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Overeating saturated fat promotes fatty liver and ceramides compared to polyunsaturated fat : a randomized trial

Rosqvist, Fredrik, 1985- (author)
Uppsala universitet,Klinisk nutrition och metabolism
Kullberg, Joel, 1979- (author)
Uppsala universitet,Radiologi,Antaros Medical AB, BioVenture Hub, Mölndal, Sweden
Ståhlman, Marcus, 1975 (author)
Gothenburg University,Göteborgs universitet,Institutionen för medicin, avdelningen för molekylär och klinisk medicin,Institute of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine
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Cedernaes, Jonathan (author)
Uppsala universitet,Transplantation och regenerativ medicin,Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
Heurling, Kerstin, 1982- (author)
Gothenburg University,Göteborgs universitet,Uppsala universitet,Radiologi,Antaros Medical AB, BioVenture Hub, Mölndal, Sweden;Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine and Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden,Institutionen för neurovetenskap och fysiologi, sektionen för psykiatri och neurokemi,Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine,Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry
Johansson, Hans-Erik, 1960- (author)
Uppsala universitet,Geriatrik
Iggman, David (author)
Uppsala universitet,Klinisk nutrition och metabolism,Centrum för klinisk forskning Dalarna
Wilking, Helena (author)
Uppsala universitet,Radiologi
Larsson, Anders (author)
Uppsala universitet,Klinisk kemi
Eriksson, Olof (author)
Uppsala universitet,Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab,Antaros Medical AB, BioVenture Hub, Mölndal, Sweden
Johansson, Lars (author)
Uppsala universitet,Radiologi,Antaros Medical AB, BioVenture Hub, Mölndal, Sweden
Straniero, Sara (author)
Karolinska Institutet
Rudling, Mats (author)
Karolinska Institutet
Antoni, Gunnar (author)
Uppsala universitet,Institutionen för läkemedelskemi
Lubberink, Mark (author)
Uppsala universitet,Radiologi
Orho-Melander, Marju (author)
Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University Diabetes Center, Lund University, Sweden
Borén, Jan, 1963 (author)
Gothenburg University,Göteborgs universitet,Institutionen för medicin, avdelningen för molekylär och klinisk medicin,Institute of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine
Ahlström, Håkan, 1953- (author)
Uppsala universitet,Radiologi,Antaros Medical AB, BioVenture Hub, Mölndal, Sweden
Risérus, Ulf, 1967- (author)
Uppsala universitet,Klinisk nutrition och metabolism
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 (creator_code:org_t)
2019-08-01
2019
English.
In: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. - : Oxford University Press. - 0021-972X .- 1945-7197. ; 104:12, s. 6207-6219
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  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)
Abstract Subject headings
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  • CONTEXT: Saturated fat (SFA) versus polyunsaturated fat (PUFA) may promote non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) by yet unclear mechanisms.OBJECTIVE: To investigate if overeating SFA- and PUFA-enriched diets lead to differential liver fat accumulation in overweight and obese humans.DESIGN: Double-blind randomized trial (LIPOGAIN-2). Overfeeding SFA vs PUFA for 8 weeks, followed by 4 weeks of caloric restriction.SETTING: General community.Participants: n=61 overweight or obese men and women.INTERVENTION: Muffins high in either palm (SFA)- or sunflower oil (PUFA) were added to the habitual diet.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Lean tissue mass (not reported here). Secondary and exploratory outcomes included liver and ectopic fat depots.RESULTS: By design, body weight gain was similar in SFA (2.31±1.38 kg) and PUFA (2.01±1.90 kg) groups, P=0.50. SFA markedly induced liver fat content (50% relative increase) along with liver enzymes and atherogenic serum lipids. In contrast, despite similar weight gain, PUFA did not increase liver fat or liver enzymes or cause any adverse effects on blood lipids. SFA had no differential effect on the accumulation of visceral fat, pancreas fat or total body fat compared with PUFA. SFA consistently increased, while PUFA reduced circulating ceramides; changes that were moderately associated with liver fat changes and proposed markers of hepatic lipogenesis. The adverse metabolic effects of SFA were reversed by calorie restriction.CONCLUSIONS: Saturated fat markedly induces liver fat and serum ceramides whereas dietary polyunsaturated fat prevent liver fat accumulation, reduce ceramides and hyperlipidemia during excess energy intake and weight gain in overweight individuals.

Subject headings

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP  -- Hälsovetenskap -- Näringslära (hsv//swe)
MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES  -- Health Sciences -- Nutrition and Dietetics (hsv//eng)
MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP  -- Klinisk medicin -- Endokrinologi och diabetes (hsv//swe)
MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES  -- Clinical Medicine -- Endocrinology and Diabetes (hsv//eng)

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