| 1. |
- Bentham, James, et al.
(författare)
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A century of trends in adult human height
- 2016
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Ingår i: eLIFE. - : eLife Sciences Publications Ltd. - 2050-084X. ; 5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Being taller is associated with enhanced longevity, and higher education and earnings. We reanalysed 1472 population-based studies, with measurement of height on more than 18.6 million participants to estimate mean height for people born between 1896 and 1996 in 200 countries. The largest gain in adult height over the past century has occurred in South Korean women and Iranian men, who became 20.2 cm (95% credible interval 17.5–22.7) and 16.5 cm (13.3– 19.7) taller, respectively. In contrast, there was little change in adult height in some sub-Saharan African countries and in South Asia over the century of analysis. The tallest people over these 100 years are men born in the Netherlands in the last quarter of 20th century, whose average heights surpassed 182.5 cm, and the shortest were women born in Guatemala in 1896 (140.3 cm; 135.8– 144.8). The height differential between the tallest and shortest populations was 19-20 cm a century ago, and has remained the same for women and increased for men a century later despite substantial changes in the ranking of countries.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Birk, Wolfgang, et al.
(författare)
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Interactive modeling and visualization of complex processes in pulp and paper making
- 2010
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper discusses a new approach to interactive modeling, visualization and analysis of complex industrial processes. A theoretical framework based on signal flow graphs for modeling and visualization is presented. Using this framework a software tool is designed, called ProMoVis, which can be used to model a process, to visualize the models together with process construction and control system, and to perform analysis regarding e.g. feasible control strategies for the process. Moreover, a case study is conducted, where ProMoVis is used to model, visualize and analyze a stock preparation plant. The results indicate that the proposed methods and tools improve work flows, increase process understanding and simplify decision making on control strategies for complex process.
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| 4. |
- Bylesjö, Max, et al.
(författare)
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Integrated analysis of transcript, protein and metabolite data to study lignin biosynthesis in hybrid aspen
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of Proteome Research. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1535-3893 .- 1535-3907. ; 8:1, s. 199-210
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Tree biotechnology will soon reach a mature state where it will influence the overall supply of fiber, energy and wood products. We are now ready to make the transition from identifying candidate genes, controlling important biological processes, to discovering the detailed molecular function of these genes on a broader, more holistic, systems biology level. In this paper, a strategy is outlined for informative data generation and integrated modeling of systematic changes in transcript, protein and metabolite profiles measured from hybrid aspen samples. The aim is to study characteristics of common changes in relation to genotype-specific perturbations affecting the lignin biosynthesis and growth. We show that a considerable part of the systematic effects in the system can be tracked across all platforms and that the approach has a high potential value in functional characterization of candidate genes.
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| 5. |
- Bäckström, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Luftspolning av tryckavloppsledningar för bekämpning av svavelväte
- 2010
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Luftspolning av tryckavloppsledningar har utprovats som ett alternativ för att förhindra svavelvätebildning i avloppsnätet. Syftet med luftspolningen är att tömma tryckledningen på spillvatten och på detta sätt förkorta uppehållstiden samtidigt som de sulfidbildande mikroorganismerna i ledningen får ett betydligt tuffare liv. Fullskaleförsök visar att luftspolning är ett realistiskt och fungerande alternativ för bekämpning av svavelväte i avloppsnät. Luftspolningstekniken har dock sina begränsningar, som då tryckavloppsledningen har tydliga höjdpunkter och svackor.
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| 6. |
- Chirumalla, Koteshwar, Associate Professor, et al.
(författare)
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Enabling battery circularity : Unlocking circular business model archetypes and collaboration forms in the electric vehicle battery ecosystem
- 2024
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Ingår i: Technological forecasting & social change. - : Elsevier Inc.. - 0040-1625 .- 1873-5509. ; 199
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Achieving battery circularity is crucial for meeting the targets of net-zero emission vehicles by 2030 and enabling climate-neutral transportation by 2050. To facilitate this transition, firms operating in the electric vehicle (EV) battery ecosystem must reassess their value creation, capture, and delivery methods. Although EV battery second life presents a promising solution for circularity, many vehicle manufacturers and stakeholders in the battery ecosystem struggle to adapt their organizations internally and externally due to a lack of insights into suitable circular business models. The purpose of this study is to identify viable archetypes of circular business models for EV battery second life and examine their implications on company collaborations within the EV battery ecosystem. Three main archetypes of circular business models are identified (i.e., extending, sharing, and looping business models) and further divided into eight sub-archetypes. These models are elucidated in terms of key business model dimensions, including value proposition, value co-creation, value delivery, and value capture. The paper provides visual representations of the necessary interactions and collaborations among companies in the EV battery ecosystem to effectively implement the proposed business model archetypes. This research contributes to the theory of circular business models in general, with specific relevance to EV battery circularity.
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| 7. |
- Ericsson, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
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Towards automatic detection of local bearing defects in rotating machines
- 2005
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Ingår i: Mechanical systems and signal processing. - : Elsevier BV. - 0888-3270 .- 1096-1216. ; 19:3, s. 509-535
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper we derive and compare several different vibration analysis techniques for automatic detection of local defects in bearings. Based on a signal model and a discussion on to what extent a good bearing monitoring method should trust it, we present several analysis tools for bearing condition monitoring and conclude that wavelets are especially well suited for this task. Then we describe a large-scale evaluation of several different automatic bearing monitoring methods using 103 laboratory and industrial environment test signals for which the true condition of the bearing is known from visual inspection. We describe the four best performing methods in detail (two wavelet-based, and two based on envelope and periodisation techniques). In our basic implementation, without using historical data or adapting the methods to (roughly) known machine or signal parameters, the four best methods had 9-13% error rate and are all good candidates for further fine-tuning and optimisation. Especially for the wavelet-based methods, there are several potentially performance improving additions, which we finally summarise into a guiding list of suggestion.
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| 8. |
- Grönlund, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Performance of an Experimental Wastewater Treatment High-Rate Algal Pond in Subarctic Climate
- 2010
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Ingår i: Water environment research. - 1061-4303 .- 1554-7531. ; 82:9, s. 830-839
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A pilot-scale experimental high-rate algal pond (HRAP) was investigated in the subarctic mid-Sweden region, at latitude 63°N. During autumn 2002, conditions included temperatures below 10°C and photosynthetic active radiation below 200 µE/m2·s. Biochemical oxygen demand was reduced by approximately 90% (approximately 40 g/m3), chemical oxygen demand by 65% (approximately 80 g/m3), total phosphorus by 20% (approximately 1 g/m3), and total nitrogen by 46% (approximately 15 g/m3), at a retention time of approximately 2.5 days. During autumn 2003, the performance of the HRAP appeared better with a more dense microalgae culture; however, as a result of poor settling of the microalgae, the reduction was considerably lower. A major difference between the years was the microalgae composition. In 2002, the large green algae Coelastrum dominated with Chlamydomonas, Scenedesmus, Lagerheimia, and the Cryptophyte Rhodomonas. In 2003, there was a total dominance of the very small green algae Chlorella, known to be difficult to settle. In batch growth experiments during spring 2002, doubling times of 4 to 6 days were achieved. The period of temperatures above 10°C and an insolation of more than approximately 270 uE/m2·s (125 Langleys), which is well-documented as appropriate for HRAP function (Oswald, 1988a, 1988c), were measured to last for 4 to 4.5 months from early May to late September. However, the growth and treatment performance experiments indicated that a longer season may be possible—6.5 to 7 months, at best—from early April to late October.
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| 9. |
- Grönlund, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Seasonal microalgae variation in a subarctic wastewater stabilization pond using chemcial precipitation
- 2004
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Ingår i: Vatten. - 0042-2886. ; 60:4, s. 239-249
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Surface water microalgae samples were collected during the ice-free period in a small subarctic wastewater stabilization pond system, complemented with chemical precipitation during the winter period (fellingsdam), and serving 310 persons. In the primary pond microalgae dominance alternated between the Cryptophyte Cryptomonas and green algae (Chlorophyta). In the second and third pond the general pattern was that Cryptomonas dominated during summer but was replaced by green algae in autumn and the following spring. Estimations of the microalgae part of the effluent COD and phosphorus showed that microalgae dominated these parameters for only 3-4 weeks of 12 evaluated. This does not support the reasoning behind the European Union directive of the use of filtered samples for effluent BOD, COD and SS from stabilization ponds, in contrast to other wastewater treatment methods. The reasons behind the EU's procedure for ponds are based on the assumption that stabilization ponds convert "sewage BOD" to "algal BOD". The results of this study suggest that further investigations of the microalgae function in subarctic wastewater stabilization ponds and fellingsdams should be conducted, before implementing the EC directive into Swedish law, or into similar laws in other countries with subarctic regions.
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| 10. |
- Mårtensson, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
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Are avalanche courses the new high-risk sport? : Use of Sensation Seeking Scale in Avalanche Education Highlights the Need for Reassessment of Participants’ True Nature and Suggests that the Test Itself Can Serve as a Learning Tool
- 2018
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In a perfect world, the risk of dying in an avalanche should decrease with knowledge. On the contrary, studies have shown that this risk might increase after an avalanche course. Could it be that par- ticipants from the beginning have an appetite for risks? If so, how high is this preference for risk-taking? Can such knowledge of personal risk preference be used to help the participants understand their own risk-taking? A majority of avalanche accidents are caused by the victim itself, but few studies have inves- tigated the personal disposition of risk-taking. This risk preference can be estimated by measuring sensa- tion seeking. Sensation Seeking Scale (SSS) is a psychometric tool and has been used in studies of high- risk sports such as skiing, parachuting, diving or climbing. During two winters the SSS test was used on Swedish avalanche courses, a total of 333 participants completed the test. The instructors also used the test results in a risk-taking module where participants reflected on their personal risk preferences. Results show that sensation seeking is relatively high among participants. The total average is 21.9 (SD 5.1), which is in line with high-risk sports. Another result is that both participants and instructors experience the test as an important and appreciated module. The conclusions are partly that avalanche courses should be regarded as a high-risk sport because the participants have high-risk preferences, partly that the SSS test itself serves as a learning tool for self-reflection and increased understanding of the participants’ own risk-taking.
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