| 1. |
- Béland, M. -C, et al.
(författare)
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Optical measurement and perception of gloss quality of printed matte-coated paper
- 2000
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Ingår i: Journal of Pulp and Paper Science (JPPS). - : Canadian Pulp & Paper Assoc, Montreal, Canada. - 0826-6220. ; 26:3, s. 120-123
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A set of 32 commercially produced and printed matte-coated papers were rated for gloss quality by a panel of 13 expert judges and light-scattering distributions, gloss and gloss variation of the prints were measured. Fitting the light-scattering distributions to Von Mises distributions, we obtain a factor, kappa, related to the width of the distribution and sensitive to small changes in surface roughness. This factor relates very well with the subjective rating. Gloss variation in the 3.3 to 6.6 mm wavelength band also correlates well with the gloss quality rating. The topography of the samples was also measured using confocal microscopy and a good correlation was found between the median facet angle and the kappa values.
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| 2. |
- Berg, Björn, et al.
(författare)
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Factors influencing limit values for pine needle litter decomposition : A synthesis for boreal and temperate pine forest systems
- 2010
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Ingår i: Biogeochemistry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0168-2563 .- 1573-515X. ; 100:1, s. 57-73
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We synthesized available data for decomposition of pine (Pinus) needle litter in pine forests to determine the litter chemical characteristics and climate factors that explained variation in the limit value, i. e. the level of accumulated mass loss at which the decomposition process either continues at a very low rate or possibly stops. Our data base included 56 separate studies on decomposition of pine needle litter, spanning Scots pine, lodgepole pine, Aleppo pine, stone pine and white pine, mainly incubated at the site of collection. Studies had 5 to 19 samplings, on average 10, and the decomposition was followed to a mass loss ranging from 47 to 83%, on average 67%. The periods from 3.0 to 5.4 years, on average 3.9 years, were of sufficient duration to allow estimates of limit values of decomposition. We used a linear mixed model with regression effects to relate limit values to potential explanatory variables, namely the sites' long-term mean annual temperature (MAT) and mean annual precipitation (MAP) and to substrate-chemistry factors. Regarding the latter, we explored two models; one that included initial concentrations of water solubles, lignin, N, P, K, Ca, Mg, and Mn and one that included only lignin, N, Ca, and Mn to focus on those nutrients known to influence lignin degradation. Using backward elimination significant explanatory variables were determined. For litter decomposed in its site of origin we found the limit value to depend mainly on the initial concentration of Mn, with higher Mn concentrations resulting in higher accumulated mass loss. Thus, litter with higher Mn reached a higher limit value and left a smaller stable fraction. This is likely due to the fact that Mn is an essential component of ligninolytic enzymes important for degrading litter in the later stages of decomposition. Manganese has received little attention in decomposition studies to date. Given its significance in this synthesis, the role of Mn in influencing variation in the late stages of decomposition among ecosystems and among litters of other genera besides Pinus deserves further attention.
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| 3. |
- Beland, Marie-Claude, et al.
(författare)
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Optical measurement and perception of gloss quality of printed matte-coated paper
- 1998
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the International Printing and Graphic Arts Conference. - : CPPA, Montreal, Canada. ; , s. 187-191
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A set of 32 commercially produced and printed matte-coated papers were rated for gloss quality by a panel of 13 expert judges and light scattering distributions, gloss, and gloss variation measured. Fitting the light scattering distributions to Von Mises distributions, we obtain a factor, kappa, related to the width of the distribution and sensitive to small changes in surface roughness, which relates very well with the subjective rating. Gloss variation in certain surface spatial wavelength bands also correlates well with the gloss quality rating. The topography of the samples was also measured using confocal microscopy and the relationship between light scattering and paper topography is discussed.
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| 4. |
- Blesic, S., et al.
(författare)
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A random walk model analysis of spinal dorsalhorn neuron discharges
- 2000
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Methods of statistical physics have been recently successfully ap- plied to the study of spatial ánd temporal randomness in various biological systems, like the analýsts of the DNA nucleotide sequences and the heartbeat time series. We study the interspike intervals (ISI) time series of the spinal dorsal horn nociceptive- responsive neurons (DHN) activity in decerebrate cats applying the detrended fluctuatìon analysis (DFA) that is a modification of the standard random walk model analysis. Specifically, we focus on ISI variability as an important quantity to help elucidate sensory coding and signal processing performed by DHN. DFA has been applied for it permtts quantification of correlation properties of a nonstationary time series of neuronal discharge, Changes in DHN activity were extracellularly recorded with high impedance glass microelectrodes from superficial laminae of the dorsal horn, during different experimentally simúlated conditions. We háve analyzed DHN discharge patterns during spontaneous activity, as well as in the presence of diflerent noxious and non- noxious mechanical stimuli. Application of DFA method showed significant changes in dynamics of neural discharge when the ex- ternal stimulus is appliéd. These findings demonstrate the relevance of the application of methods of statistical. physics to identify the changes in aflerent inflow, and to characterize temporal patterns of activity of neurons under study
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| 5. |
- Bombardi, C., et al.
(författare)
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Immunohistochemical localization of alpha(1a)-adrenoreceptors in muscle spindles of rabbit masseter muscle
- 2006
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Ingår i: Tissue & Cell. - : Elsevier BV. - 0040-8166 .- 1532-3072. ; 38:2, s. 121-125
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The expression of alpha(1a)-adrenoreceptors (alpha(1a)-ARs) within the muscle spindles of rabbit masseter muscle was investigated. The alpha(1a)-ARs were detected by immunohistochemical fluorescent method and examined along the entire length of 109 cross serially sectioned spindles. The sympathetic fibers were visualized by the immunofluorescent labeling of the noradrenaline synthesizing enzymes tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DBH). In order to recognize the intrafusal muscle fiber types, antibodies for different myosin heavy chain isoforms (MyHCI) were used. TH and DBH immunolabeled nerve fibers have been observed within the capsule lamellar layers, in the periaxial fluid space and close to intrafusal muscle fibers. The alpha(1a)-ARs were detected on the smooth muscle cells of the blood vessels coursing in the muscle and in the capsule lamellar layers or within the periaxial fluid space of the spindles. Moreover, at the polar regions of a high percentage (88.1%) of muscle spindles a strong alpha(1a)-ARs immunoreactivity was present on the intrafusal muscle fibers. In double immunostained sections for alpha(1a)-ARs and MyHCI it was evidenced that both bag, and nuclear chain fibers express alpha(1a)-ARs. The receptors that we have detected by immunofluorescence may support a direct control by adrenergic fibers on muscle spindle.
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| 6. |
- Hugosson, Håkan Wilhelm, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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Theory of phase stabilities and bonding mechanisms in stoichiometric and substoichiometric molybdenum carbide
- 1999
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Ingår i: Journal of Applied Physics. - : AIP Publishing. - 0021-8979 .- 1089-7550. ; 86:7, s. 3758-3767
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ABSTRACTFirst principles, total energy methods have been applied to predict the relative stabilities of the four experimentally verified MoC phases: the cubic δ(NaCl) phase and the three hexagonal γ(WC), η and γ′(TiAs) phases. The effect of vacancies on the relative stability of these four phases was investigated using a model structure with ordered vacancies within the carbon sublattice. For stoichiometric MoC, the γ phase was found to be the most stable followed by γ′, δ, and η, but for substoichiometric MoC0.75,MoC0.75, the order of relative stability was changed and the substoichiometric δ phase was found to have the lowest energy followed by γ′ and γ. A study of the electronic structure revealed vacancy induced peaks in the density of state and the electron density attached to these peaks was analyzed and found to emanate from unscreened Mo–Mo bonds through the carbon vacancy site. Finally, the oxygen stabilization of the γ′ MoC phase was studied.
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| 7. |
- Johansson, Nina, et al.
(författare)
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Ameliorating Child poverty through Connecting Economic Services with child health Services (ACCESS) : study protocol for a randomised controlled trial of the healthier wealthier families model in Sweden
- 2022
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Ingår i: BMC Public Health. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1471-2458. ; 22:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundSweden is often held up as an example of a country with low child deprivation; yet, rates of relative deprivation are rising. Every municipality in Sweden is required to provide free, timely and accessible budget and debt counselling under the Social Services Act. The services have been encouraged to perform preventative practice with families; however, this has not been realised. The Healthier Wealthier Families (HWF) model embeds universal screening for economic hardship into child health services and creates a referral pathway to economic support services. Given the universal child health system in Sweden, which is freely available and has excellent coverage of the child population, implementation of the HWF model has potential to support families to access the freely available municipal budget and debt counselling and ultimately improve rates of child deprivation in Sweden.Methods/designWe will conduct a two-arm randomised waitlist-control superiority trial to examine the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of the HWF model in the Sweden. A longitudinal follow-up with the cohort will explore whether any effects are maintained in the longer-term.DiscussionHWF is a collaborative and sustainable model that could maximise the effectiveness of current services to address child deprivation in Sweden. The study outlined in this protocol is the first effectiveness evaluation of the HWF model in Sweden and is a crucial step before HWF can be recommended for national implementation within the child health services.
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| 8. |
- Johansson, P M, et al.
(författare)
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Low-temperature isolation of disease-suppressive bacteria and characterization of a distinctive group of pseudomonads
- 2003
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Ingår i: Applied and Environmental Microbiology. - 0099-2240 .- 1098-5336. ; 69:11, s. 6464-6474
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The influence of environmental factors during isolation on the composition of potential biocontrol isolates is largely unknown. Bacterial isolates that efficiently suppressed wheat seedling blight caused by Fusarium culmortun were found by isolating psychrotrophic, root-associated bacteria and by screening them in a bioassay that mimicked field conditions. The impact of individual isolation factors on the disease-suppressive index (DSI) of almost 600 isolates was analyzed. The bacteria originated from 135 samples from 62 sites in Sweden and Switzerland. The isolation factors that increased the probability of finding isolates with high DSIs were sampling from arable land, Swiss origin of samples, and origination of isolates from plants belonging to the family Brassicaceae. The colony morphology of the isolates was characterized and compared to DSIs, which led to identification of a uniform morphological group containing 57 highly disease-suppressive isolates. Isolates in this group were identified as Pseudomonas sp.; they were fluorescent on King’s medium B and had characteristic crystalline structures in their colonies. These isolates were morphologically similar to seven strains that had previously been selected for suppression of barley net blotch caused by Drechslera teres. Members of this morphological group grow at 1.5degreesC and produce an antifungal polyketide (2,3-deepoxy-2,3-didehydrorhizoxin [DDR]). They have similar two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis protein profiles, phenotypic characteristics, and in vitro inhibition spectra of pathogens. In summary, in this paper we describe some isolation factors that are important for obtaining disease-suppressive bacteria in our system, and we describe a novel group of biocontrol pseudomonads.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Johansson, Sara, et al.
(författare)
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Musculoskeletal pain, work posture and physical activity among professional symphony and opera musicians in Sweden
- 2015
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: The objectives were to 1) investigate the point prevalence and the one year prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms among professional classical orchestra musicians, 2) estimate the work posture regarding standing vs. sitting, and the physical activity among the musicians, and 3) investigate associations between pain and gender, work posture, and physical activity.Methods: The study is part of an ongoing national survey investigating the health situation among Swedish professional orchestra musicians. The data were collected from two orchestras. Seventy-eight musicians (80%) participated, aged 45 ±9.6 years with 41% women.Result: Ninety-one percent of the musicians reported pain during the last 12 months; 80% at more than one site. For both men and women the most frequently reported problem within the last year was neck pain (figure 1). While 96% of the musicians had a seated work posture all or most of the time in the orchestra, work posture was more diverse while practicing alone (figure 2). In total 73% (for females 67%; for males 77%) of the musicians fulfilled the Nordic recommendations for physical activity. Binominal logistic regressions including pain prevalence during last 12 months and gender, work posture, and physical activity were significant for hip pain (p=0.020) with gender (Odds ratio 4.9, p=0.007) as significant predictor, and knee pain (p=0.035) with work posture (Odds ratio 0.517, p=0.046) as significant predictor.Conclusion: In harmony with previous studies [1-2], the majority of the examined orchestra musicians experienced pain at some time point during a year. While almost all musicians play in a sitting position during orchestra rehearsals and concerts, playing posture varied more when practicing alone. Regression models including gender, work posture and physical activity revealed that 1) women were more prone to hip pain compared to men, 2) an association between knee pain and standing posture, while 3) no impact was found for physical activity in these preliminary results.
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