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- Boström, Per, 1982-
(author)
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”Det här är ju dött tåg liksom…” : en studie av metaforer för ROMANTISK KÄRLEK i talad svenska
- 2018
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The purpose of this study is to investigate the metaphorization of ROMANTIC LOVE in spoken Swedish. The study is based on 4 semi-structured focus group conversations with participants in two age groups; 24–33 and 50–54. A Swedish short film and questions related to the film were used as stimuli for the conversations. Research questions asked are 1) How is the concept of ROMANTIC LOVE metaphorized in the recorded group conversations? 2) How does the metaphorization vary between the conversations? and 3) What cultural model for ROMANTIC LOVE in the conversations can be reconstructed based on identified metaphorizations? The study is situated within Cognitive Linguistics and the framework of Conceptual Metaphor Theory and a Discourse Dynamics Approach to Metaphor. Consequently, metaphor is seen as a cognitive, linguistic, socio-cultural and discursive phenomenon, where metaphorization is a dynamic process that develops, adapts and flows within the conversations and between the participants. Accordingly, the identified metaphorizations are considered to be influenced by the speakers and their embodied experiences, their embodied cognition, the discourse event, and socio-cultural aspects of metaphorization. The focus of the present study, ROMANTIC LOVE, is considered as a dynamic concept based on philosophical, feminist, psychological and metaphorical research. Metaphors are identified through a discourse dynamic version of MIP and MIPVU.From the analyses, 6 systematic metaphors are proposed, where ROMANTIC LOVE is metaphorized as a PHYSICAL OBJECT (incl. as a POSSESSION and as a LIVING ORGANISM), as a CONTAINER (incl. CONSTRUCTION and BODY as a CONTAINER), as TRAVELLING together (with primary focus on TRAVELLING together rather than SOURCE or TARGET), as a UNITY (with focus on how a UNITY is ESTABLISHED, MAINTAINED and DISSOLVED, ideally by two COMPATIBLE partners), as a PHYSICAL and NATURAL FORCE and as a DISEASE (where LOVE can affect a person’s perception and sanity). In addition, ROMANTIC LOVE is, in a small number of expressions, metaphorized as a CRIME, as a PHYSICAL CONFLICT and as a GAME. The variation in metaphorization is small between the conversations. Some metaphorizations seem to be related to the age of the participants. ROMANTIC LOVE ismoreover something people usually have influence over and in some ways can control. In total, 780 metaphorical expressions and 9 source domains are identified. Departing from the interplay betweenmetaphorization and culture, a cultural model for ROMANTIC LOVE is reconstructed, where a multifaceted, embodied and experiential concept of ROMANTIC LOVE emerges.
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- Eriksson, Elin, 1980-
(author)
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Undervisning med stöd av förproducerade material : Ett närmande av naturvetenskap i förskolan
- 2022
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This thesis aims to develop an understanding of the possibilities and challenges pre-produced teaching materials present to teachers and the learning opportunities children are offered in teaching that uses such materials. To do this a study of preschool teachers and children from three preschool departments in Sweden was carried out. The study focuses on the preschool teachers’ descriptions of their planned teaching as well as their realization of their teaching when they use the pre-produced teaching material titled “Science and Technology for All”. The teacher guides to this material, used by the preschool teachers, are also examined. The study is based on a qualitative analysis of interviews, video observations and the teacher guides. The theoretical foundation is based on a pragmatic view from the ideas of John Dewey and the theoretical concepts ultimate and proximate purposes and continuity is used in the analysis.The results of the thesis show that, even though the preschool teachers drew on the same teaching material, they displayed three different teaching practices, each of which created different opportunities to learn natural science for the participating children. The results highlight specific teaching actions that appear to either promote or hinder children's opportunities for learning natural science. The results also show that the teacher guides are vague and ambiguous, thus opening the possibility of different interpretations regarding what should be focused on in the teaching. The study concludes by stressing the importance of clear and unambiguous teacher guides. The results of the study are relevant for teaching in preschool, and other early-years educational settings for example the early school years. The results also have a general validity across a wide range of subject areas.
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- Johansson, H. I P, et al.
(author)
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Core-level shifts on Be(101̄0)
- 1994
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In: Physical Review B (Condensed Matter). - 0163-1829. ; 49:24, s. 17460-17463
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A high-resolution photoemission study of the Be (101̄0) surface, at a sample temperature of 100 K, is reported. Three surface-shifted Be 1s components are revealed having shifts of -700, -500, and -220 meV. These are interpreted as originating from the first, second, and third plus fourth atomic layers while the bulk signal originates from the fifth and deeper layers. The surface layer shift for this more open Be(101̄0) surface is found to be smaller than for the close-packed Be(0001) surface. Reasons for this unusual behavior are suggested.
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- Johansson, L. I., et al.
(author)
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Surface core level shift on Be( 112̄0)
- 1994
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In: Surface Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 0039-6028. ; 321:3
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A photoemission study of the Be(112̄0) surface carried out at a sample temperature of 100 K is reported. A surface shifted Be 1s component, having a shift of - 410 meV, is resolved on this surface. The extracted surface to bulk intensity ratio indicate that this component originates from atoms in the surface layer only. This is opposite to previous observations on both the close-packed Be(0001) surface and the Be(101̄0) surface where sub-surface shifted Be 1s levels were unambiguously identified. Among these three surfaces a surface layer atom is expected to have the lowest coordination on the (112̄0) surface but the surface layer shift is found to be smallest on this surface. Compared to findings on other metals this is unusual and reasons contributing to this behaviour are suggested and discussed.
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- Johansson, L. I., et al.
(author)
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Three surface-shifted core levels on Be(0001)
- 1993
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In: Physical Review Letters. - 0031-9007. ; 71:15, s. 2453-2456
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The results of a high resolution photoemission study of the Be(0001) surface carried out at temperatures between 100 and 450 K are reported. At 100 K, three distinctly shifted Be 1s levels, exhibiting shifts of -825, -570, and -265 meV, are revealed and interpreted to originate from the three outermost atomic layers. Identification of two subsurface core level shifts and a first layer surface shift of -825 meV is unique among close-packed metal surfaces. Temperature dependent broadening effects observed in the bulk and surface BE 1s peaks are also reported.
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- Weman-Josefsson, Karin Anna, 1975-
(author)
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EXPLORING MOTIVATIONAL MECHANISMS IN EXERCISE BEHAVIOUR : Applying Self-determination theory in a person-centred approach
- 2014
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Licentiate thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Involvement in physical activity (PA) and exercise behaviour is multifaceted and depends on bidirectional correlations between multiple factors; one avenue to increase the understanding of sustainable exercise behaviours would be to employ a motivational perspective. In this thesis, this was done by placing the primary focus on Self-determination theory (SDT) as a person-centred approach to study the motivational mechanisms believed to impact exercise behaviour based on the SDT process model. Study 1, conducted in a cross-sectional design, included 1,091 members of a web-based exercise service. Based on sophisticated mediation analysis, the results support the hypothesized associations between latent constructs and exercise behaviour in the related steps of the SDT process model. Moreover, moderating effects were discovered, demonstrating that these associations could differ in different subgroups based on gender and age. The results of Study 1 thereby represent a first indication that exercise intervention design might benefit from slightly different approaches when addressing different demographical groups like gender and age. Study 2 was conducted in a two-wave RCT design to test an SDT-informed intervention on 64 voluntary participants. Components of Motivational interviewing (MI), the Relapse prevention model (RPM) and Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) were used as practical application guidelines to deliver the intervention content. Results showed intervention effects on exercise level, exercise intensity and motivation quality as well as mediating effects of the RAI (Relative Autonomy Index; an index of the degree of self-determination), and identified regulation in relation to exercise behaviour. The experimental group also demonstrated significantly lower levels of extrinsic motivation than the control group post-intervention. Besides strong support for applying the basic tenets of SDT in the exercise domain, there are some main findings in this thesis. First of all, self-determined motivation was found to act as a mediating variable in the relationship between psychological need satisfaction and exercise, and these patterns of indirect effects differed across age and gender. This indicates that mechanisms in the SDT process model could vary (qualitatively) depending on subgroup, which carries potential implications for practice. Second, the results of Study 2 also provide evidence that the mediating mechanisms of the process model could be manipulated in an intervention, e.g. by creating need-supportive environments facilitating internalization and subsequent exercise behaviour. Furthermore, both studies demonstrated that identified regulation plays a prominent role in the motivational processes, supporting the significance of promoting internalization in activities like exercise. Finally, this thesis represents prospective value for the utility of employing a polytheoretical approach in exercise intervention design, more specifically regarding the prosperous outlooks in combining SDT with other theories and methods.
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