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- Carey, V., et al.
(författare)
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Adaptive finite element solution of coupled PDE-ODE systems
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- We consider an implicit / explicit method for solving a semilinear parabolic partial differential equation (PDE) coupled to a set of nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODEs). More specifically the PDE of interest is the heat equation where the right hand side couple with the ODEs. For this system, a posteriori error estimates are derived using the method of dual-weighted residuals giving indicators useful for constructing adaptive algorithms. We distinguish the errors in time and space for the PDE and the ODEs separately and include errors due to transferring the solutions between the equations. In addition, since the ODEs in many applications are defined on a much smaller spatial scale than what can be resolved by the finite element discretization for the PDE, the error terms include possible projection errors arising when transferring the global PDE solution onto the local ODEs. Recovery errors due to passing the local ODE solutions to the PDE are also included in this analysis. The method is illustrated on a realistic problem consisting of a semilinear PDE and a set of nonlinear ODEs modeling the electrical activity in the heart. The method is computationally expensive, why an adaptive algorithm using blocks is used.
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| 5. |
- Gloger, Marleen, et al.
(författare)
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Spatio-temporal control of lymphatic endothelial cell proliferation during embryonic development
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Cell proliferation is central to proper formation of functional and healthy organs. During embryogenesis, lymphatic vessels are derived from progenitor pools that undergo cell proliferation to ensure the emergence of the accurate lymphatic cell number. Altered lymphatic endothelial cell (LEC) proliferation can lead to vessel hypo- or hyperplasia, which is the underlying basis of lymphoedema. Currently, there is no cure for these diseases. Although Vegfc-Vegfr3 (Flt4) signalling has been uncovered as the apical mitogenic pathway in LEC proliferation, there is a knowledge-gap of whether this pathway induces the basic cell cycle machinery or if other lymphatic lineage-specific components exist to regulate cell proliferation. Current studies showed, that in ddx21 mutants specifically LEC emergence and proliferation upon Vegfc-Vegfr3 signalling appears to be disrupted; whereas venous endothelial cell (VEC) proliferation and venous intersegmental vessel formation was unaffected. This suggests that there might be a lineage-specific molecular code that ensures tightly regulated LEC proliferation. To determine how proliferation contributes to lymphatic development, we have performed a time-course analysis and quantification of the total number of venous endothelial cells (VECs) and LECs in the whole zebrafish. This revealed three crucial time points where VEC and LEC cell number expansion takes place during larval stages of developmental. Detailed analysis for VECs and LECs confirmed that this was specific to all lymphatic beds developing at these time points. Using 5-ethynyl-2-deoxyuridine (EdU), we confirmed that the expansion of the LEC number is due to active proliferation. Analysis of the VEC and LEC single-cell RNA (scRNA) sequencing data identified novel molecular factors regulating LEC proliferation. Suggesting that this LEC lineage-specific proliferation gene signature acts in conjunction with the basic cell cycle machinery and regulates lymphatic vessel development in a spatio-temporal controlled manner. We believe that this study provides knowledge that will be highly relevant for understanding the basis of lymphoedema.
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| 6. |
- Johansson, Bjarne, et al.
(författare)
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Kubernetes Orchestration of High Availability Distributed Control Systems
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Distributed control systems transform with the Industry 4.0 paradigm shift. A mesh-like, network-centric topologyreplaces the traditional controller-centered architecture, enforcing the interest of cloud-, fog-, and edge-computing, where lightweight container-based virtualization is a cornerstone. Kubernetes is a well-known container management system for container orchestration in cloud computing. It is gaining traction inedge- and fog-computing due to its elasticity and failure recovery properties. Orchestrator failure recovery can complement the manual replacement of a failed controller and, combined with controller redundancy, provide a pseudo-one-out-of-many redundancy. This paper investigates the failure recovery performance obtained from an out-of-the-box Kubernetes installation in a distributed control system scenario. We describe a Kubernetes based virtualized controller architecture and the software needed to setup a bare-metal cluster for control systems. Further, we deploy single and redundant configured containerized controllers based on an OPC UA compatible industry middleware software on the bare-metal cluster. The controllers expose variables with OPCUA PubSub. A script-based daemon introduces node failures, and a verification controller measures the downtime when using Kubernetes with an industry redundancy solution
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| 7. |
- Klaric, Lucija, et al.
(författare)
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Mendelian randomisation identifies alternative splicing of the FAS death receptor as a mediator of severe COVID-19.
- 2021
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Ingår i: medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences. - : Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory. ; , s. 1-28
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Severe COVID-19 is characterised by immunopathology and epithelial injury. Proteomic studies have identified circulating proteins that are biomarkers of severe COVID-19, but cannot distinguish correlation from causation. To address this, we performed Mendelian randomisation (MR) to identify proteins that mediate severe COVID-19. Using protein quantitative trait loci (pQTL) data from the SCALLOP consortium, involving meta-analysis of up to 26,494 individuals, and COVID-19 genome-wide association data from the Host Genetics Initiative, we performed MR for 157 COVID-19 severity protein biomarkers. We identified significant MR results for five proteins: FAS, TNFRSF10A, CCL2, EPHB4 and LGALS9. Further evaluation of these candidates using sensitivity analyses and colocalization testing provided strong evidence to implicate the apoptosis-associated cytokine receptor FAS as a causal mediator of severe COVID-19. This effect was specific to severe disease. Using RNA-seq data from 4,778 individuals, we demonstrate that the pQTL at the FAS locus results from genetically influenced alternate splicing causing skipping of exon 6. We show that the risk allele for very severe COVID-19 increases the proportion of transcripts lacking exon 6, and thereby increases soluble FAS. Soluble FAS acts as a decoy receptor for FAS-ligand, inhibiting apoptosis induced through membrane-bound FAS. In summary, we demonstrate a novel genetic mechanism that contributes to risk of severe of COVID-19, highlighting a pathway that may be a promising therapeutic target.
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- Nutt, A, et al.
(författare)
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Progress curves - A mean for functional classification of cellulases
- 1998
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Ingår i: EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY. - : SPRINGER VERLAG. ; 258:1
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The chain-end preference and processivity of the cellulases 1,4-beta-D-glucan-cellobiohydrolase I (CBHI) and 1,4-beta-D-glucan-cellobiohydrolase II (CBH II) from Trichoderma reesei and 1,4-beta-D-glucan-cellobiohydrolase 50 (CBH 50) and 1,4-beta-D-glucan
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