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- Regland, Björn, 1947, et al.
(author)
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Treatment of Alzheimer's disease with clioquinol.
- 2001
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In: Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders. - 1420-8008. ; 12:6, s. 408-14
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- As heavy metal ions may be implicated in the formation of senile plaques in Alzheimer-afflicted brains, treatment with clioquinol was tested in 20 patients with Alzheimer's disease. Clioquinol is a chelator that crosses the blood-brain barrier and has greater affinity for zinc and copper ions than for calcium and magnesium ions. Treatment was given for 21 days at doses of 20 mg/day to 10 patients and 80 mg/day to another 10 patients. The study was blind to the dosages but included no controls. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) investigations revealed a significant increase at day 7 and a decrease at day 21 in Tau protein and growth-associated protein (GAP43). These proteins are increased in Alzheimer's disease and considered as rather stable markers. The initial increase may indicate a temporary cytotoxicity to the brain and/or an increased release into the CSF from stores in the tissue, possibly from senile plaques where the proteins are accumulated. The levels of CSF-Tau protein correlated positively and significantly with the serum levels of copper and also with the serum copper/zinc ratio. Clinical ratings showed slight improvement after 3 weeks treatment with clioquinol in this open study.
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- Zetterberg, Henrik, 1973, et al.
(author)
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Neurochemical aftermath of amateur boxing
- 2006
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In: ARCHIVES OF NEUROLOGY. - : American Medical Association (AMA). - 0003-9942. ; 63:9, s. 1277-1280
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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