner Production. - : Elsevier BV. - 0959-6526 .- 1879-1786. ; 294
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Green biomass is a major potential source of proteins for food and feed. This pre-feasibility study evaluates the use of green biomass of buckwheat, phacelia, hemp and oilseed radish grown as intermediate crops (IC) as a feedstock for production of protein concentrates to produce protein-rich food and feed products. We investigated the biomass yield, protein concentration and protein recovery potential of non-fertilized IC, nitrogen-fertilized IC and IC intercropped with legumes, harvested in late summer to autumn during 2017 and 2018 in southern Sweden. In addition, economic assessment of potential protein and fibre feed and food products were evaluated. The results showed that IC fertilized with 40 kg ha1 N and intercropping with legumes contributed to a higher biomass dry matter (DM) yield of 4.9e5.8 t ha1 as compared to between 2.2 and 3.1 t ha1 for non-fertilized IC. Intercropping with legumes also resulted in higher protein yield of 154 g kg1 vs. 103 g kg1 for non-fertilized IC. Among IC, hemp, phacelia and oilseed radish showed up to ca. 25% higher DM yield and up to ca. 70% higher protein concentration as compared to buckwheat. Higher DM yield was obtained when IC were harvested in October and November than in August and September. Economic assessment was made on two feasible protein production pathways; (A) Green and white proteins and (B) total recoverable combined protein fraction (CPF). For all IC, cost per t DM was higher in August due to lower biomass yield as compared to other harvesting months. Nitrogen concentration was the main factor determining the size of revenues. Nitrogen concentration was 34% higher in 2018 compared to 2017 and therefore resulted in higher revenues in that year. Intercropping resulted in higher protein content and therefore contributed to lower breakeven prices of recovered green proteins for all IC. Breakeven price analyses showed that green protein and CPF were economically feasible to market as both bulk and premium products depending on lower (2 V kg1 ) or higher (2e10 V kg1 ) price ranges, respectively. The results demonstrate that use of IC biomass could be a feasible option to produce high value protein-rich products, which can contribute extra income from IC for farmers.
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| 5. |
- Ohlsson, Jonas A., et al.
(författare)
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Lactose, glucose and galactose content in milk, fermented milk and lactose-free milk products
- 2017
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Ingår i: International Dairy Journal. - : Elsevier BV. - 0958-6946 .- 1879-0143. ; 73, s. 151-154
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lactose, glucose and galactose contents in milk and fermented milk products and their lactose-free alternatives, were determined. Storage of products up to the best-before dates had no effect on carbohydrate composition. Total galactose content in yoghurt, i.e., free galactose plus the galactose moiety of lactose, was 2.3–2.4 g 100 g−1 (94–95% of that in milk), whereas that in Swedish soured milk and kefir was 1.9–2.0 g 100 g−1 (75–79% of that in milk). Lactose levels in lactose-free milk and fermented milk products were below or close to detection limits for all products. Only small differences in total galactose content existed for the lactose-free alternatives of milk, yoghurt and filmjölk, all with average total galactose contents of 1.3–1.4 g 100 g−1 (55–60% of that in milk). In contrast, lactose-free kefir had the same galactose content as milk, 2.4 g 100 g−1.
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| 6. |
- Larsson, Cecilia, et al.
(författare)
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Reformen av CAP 2013 : Lärdomar för en bättre jordbrukspolitik efter 2020
- 2018
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Den senaste reformen av EU:s gemensamma jordbrukspolitik (CAP) sjösattes 2015 med avsikten att göra det europeiska jordbruket mer konkurrenskraftigt och mer hållbart. Syftet med den här rapporten är att analysera vilka effekter reformen kan väntas få på svenskt jordbruk på områdena konkurrenskraft och miljö, för att undersöka om målen med reformen uppfylls eller ej. Analysen bygger på simuleringar i AgriPoliS, en modell av svenskt jordbruk på gårdsnivå i fyra typiska bygderSammantaget visar analysen att 2013 års reform kan väntas få begränsad inverkan. Jordbrukets konkurrenskraft förbättras något i produktiva regioner, medan effekterna blir små i mindre produktiva regioner. Djurnäringens konkurrenskraft kan till och med försämras något. På miljöområdet drar vi slutsatsen att förgröningsstödet inte ger några märkbara miljöeffekter.
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| 7. |
- Brembeck, Helene, 1952, et al.
(författare)
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Barn som medforskare av matlandskap. Del 1: Medforskning
- 2010
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Att ta med barn i forskningsprocessen är undantag snarare än regel i barndomsforskning. Det är även mycket ovanligt när det gäller forskning inom fältet mat och hälsa som domineras av kvantitativa studier. De flesta av dessa studier har folkhälsovetenskapliga eller kostvetenskapliga utgångspunkter där man försöker följa, mäta effekterna av och utvärdera olika interventioner riktade mot barn. Forskarna i BAMM ville inte forska om barn utan med dem. Deras utgångspunkt var barnen och deras intressefokus och frågeställningar. Vad är intressant för dem? Vad har de för kunskaper och vad är de nyfikna på att få veta mer om? Hur tar de reda på mer om det de är intresserade av? Hur sammanställer och presenterar de sin forskning? Hur föreslår och visualiserar de förändringar? Kan barns forskning göra skillnad? För dem? För samhället? Detta metodiska angreppssätt innebar också med nödvändighet en kritik av gängse uppifrån-och-ner-modeller för interventioner riktade mot barn. Fältarbetet bedrevs i två fjärdeklasser med totalt 45 barn på en skola i en av Göteborgs kranskommuner. Medforskarna arbetade i grupper på 7-8, med en eller två av forskarna som handledare. Forskarnas ambition som handledare var att uppmärksamma medforskarnas intressen och önskemål och låta dem leda forskarna runt i sina matlandskap. Det var inte bestämt i detalj hur medforskandet skulle gå till utan forskningssamarbetet fick växa fram tillsammans med barnen. Genom BAMM fick forskarna uppslag för hur barns matmiljöer kan bli mer hälsofrämjande. Det behövs insatser på såväl individ, som skol- och kommunnivå. Utgångspunkten är att barn ska bemötas som individer med resurser att tillföra i ett hälsofrämjande arbete. Det innebär att ta vara på barns erfarenheter och kunskaper och att ge dem möjligheter, både i och utanför skolan, att ta reda på mer om det de är intresserade av. Det är också viktigt att ta matglädje och sinnlighet på allvar och inte minst att ge barn reell möjlighet att vara delaktiga i beslut som fattas rörande deras matlandskap.
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| 8. |
- Brembeck, Helene, 1952, et al.
(författare)
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Exploring Children’s foodscapes
- 2010
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Ingår i: Proceedings from the 4th International Conference on Multidisciplinary Perspectives on Child and Teen Consumption. June 21-23 2010, Campus Norrköping, Sweden.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 9. |
- Gullstrand, Joakim, et al.
(författare)
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The disciplinary effect of the single market on Swedish firms
- 2005
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Ingår i: Open Economies Review. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1573-708X .- 0923-7992. ; 16:4, s. 381-398
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the 1980s it became increasingly clear that the European Community market was still segmented by national borders because of non-tariff barriers to trade. A major objective of the Single Market Program in 1992 was to remove these barriers, thereby enforcing intra-union competition. In this paper, a panel of Swedish firm-level data is used to evaluate whether domestic market power has been curtailed as a consequence of the SMP and of the Swedish membership in the European Union in 1995. Evidence of increased competition emerges, as price-cost margins have declined in industries with high non-tariff barriers prior to 1992.
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| 10. |
- Gustavsson, Frida, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of breed and casein genetic variants on protein profile in milk from Swedish Red, Danish Holstein, and Danish Jersey cows.
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Dairy Science. - : American Dairy Science Association. - 1525-3198 .- 0022-0302. ; 97:6, s. 3866-3877
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In selecting cows for higher milk yields and milk quality, it is important to understand how these traits are affected by the bovine genome. The major milk proteins exhibit genetic polymorphism and these genetic variants can serve as markers for milk composition, milk production traits, and technological properties of milk. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between casein (CN) genetic variants and detailed protein composition in Swedish and Danish dairy milk. Milk and DNA samples were collected from approximately 400 individual cows each of 3 Scandinavian dairy breeds: Swedish Red (SR), Danish Holstein (DH), and Danish Jersey (DJ). The protein profile with relative concentrations of α-lactalbumin, β-lactoglobulin, and αS1-, αS2-, κ-, and β-CN was determined for each milk sample using capillary zone electrophoresis. The genetic variants of the αS1- (CSN1S1), β- (CSN2), and κ-CN (CSN3) genes for each cow were determined using TaqMan SNP genotyping assays (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA). Univariate statistical models were used to evaluate the effects of composite genetic variants, αS1-β-κ-CN, on the protein profile. The 3 studied Scandinavian breeds differed from each other regarding CN genotypes, with DH and SR having similar genotype frequencies, whereas the genotype frequencies in DJ differed from the other 2 breeds. The similarities in genotype frequencies of SR and DH and differences compared with DJ were also seen in milk production traits, gross milk composition, and protein profile. Frequencies of the most common composite αS1-β-κ-CN genotype BB/A(2)A(2)/AA were 30% in DH and 15% in SR, and cows that had this genotype gave milk with lower relative concentrations of κ- and β-CN and higher relative concentrations of αS-CN, than the majority of the other composite genotypes in SR and DH. The effect of composite genotypes on relative concentrations of the milk proteins was not as pronounced in DJ. The present work suggests that a higher frequency of BB/A(1)A(2)/AB, together with a decrease in BB/A(2)A(2)/AA, could have positive effects on DH and SR milk regarding, for example, the processing of cheese.
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