| 1. |
- Holmlund, A., et al.
(författare)
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Soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 is related to endothelial vasodilatory function in healthy individuals
- 2002
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Ingår i: Atherosclerosis. - 0021-9150 .- 1879-1484. ; 165:2, s. 271-276
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To investigate the associations between markers of systemic and vascular inflammation, and indicators of vascular morphology and function. METHODS: In 59 apparently healthy individuals, we measured serum levels of highly sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and E-selectin. Endothelium-dependent (EDV) and -independent (EIDV) vasodilatation was evaluated in the forearm by venous occlusion plethysmography and local infusions of methacholine and sodium nitroprussid. Endothelial function index (EFI) was expressed as the EDV/EIDV ratio. The intima-media thickness (IMT) of the common carotid artery was investigated with ultrasound (far wall). RESULTS: EFI was inversely related only to ICAM-1 (r=-0.31, P<0.02) by univariate analysis. This association remained significant after adjustment for age, sex, blood pressure, smoking and serum cholesterol. EFI did not relate to hsCRP, VCAM-1 or E-selectin. Neither hsCRP, nor the adhesion molecules were significantly related to carotid artery IMT. CONCLUSION: ICAM-1 was related to endothelial vasodilatory function, but not to IMT, suggesting that endothelial inflammatory activation is related to an impaired vascular relaxation in apparently healthy individuals.
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| 2. |
- Lind, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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Endothelium-dependent vasodilatation in treated and untreated hypertensive subjects
- 1999
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Ingår i: Blood Pressure. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0803-7051 .- 1651-1999. ; 8:3, s. 158-164
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It has repeatedly been shown that endothelium-dependent vasodilatation (EDV) is impaired in patients with untreated hypertension. The effect of antihypertensive treatment on EDV has, however, not been extensively investigated. In the present study, EDV and endothelium-independent vasodilatation (EIDV) were studied in 20 untreated and 41 treated hypertensive subjects and in 26 matched, normotensive controls by means of infusion of methacholine (MCh), 2 and 4 microg/min, evaluating EDV, and nitroprusside (SNP), 5 and 10 microg/min, evaluating EIDV, in the brachial artery. Forearm blood flow (FBF) was measured by venous occlusion plethysmography. The vasodilatory action of MCh was impaired in untreated hypertensives compared with controls, with the response in the treated hypertensives in between the other two groups (p < 0.01 vs both of the other groups). EIDV, on the other hand, was enhanced in the treated hypertensives (p < 0.01), so that the MCh to SNP FBF ratio, an index of endothelial function, was attenuated in both treated and untreated hypertensives (0.97 +/- 0.24 and 0.96 +/- 0.15, respectively), compared with controls (1.27 +/- 0.29, p < 0.001). Both EDV and EIDV declined with increasing number of antihypertensive drugs used in the treated hypertensives (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the endothelial function index was found to be similarly depressed in both treated and untreated hypertensive subjects compared with normotensive controls. Antihypertensive therapy seems to improve the vasodilatory capacity in general rather than enhancing endothelial function.
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| 3. |
- Lind, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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Endothelium-dependent vasodilation and structural and functional changes in the cardiovascular system are dependent on age in healthy subjects
- 1999
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Ingår i: Clinical Physiology. - : Wiley. - 0144-5979 .- 1365-2281. ; 19:5, s. 400-409
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to evaluate possible associations between endothelium-dependent vasodilatation (EDV) and cardiovascular structure and function. EDV could influence peripheral resistance and be affected by atherosclerosis and might thereby influence indices of cardiovascular structure and function. In a group of 31 apparently healthy men and 25 women (age range 20-69 years), EDV was evaluated by infusion of metacholine (4 micrograms min-1), and endothelium-independent vasodilatation (EIDV) was assessed by nitroprusside infusion (SNP, 10 micrograms min-1) in the brachial artery. Forearm blood flow (FBF) was measured by venous occlusion plethysmography. Left ventricular (LV) geometry and function and the intima-media thickness in the carotid artery were assessed by ultrasonography. The stroke index to pulse pressure ratio was used to evaluate arterial compliance. Several indices of cardiovascular structure and function were found to be related to an index of endothelial function, the EDV to EIDV ratio. Furthermore, left ventricular mass (LVM), the atrio-ventricular plane displacement, E/A ratio, IVRT, the intima-media thickness of the carotid artery and arterial compliance were all significantly related to both EDV and EIDV in women. However, most indices of cardiovascular structure and function, as well as endothelial function, change with age and only the relation between LV diastolic function and endothelial function in men remained significant (P < 0.05) after including age in multiple regression analysis. Age was related to both cardiovascular structure and function, as well as to endothelial function. Multiple regression analysis showed that ageing generally affects cardiovascular characteristics and endothelial function in parallel in these healthy subjects.
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| 4. |
- Lind, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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Endothelium-dependent vasodilation is impaired in apparently healthy subjects with a family history of myocardial infarction
- 2002
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Ingår i: Journal of Cardiovascular Risk. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1350-6277 .- 1473-5652. ; 9:1, s. 53-57
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether endothelial-dependent vasodilation is altered in healthy subjects with a family history of myocardial infarction. SETTING: Tertiary University Hospital SUBJECTS AND DESIGN: Fifty apparently healthy subjects selected from the general population were subjected to an evaluation of endothelial-dependent vasodilation (EDV) and endothelial-independent vasodilation (EIDV) by means of local infusion of methacholine (MCh, 2 and 4 microg/min) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP, 5 and 10 microg/min) with measurements of forearm blood flow with venous occlusion plethysmography. The occurrence of plaque and the intima-media thickness of the carotid arteries were determined by ultrasonography. RESULTS: Subjects reporting at least one parent suffering from myocardial infarction (n = 11) showed a significantly lower EDV than subjects without such a family history (21 +/- 3.7 vs. 26 +/- 6.7 ml/min/100 ml tissue at MCh 4 microg/min, P<0.05). EIDV was not significantly different between the groups (21 +/- 6.8 vs. 18 +/- 5.4 ml/min/100 ml tissue at SNP 10 microg/min). Age, sex distribution, body mass index, waist to hip ratio, blood pressure, lipids, fasting blood glucose, smoking habits and status of the carotid arteries were not significantly different between the groups. CONCLUSION: A family history of myocardial infarction was found to be associated with an impaired endothelial-dependent vasodilation in the forearm of apparently healthy subjects. The risk factor profile was not different from the control group, suggesting that genetic factors are responsible for the impaired endothelial-dependent vasodilation.
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| 5. |
- Millgård, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
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Left ventricular hypertrophy is associated with an attenuated endothelium-dependent vasodilation in hypertensive men
- 2000
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Ingår i: Blood Pressure. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0803-7051 .- 1651-1999. ; 9:6, s. 309-314
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To investigate the relationship between left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and endothelium-dependent vasodilation (EDV), 30 untreated hypertensive patients, 18 treated hypertensives (53 +/- 7 years, all males) and 26 age-and sex-matched healthy normotensive controls, underwent evaluation of EDV and endothelium-independent vasodilation (EIDV) in the forearm, by means of local intra-arterial infusions of methacholine (MCh, evaluating EDV) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP, evaluating EIDV). Forearm blood flow was measured by venous occlusion plethysmography and LVH was measured by echocardiography. The reduction in forearm vascular resistance during MCh infusion (4 microg/min) was significantly smaller in the hypertensive patients with LVH when compared to those without LVH, both in the untreated (-61 +/- 12%, n = 19 vs -72 +/- 4%, n = 11, p < 0.01) and in the treated group (-60 +/- 15%, n = 11 vs -75 +/- 5%, n = 7, p < 0.01). Thereby, EDV was significantly impaired only in the hypertensive patients with LVH when compared to controls (-77 +/- 7% at MCh 4 microg/min, p < 0.001). EIDV was not significantly different between patients with and without LVH and controls. In conclusion, the presence of LVH was related to endothelial dysfunction, both in untreated and treated hypertensive patients, suggesting either a role for endothelial function in the development of LVH, or that a dysfunctional endothelium and LVH are coexisting markers of a more severe hypertensive disease.
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| 6. |
- Steer, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Cardiac and vascular structure and function are related to lipid peroxidation and metabolism
- 2002
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Ingår i: Lipids. - : Wiley. - 0024-4201 .- 1558-9307. ; 37:3, s. 231-236
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present study investigated possible relationships between left ventricular mass, intima-media thickness of the carotid artery (IMT), total arterial compliance, and lipid status in a population sample of 58 apparently healthy subjects aged 20 to 69. By stepwise multiple regression analysis, including age, blood pressure, and smoking, left ventricular mass index, measured by M-mode echocardiography, increased by 13.0 g/m2 for each 1 standard deviation (SD = 0.11 microM, r = 0.60, P< 0.01) increase in plasma malondialdehyde and 9.50 g/m2 per SD increase in plasma 8-iso-prostaglandin F2alpha in women only (SD = 8.88 ng/L, r = 0.44, P = 0.01). Each 1-SD (SD = 0.27 g/L) increase in apolipoprotein B was associated with a 63 microm increase in IMT (r = 0.47, P = 0.014) and a 0.27 mL/min/m2/mm Hg (r = -0.60, P < 0.01) decrease in stroke index/pulse pressure ratio, reflecting total arterial compliance in women. In men, each 1-SD increase in the proportion of stearic acid (18:0) in serum cholesterol esters (SD = 0.12 percent units) reduced the transmitral E/A ratio, measured by Doppler echocardiography, reflecting left ventricular diastolic function, by 0.10 units (r = -0.29, P < 0.05). Thus, important cardiovascular characteristics, such as left ventricular mass, left ventricular diastolic function, carotid IMT, and total arterial compliance, were independently predicted by indices of lipid metabolism and peroxidation in apparently healthy subjects.
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| 7. |
- von zur Mühlen, Bengt, et al.
(författare)
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Treatment with irbesartan or atenolol improves endothelial function in essential hypertension
- 2001
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Ingår i: Journal of Hypertension. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 0263-6352 .- 1473-5598. ; 19:10, s. 1813-1818
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: To investigate if antihypertensive treatment could improve endothelium-dependent vasodilatation in hypertensive patients, and whether the angiotensin II subtype-1 (AT1)-receptor antagonist irbesartan and the beta1-receptor antagonist atenolol would differ in this respect. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Thirty-four patients (28 men and six women) with mild-to-moderate essential hypertension (diastolic blood pressure 90-120 mmHg) were randomized to once daily 150-300 mg irbesartan or 50-100 mg atenolol in a double-blind fashion, preceded by a placebo run-in period. Forearm blood flow (FBF) was assessed by venous occlusion plethysmography during local intra-arterial infusions of methacholine and sodium nitroprusside, to evaluate endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent vasodilatation, respectively. Measurements of FBF were undertaken at the end of the run-in placebo period and repeated after 3 months of active antihypertensive treatment. RESULTS: Irbesartan and atenolol induced a similar decline in blood pressure (from 171/107 to 158/98 mmHg, P < 0.05), and improved endothelium-dependent vasodilatation (e.g. an increase in FBF response to 4 microg/min methacholine from 325 +/- 29% to 411 +/- 41%, P < 0.05), with no difference between the two study drugs. No significant changes in endothelium-independent vasodilatation were induced by irbesartan or by atenolol. CONCLUSIONS: The present study shows that 3 months of antihypertensive therapy with irbesartan or atenolol improves endothelium-dependent vasodilatation.
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