| 1. |
- Mishra, A, et al.
(författare)
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Diminishing benefits of urban living for children and adolescents' growth and development
- 2023
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Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1476-4687 .- 0028-0836. ; 615:7954, s. 874-883
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Optimal growth and development in childhood and adolescence is crucial for lifelong health and well-being1–6. Here we used data from 2,325 population-based studies, with measurements of height and weight from 71 million participants, to report the height and body-mass index (BMI) of children and adolescents aged 5–19 years on the basis of rural and urban place of residence in 200 countries and territories from 1990 to 2020. In 1990, children and adolescents residing in cities were taller than their rural counterparts in all but a few high-income countries. By 2020, the urban height advantage became smaller in most countries, and in many high-income western countries it reversed into a small urban-based disadvantage. The exception was for boys in most countries in sub-Saharan Africa and in some countries in Oceania, south Asia and the region of central Asia, Middle East and north Africa. In these countries, successive cohorts of boys from rural places either did not gain height or possibly became shorter, and hence fell further behind their urban peers. The difference between the age-standardized mean BMI of children in urban and rural areas was <1.1 kg m–2 in the vast majority of countries. Within this small range, BMI increased slightly more in cities than in rural areas, except in south Asia, sub-Saharan Africa and some countries in central and eastern Europe. Our results show that in much of the world, the growth and developmental advantages of living in cities have diminished in the twenty-first century, whereas in much of sub-Saharan Africa they have amplified.
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| 2. |
- Andersson, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Ambio fit for the 2020s
- 2022
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Ingår i: Ambio. - : Springer Nature. - 0044-7447 .- 1654-7209. ; 51:5, s. 1091-1093
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Matilla-Santander, N., et al.
(författare)
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COVID-19 and Precarious Employment : Consequences of the Evolving Crisis
- 2021
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Ingår i: International Journal of Health Services. - : Sage Publications. - 0020-7314 .- 1541-4469. ; 5:2, s. 226-228
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The world of work is facing an ongoing pandemic and an economic downturn with severe effects worldwide. Workers trapped in precarious employment (PE), both formal and informal, are among those most affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. Here we call attention to at least 5 critical ways that the consequences of the crisis among workers in PE will be felt globally: (a) PE will increase, (b) workers in PE will become more precarious, (c) workers in PE will face unemployment without being officially laid off, (d) workers in PE will be exposed to serious stressors and dramatic life changes that may lead to a rise in diseases of despair, and (e) PE might be a factor in deterring the control of or in generating new COVID-19 outbreaks. We conclude that what we really need is a new social contract, where the work of all workers is recognized and protected with adequate job contracts, employment security, and social protection in a new economy, both during and after the COVID-19 crisis.
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| 5. |
- Ho, Doris M.L., et al.
(författare)
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Overall approaches and experiences of first-time participants in the Nuclear Forensics International Technical Working Group’s Fourth Collaborative Material Exercise (CMX-4)
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0236-5731 .- 1588-2780. ; 315:2, s. 353-363
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Fourth Collaborative Material Exercise (CMX-4) of the Nuclear Forensics International Technical Working Group (ITWG) registered the largest participation for this exercise in nuclear forensics, with seven of the 17 laboratories participating for the first time. Each of the laboratories had their strategic role to play in its respective country, analyzing real-world samples using their in-house resources. The scenario was fictitious but was thoughtfully crafted to engage participants in nuclear forensic investigations. In this paper, participants from five of the first-time laboratories shared their individual experience in this exercise, from preparation to analysis of samples.
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| 6. |
- Hesslow, Thomas, et al.
(författare)
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Internet-delivered psychodynamic psychotherapy in the treatment of social anxiety disorder
- 2015
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Ingår i: Abstracts from the 7th Swedish Congress on internet interventions (SWEsrii). - Linköping : Linköping University Press. ; , s. 12-12
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Social anxiety disorder is one of the most common mental health disorders. Effective treatments exist, but limited access and high costs causes many sufferers to remain untreated. As not all patients accept the CBTmodel of psychopathology, alternative treatments are desirable. We conducted two studies to help establish the efficacy of a psychodynamic model of guided self-help (IPDT). In the first study (N=72) participants were randomized to either ten weeks of IPDT or a waiting list control condition. Mixed-effects models revealed a significant difference at post-treatment in favor of the treatment condition on the primary outcome measure, LSAS-SR, with a large effect size. Rates of remission were comparable to recent face-to-face trials, and improvements were maintained at 6- and 12-month follow-ups. The second study was a pilot preference study where the control group in study 1 chose either IPDT (N=23) or ICBT (N=13). Both treatments led to moderate improvements. Notably, both groups suffered an exacerbation of interpersonal symptoms at 6-month follow-up. In summary, the results suggest that IPDT is effective in the treatment of social anxiety, with effect sizes in the same range as ICBT and face-to-face psychotherapy.
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| 7. |
- Jonsson, Gustav, et al.
(författare)
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Integrating yoga with psychological group-treatment for mixed depression and anxiety in primary healthcare: An explorative pilot study
- 2020
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Ingår i: Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice. - : Elsevier. - 1744-3881 .- 1873-6947. ; 41
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and purpose: Yoga has shown promise as a treatment for depression and anxiety. The present pilot study investigated the feasibility of an eight-week grouptreatment integrating emotion-focused psychoeducation, compassion-focused therapy, and Virya yoga for depression and anxiety in primary healthcare.Materials and methods: Patients seeking treatment for depression and anxiety in a primary healthcare centre completed either an integrative group-treatment (N = 14) or treatment as usual (TAU, N = 17). Outcome measures were analysed pre- and posttreatment. Correlations in the intervention group were investigated between treatment outcomes and amount of yoga practice between sessions.Results: Large within-group effect sizes on all outcome measures were found at posttreatment. Symptom reduction did not differ between groups (p = 0.155). Improvement in alexithymia correlated significantly (p < 0.05) with amount of yoga practice between sessions.Conclusion: Integrating yoga with a psychological group-treatment is a somewhat feasible approach to treatment for depression and anxiety in primary healthcare.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Lindblad, S, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluering av forskningsprogrammene PRAKSISFOU og UTDANNING2020
- 2013
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- I fokus för denna utvärdering är omfattande satsningar – sammanlagt närmare 700 miljoner norska kronor – på forskning inom det utbildningsvetenskapliga området i Norge. Det är framförallt tre behov som pekas ut och som ska öka kvaliteten och genomslagskraften hos denna norska forskning, *att åtgärda skillnader i forskningskompetenser och forskningsresurser grundade i strukturella förhållanden inom högskolefältet i Norge med uppdelning i universitet, högskolor och institut *att utveckla praktikinriktad eller praxisrelevant forskning inom utbildningsområdet, då särskilt med tanke på lärarutbildningarnas och lärarprofessionens kunskapsbehov *att få till stånd högkvalitativ och internationellt inriktad forskning, då gärna med mång- eller tvärvetenskapliga karakteristika inom det utbildningsvetenskapliga fältet.
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