| 1. |
- Alves, P., et al.
(författare)
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Pressure ulcers during the COVID-19 pandemic in intensive care:A multicenter cohort study
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of Tissue Viability. - : Tissue Viability Society. - 0965-206X.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: The objective of the present study is twofold: to describe the prevalence and incidence of pressure ulcers (PUs) among ICU patients during the COVID-19 pandemic, and to identify the risk factors associated with the development of PUs in this cohort of ICU patients. Materials and methods: Retrospective cohort study of adult critical care patients admitted in two general ICUs of two different countries (Sweden and Portugal) between March 1st, 2020, and April 30th, 2021, through the analysis of the electronic health record database. The prevalence and incidence were calculated, and a multivariate logistic-regression model was used to calculate odds ratios (ORs), of possible risk factors of PU development. Results: The sample consisted of 1717 patients. The overall prevalence of PU was 15.3 %, and the incidence of ICU-acquired PUs was 14.1 %. Most of the pressure ulcers documented in this study were at the anterior part of the body (45.35 %) and regarding classification, Category 2 (38.40 %) and Category 3 (22.71 %) pressure ulcers together accounted for over fifty percent of the cases recorded. In the multivariate logistic regression model for PU, age, having COVID-19 (OR = 1.58, 95 % CI: 1.20–2.09), use of mechanical ventilation (OR = 1.49, 95 % CI: 1.13 = 1.97), use of vasopressors (OR = 1.31, 95 % CI: 1.00–1.70), having a Braden risk score ≤16 at admission (OR = 1.63; 95 % CI: 1.04–2.56), and length of stay (LOS) (OR = 1.43, 95 % CI 1.03–2.00 if LOS 90–260 h, OR = 2.34, 95 % CI: 1.63–3.35 if LOS >260 h) were associated with the likelihood of developing an ICU-acquired PUs. Conclusion: When adjusted for covariates patients with COVID-19 had a higher risk for PU development during the ICU stay compared to patients without COVID-19. Health care personnel in ICU may consider incorporating COVID-19, age, use of mechanical ventilation, vasopressors and estimated LOS in addition to a comprehensive risk assessment including both a risk score and clinical assessment. © 2024 Tissue Viability Society / Society of Tissue Viability
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| 2. |
- Axelsson, L., et al.
(författare)
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Study of the unbound nucleus 11N by elastic resonance scattering
- 1996
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Ingår i: Physical Review C (Nuclear Physics). - 0556-2813 .- 2469-9985 .- 2469-9993. ; 54:4, s. 1511-1514
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Resonances in the unbound nucleus 11N have been studied, using the resonance scattering reaction 10C+p. The data give evidence for three states above the 10C+p threshold with energies 1.30, 2.04, and 3.72 MeV. These states can be interpreted, in a potential-model analysis, as the ground state and the first two excited states with spin-parity 1 / 2+, 1 / 2-, and 5 / 2+ arising from the shell-model orbitals 1s1 / 2, 0p1 / 2, and 0d5 / 2. A narrow state superposed on a broad structure found at higher energy could be interpreted as the mirror state of the 3 / 2- in 11Be shifted down in energy. This shift would suggest a large radius of the potential.
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| 3. |
- Kubin, Markus, et al.
(författare)
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Cr L-Edge X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy of CrIII(acac)3 in Solution with Measured and Calculated Absolute Absorption Cross Sections
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Physical Chemistry B. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1520-6106 .- 1520-5207. ; 122:29, s. 7375-7384
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- X-ray absorption spectroscopy at the L-edge of 3d transition metals is widely used for probing the valence electronic structure at the metal site via 2p–3d transitions. Assessing the information contained in L-edge absorption spectra requires systematic comparison of experiment and theory. We here investigate the Cr L-edge absorption spectrum of high-spin chromium acetylacetonate CrIII(acac)3 in solution. Using a transmission flatjet enables determining absolute absorption cross sections and spectra free from X-ray-induced sample damage. We address the challenges of measuring Cr L absorption edges spectrally close to the O K absorption edge of the solvent. We critically assess how experimental absorption cross sections can be used to extract information on the electronic structure of the studied system by comparing our results of this CrIII (3d3) complex to our previous work on L-edge absorption cross sections of MnIII(acac)3 (3d4) and MnII(acac)2 (3d5). Considering our experimental uncertainties, the most insightful experimental observable for this d3(CrIII)–d4(MnIII)–d5(MnII) series is the L-edge branching ratio, and we discuss it in comparison to semiempirical multiplet theory and ab initio restricted active space calculations. We further discuss and analyze trends in integrated absorption cross sections and correlate the spectral shapes with the local electronic structure at the metal sites.
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| 4. |
- Kubin, Markus, et al.
(författare)
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Direct Determination of Absolute Absorption Cross Sections at the L-Edge of Dilute Mn Complexes in Solution Using a Transmission Flatjet
- 2018
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Ingår i: Inorganic Chemistry. - : AMER CHEMICAL SOC. - 0020-1669 .- 1520-510X. ; 57:9, s. 5449-5462
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The 3d transition metals play a pivotal role in many charge transfer processes in catalysis and biology. X-ray absorption spectroscopy at the L-edge of metal sites probes metal 2p–3d excitations, providing key access to their valence electronic structure, which is crucial for understanding these processes. We report L-edge absorption spectra of MnII(acac)2 and MnIII(acac)3 complexes in solution, utilizing a liquid flatjet for X-ray absorption spectroscopy in transmission mode. With this, we derive absolute absorption cross-sections for the L-edge transitions with peak magnitudes as large as 12 and 9 Mb for MnII(acac)2 and MnIII(acac)3, respectively. We provide insight into the electronic structure with ab initio restricted active space calculations of these L-edge transitions, reproducing the experimental spectra with excellent agreement in terms of shapes, relative energies, and relative intensities for the two complexes. Crystal field multiplet theory is used to assign spectral features in terms of the electronic structure. Comparison to charge transfer multiplet calculations reveals the importance of charge transfer in the core-excited final states. On the basis of our experimental observations, we extrapolate the feasibility of 3d transition metal L-edge absorption spectroscopy using the liquid flatjet approach in probing highly dilute biological solution samples and possible extensions to table-top soft X-ray sources.
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| 5. |
- Kunnus, Kristjan, et al.
(författare)
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Vibrational wavepacket dynamics in Fe carbene photosensitizer determined with femtosecond X-ray emission and scattering
- 2020
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Nature. - 2041-1723. ; 11:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The non-equilibrium dynamics of electrons and nuclei govern the function of photoactive materials. Disentangling these dynamics remains a critical goal for understanding photoactive materials. Here we investigate the photoinduced dynamics of the [Fe(bmip)2]2+ photosensitizer, where bmip = 2,6-bis(3-methyl-imidazole-1-ylidine)-pyridine, with simultaneous femtosecond-resolution Fe Kα and Kβ X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES) and X-ray solution scattering (XSS). This measurement shows temporal oscillations in the XES and XSS difference signals with the same 278 fs period oscillation. These oscillations originate from an Fe-ligand stretching vibrational wavepacket on a triplet metal-centered (3MC) excited state surface. This 3MC state is populated with a 110 fs time constant by 40% of the excited molecules while the rest relax to a 3MLCT excited state. The sensitivity of the Kα XES to molecular structure results from a 0.7% average Fe-ligand bond length shift between the 1 s and 2p core-ionized states surfaces.
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