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| 2. |
- Antonov, A. N., et al.
(författare)
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The electron-ion scattering experiment ELISe at the International Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR)-A conceptual design study
- 2011
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Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment. - : Elsevier BV. - 0168-9002 .- 0167-5087. ; 637:1, s. 60-76
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The electron-ion scattering experiment ELISe is part of the installations envisaged at the new experimental storage ring at the International Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) in Darmstadt, Germany. It offers an unique opportunity to use electrons as probe in investigations of the structure of exotic nuclei. The conceptual design and the scientific challenges of ELISe are presented. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 3. |
- Shupe, M. D., et al.
(författare)
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Overview of the MOSAiC expedition : Atmosphere
- 2022
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Ingår i: Elementa. - : University of California Press. - 2325-1026. ; 10:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- With the Arctic rapidly changing, the needs to observe, understand, and model the changes are essential. To support these needs, an annual cycle of observations of atmospheric properties, processes, and interactions were made while drifting with the sea ice across the central Arctic during the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) expedition from October 2019 to September 2020. An international team designed and implemented the comprehensive program to document and characterize all aspects of the Arctic atmospheric system in unprecedented detail, using a variety of approaches, and across multiple scales. These measurements were coordinated with other observational teams to explore crosscutting and coupled interactions with the Arctic Ocean, sea ice, and ecosystem through a variety of physical and biogeochemical processes. This overview outlines the breadth and complexity of the atmospheric research program, which was organized into 4 subgroups: atmospheric state, clouds and precipitation, gases and aerosols, and energy budgets. Atmospheric variability over the annual cycle revealed important influences from a persistent large-scale winter circulation pattern, leading to some storms with pressure and winds that were outside the interquartile range of past conditions suggested by long-term reanalysis. Similarly, the MOSAiC location was warmer and wetter in summer than the reanalysis climatology, in part due to its close proximity to the sea ice edge. The comprehensiveness of the observational program for characterizing and analyzing atmospheric phenomena is demonstrated via a winter case study examining air mass transitions and a summer case study examining vertical atmospheric evolution. Overall, the MOSAiC atmospheric program successfully met its objectives and was the most comprehensive atmospheric measurement program to date conducted over the Arctic sea ice. The obtained data will support a broad range of coupled-system scientific research and provide an important foundation for advancing multiscale modeling capabilities in the Arctic.
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| 4. |
- Wendisch, M., et al.
(författare)
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Atmospheric and Surface Processes, and Feedback Mechanisms Determining Arctic Amplification: A Review of First Results and Prospects of the (AC)(3) Project
- 2023
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Ingår i: Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. - : American Meteorological Society. - 0003-0007 .- 1520-0477. ; 104:1, s. E208-E242
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mechanisms behind the phenomenon of Arctic amplification are widely discussed. To contribute to this debate, the (AC)(3) project was established in 2016 (www.ac3-tr.de/). It comprises modeling and data analysis efforts as well as observational elements. The project has assembled a wealth of ground-based, airborne, shipborne, and satellite data of physical, chemical, and meteorological properties of the Arctic atmosphere, cryosphere, and upper ocean that are available for the Arctic climate research community. Short-term changes and indications of long-term trends in Arctic climate parameters have been detected using existing and new data. For example, a distinct atmospheric moistening, an increase of regional storm activities, an amplified winter warming in the Svalbard and North Pole regions, and a decrease of sea ice thickness in the Fram Strait and of snow depth on sea ice have been identified. A positive trend of tropospheric bromine monoxide (BrO) column densities during polar spring was verified. Local marine/biogenic sources for cloud condensation nuclei and ice nucleating particles were found. Atmospheric-ocean and radiative transfer models were advanced by applying new parameterizations of surface albedo, cloud droplet activation, convective plumes and related processes over leads, and turbulent transfer coefficients for stable surface layers. Four modes of the surface radiative energy budget were explored and reproduced by simulations. To advance the future synthesis of the results, cross-cutting activities are being developed aiming to answer key questions in four focus areas: lapse rate feedback, surface processes, Arctic mixed-phase clouds, and airmass transport and transformation.
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| 5. |
- Shameer, S., et al.
(författare)
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TrypanoCyc: a community-led biochemical pathways database for Trypanosoma brucei
- 2015
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Ingår i: Nucleic Acids Research. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0305-1048 .- 1362-4962. ; 43:D1, s. D637-D644
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The metabolic network of a cell represents thecatabolic and anabolic reactions that interconvertsmall molecules (metabolites) through the activity ofenzymes, transporters and non-catalyzed chemicalreactions. Our understanding of individual metabolicnetworks is increasing as we learn more aboutthe enzymes that are active in particular cells underparticular conditions and as technologies advanceto allow detailed measurements of the cellularmetabolome. Metabolic network databases areof increasing importance in allowing us to contextualisedata sets emerging from transcriptomic,proteomic and metabolomic experiments. Here wepresent a dynamic database, TrypanoCyc (http://www.metexplore.fr/trypanocyc/), which describesthe generic and condition-specific metabolic networkof Trypanosoma brucei, a parasitic protozoan responsiblefor human and animal African trypanosomiasis.In addition to enabling navigation through the BioCyc-based TrypanoCyc interface, we have alsoimplemented a network-based representation of theinformation through MetExplore, yielding a novel environmentin which to visualise the metabolism ofthis important parasite.
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| 6. |
- Cawood, Peter A., et al.
(författare)
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Neoproterozoic to early Paleozoic extensional and compressional history of East Laurentian margin sequences : The Moine Supergroup, Scottish Caledonides
- 2015
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Ingår i: Geological Society of America Bulletin. - 0016-7606 .- 1943-2674. ; 127:3-4, s. 349-371
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Neoproterozoic siliciclastic-dominated sequences are widespread along the eastern margin of Laurentia and are related to rifting associated with the breakout of Laurentia from the supercontinent Rodinia. Detrital zircons from the Moine Supergroup, NW Scotland, yield Archean to early Neoproterozoic U-Pb ages, consistent with derivation from the Grenville-Sveconorwegian orogen and environs and accumulation post–1000 Ma. U-Pb zircon ages for felsic and associated mafic intrusions confirm a widespread pulse of extension-related magmatism at around 870 Ma. Pegmatites yielding U-Pb zircon ages between 830 Ma and 745 Ma constrain a series of deformation and metamorphic pulses related to Knoydartian orogenesis of the host Moine rocks. Additional U-Pb zircon and monazite data, and 40Ar/39Ar ages for pegmatites and host gneisses indicate high-grade metamorphic events at ca. 458–446 Ma and ca. 426 Ma during the Caledonian orogenic cycle.The presence of early Neoproterozoic siliciclastic sedimentation and deformation in the Moine and equivalent successions around the North Atlantic and their absence along strike in eastern North America reflect contrasting Laurentian paleogeography during the breakup of Rodinia. The North Atlantic realm occupied an external location on the margin of Laurentia, and this region acted as a locus for accumulation of detritus (Moine Supergroup and equivalents) derived from the Grenville-Sveconorwegian orogenic welt, which developed as a consequence of collisional assembly of Rodinia. Neoproterozoic orogenic activity corresponds with the inferred development of convergent plate-margin activity along the periphery of the supercontinent. In contrast in eastern North America, which lay within the internal parts of Rodinia, sedimentation did not commence until the mid-Neoproterozoic (ca. 760 Ma) during initial stages of supercontinent fragmentation. In the North Atlantic region, this time frame corresponds to a second pulse of extension represented by units such as the Dalradian Supergroup, which unconformably overlies the predeformed Moine succession.
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| 7. |
- Lytvynenko, Y., et al.
(författare)
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Control of the asymmetric band structure in Mn2Au by a ferromagnetic driver layer
- 2023
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Ingår i: Physical Review B. - 2469-9950 .- 2469-9969. ; 108:10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hard x-ray angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy reveals the momentum-resolved band structure in an epitaxial Mn2Au(001) film capped by a 2-nm-thick ferromagnetic permalloy layer. By magnetizing the permalloy capping layer, the exceptionally strong exchange bias aligns the Néel vector in the Mn2Au(001) film accordingly. Uncompensated interface Mn magnetic moments in Mn2Au were identified as the origin of the exchange bias using x-ray magnetic circular dichroism in combination with photoelectron emission microscopy. Using time-of-flight momentum microscopy, we measure the asymmetry of the band structure, E(k)≠E(-k), in Mn2Au resulting from the homogeneous orientation of the Néel vector. Comparison with theory shows that the Néel vector, determined by the magnetic moment of the top Mn layer, is antiparallel to the permalloy magnetization. The experimental results demonstrate that hard x-ray photoemission spectroscopy can measure the band structure of epitaxial layers beneath a metallic capping layer and corroborate the asymmetric band structure in Mn2Au that was previously inferred only indirectly.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Salles, J, et al.
(författare)
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Vitamin D status modulates mitochondrial oxidative capacities in skeletal muscle: role in sarcopenia
- 2022
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Ingår i: Communications biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2399-3642. ; 5:1, s. 1288-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Skeletal muscle mitochondrial function is the biggest component of whole-body energy output. Mitochondrial energy production during exercise is impaired in vitamin D-deficient subjects. In cultured myotubes, loss of vitamin D receptor (VDR) function decreases mitochondrial respiration rate and ATP production from oxidative phosphorylation. We aimed to examine the effects of vitamin D deficiency and supplementation on whole-body energy expenditure and muscle mitochondrial function in old rats, old mice, and human subjects. To gain further insight into the mechanisms involved, we used C2C12 and human muscle cells and transgenic mice with muscle-specific VDR tamoxifen-inducible deficiency. We observed that in vivo and in vitro vitamin D fluctuations changed mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative activity in skeletal muscle. Vitamin D supplementation initiated in older people improved muscle mass and strength. We hypothesize that vitamin D supplementation is likely to help prevent not only sarcopenia but also sarcopenic obesity in vitamin D-deficient subjects.
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