| 1. |
- Moberg, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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De unga gör helt rätt när de stämmer staten
- 2022
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Ingår i: Aftonbladet. - 1103-9000.
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- 1 620 forskare och lärare i forskarvärlden: Vi ställer oss bakom Auroras klimatkrav
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| 2. |
- Davies, G., et al.
(författare)
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Study of 300,486 individuals identifies 148 independent genetic loci influencing general cognitive function
- 2018
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 2041-1723. ; 9:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- General cognitive function is a prominent and relatively stable human trait that is associated with many important life outcomes. We combine cognitive and genetic data from the CHARGE and COGENT consortia, and UK Biobank (total N = 300,486; age 16-102) and find 148 genome-wide significant independent loci (P < 5 × 10-8) associated with general cognitive function. Within the novel genetic loci are variants associated with neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental disorders, physical and psychiatric illnesses, and brain structure. Gene-based analyses find 709 genes associated with general cognitive function. Expression levels across the cortex are associated with general cognitive function. Using polygenic scores, up to 4.3% of variance in general cognitive function is predicted in independent samples. We detect significant genetic overlap between general cognitive function, reaction time, and many health variables including eyesight, hypertension, and longevity. In conclusion we identify novel genetic loci and pathways contributing to the heritability of general cognitive function.
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| 3. |
- Karlsson, Ida, 1980, et al.
(författare)
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Reaching net-zero carbon emissions in construction supply chains - Analysis of a Swedish road construction project
- 2020
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Ingår i: Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews. - : Elsevier BV. - 1364-0321 .- 1879-0690. ; 120
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent estimates suggest that the construction sector accounts for approximately one quarter of global CO2 emissions. This paper assesses the potential for reducing the climate impact of road construction. The study is structured as a participatory integrated assessment with involvement from key stakeholders in the supply chain, supported by energy and material flow mapping, an extensive literature review and a scenario analysis. The results indicate that it is technically possible to halve road construction CO2 emissions with today's best available technologies and practices, to abate more than three quarters of the emissions by 2030 and achieve close to net zero emissions by 2045. Realising the current potential would rely on sufficient availability of sustainably produced second-generation biofuels, indicating a need to speed up the implementation of alternative abatement measures, including optimization of material use and mass handling requirements, increased recycling of steel, asphalt and aggregates and enhanced use of alternative binders in concrete. Policy measures and procurement strategies should be aligned to support these measures with a clear supply chain focus. For deep decarbonization several key opportunities and obstacles for realisation of breakthrough technologies for basic industry are highlighted including electrification and carbon capture for steel and cement, and hybridisation and electrification for heavy transport and construction equipment. There is a clear need to prepare for deeper abatement and associated transformative shifts already now and to carefully consider the pathway of getting there while avoiding pitfalls along the way, such as overreliance on biofuels or cost optimizations which cannot be scaled up to the levels required.
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| 4. |
- Lehtveer, Mariliis, 1983, et al.
(författare)
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Actuating the European Energy System Transition: Indicators for Translating Energy Systems Modelling Results into Policy-Making
- 2021
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Energy Research. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 2296-598X. ; 9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, we define indicators, with a focus on the electricity sector, that translate the results of energy systems modelling to quantitative entities that can facilitate assessments of the transitions required to meet stringent climate targets. Such indicators, which are often overlooked in model scenario presentations, can be applied to make the modelling results more accessible and are useful for managing the transition on the policy level, as well as for internal evaluations of modelling results. We propose a set of 13 indicators related to: 1) the resource and material usages in modelled energy system designs; 2) the rates of transition from current to future energy systems; and 3) the energy security in energy system modelling results. To illustrate its value, the proposed set of indicators is applied to energy system scenarios derived from an electricity system investment model for Northern Europe. We show that the proposed indicators are useful for facilitating discussions, raising new questions, and relating the modelling results to Sustainable Development Goals and thus facilitate better policy processes. The indicators presented here should not be seen as a complete set, but rather as examples. Therefore, this paper represents a starting point and a call to other modellers to expand and refine the list of indicators.
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| 5. |
- Bai, Ge, et al.
(författare)
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Frailty trajectories in three longitudinal studies of aging : Is the level or the rate of change more predictive of mortality?
- 2021
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Ingår i: Age and Ageing. - : Oxford University Press. - 0002-0729 .- 1468-2834. ; 50:6, s. 2174-2182
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: frailty shows an upward trajectory with age, and higher levels increase the risk of mortality. However, it is less known whether the shape of frailty trajectories differs by age at death or whether the rate of change in frailty is associated with mortality.OBJECTIVES: to assess population frailty trajectories by age at death and to analyse whether the current level of the frailty index (FI) i.e. the most recent measurement or the person-specific rate of change is more predictive of mortality.METHODS: 3,689 individuals from three population-based cohorts with up to 15 repeated measurements of the Rockwood frailty index were analysed. The FI trajectories were assessed by stratifying the sample into four age-at-death groups: <70, 70-80, 80-90 and >90 years. Generalised survival models were used in the survival analysis.RESULTS: the FI trajectories by age at death showed that those who died at <70 years had a steadily increasing trajectory throughout the 40 years before death, whereas those who died at the oldest ages only accrued deficits from age ~75 onwards. Higher level of FI was independently associated with increased risk of mortality (hazard ratio 1.68, 95% confidence interval 1.47-1.91), whereas the rate of change was no longer significant after accounting for the current FI level. The effect of the FI level did not weaken with time elapsed since the last measurement.CONCLUSIONS: Frailty trajectories differ as a function of age-at-death category. The current level of FI is a stronger marker for risk stratification than the rate of change.
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| 6. |
- Karlsson, Ida, et al.
(författare)
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Ethical challenges from a problem-solving intervention with workplace involvement: a qualitative study among employees with common mental disorders, first-line managers, and rehabilitation coordinators
- 2024
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Ingår i: International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being. - : TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD. - 1748-2623 .- 1748-2631. ; 19:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose This study aims to explore ethical challenges potentially arising from a problem-solving intervention with workplace involvement (PSI-WPI) in primary health care (with first-line manager involvement) for employees on sickness absence due to common mental disorders. Methods A qualitative design guided by the theoretical framework for systematic identification of ethical aspects of healthcare technologies. Semi-structured interviews were performed with coordinators (n=6), employees (n=13), and first-line managers (n=8). Reflexive thematic analysis was used to analyse and interpret themes. Results A main theme was identified “the workplace and healthcare hold different organizational value logics” and four sub-themes: “the PSI-WPI challenged the organizational goals and values of the workplace and healthcare”, “the PSI-WPI challenged organizational values on fairness”, “the PSI-WPI challenged the professional roles of first-line managers and rehabilitation coordinators” and “the PSI-WPI introduced a need for the employee to juggle the employee and patient roles”. Conclusion Different organizational value logics, values, and goals can introduce ethical challenges. We advise clarifying stakeholders’ roles and preparing employees and managers for the return to work process by providing sufficient information. The ethical challenges and suggested measures to minimize them, should be considered when planning return to work interventions that involve several stakeholders.
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| 7. |
- Karlsson, Ida, et al.
(författare)
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Exploring ethical issues arising from a problem-solving intervention in the Swedish Primary Care
- 2022
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Ingår i: European Journal of Public Health Vol.32 Issue Supplement 3. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1101-1262.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Common mental disorders count for a large percentage of sick leave cases in Europe and in Sweden. Problem-solving with workplace involvement have shown promising results in reducing the number of sick leave days for employees on sick leave for these conditions. Engaging the workplace by for example including the first-line manager in the return-to-work process changes the usual role of the primary care. Hence, this study aims to explore ethical issues that potentially arise when introducing workplace involvement as part of a problem-solving intervention. Methods A qualitative study in the Swedish Primary Care using data from semi-structured interviews with rehabilitation coordinators (n = 6), employees on sick leave for common mental disorders (n = 13), and their first-line managers (n = 8). A theoretical framework for systematic identification of ethical aspects of healthcare technologies was used to guide the interviews and reporting of results. Content analysis was used to code the data, searching for latent content. Ethical issues related to the ethical values privacy, identity, autonomy, professional values, third party, equality and justice were identified and described. The analysis was concluded by a normative discussion. Results Ethical issues were identified such as difficulties for the employees to control personal information. A need to create an integrated role of a patient and an employee and for coordinators to act neutral instead of as a patient advocate. Managers needed to balance the needs of the organization with the needs of the employee. A pre-requisite for participation was agreeing to manager involvement which may affect the equality of the intervention. Conclusions A conversation about sharing of information, roles, responsibilities and expectations during the rehabilitation should be initiated early and be continuous. Managers need support in learning the “how to” when having an employee on sick leave due to a common mental disorder. Key messages The problem-solving intervention imposed ethical issues in regard to control over personal information and role shifting, which can be handled through discussions and awareness. By analysing ethical aspects and norms and values connected to the intervention, adaptations and solutions can be discussed and handled before full scale implementation.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Berglin-Enquist, Ida, et al.
(författare)
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Murine models of acute neuronopathic Gaucher disease
- 2007
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. - 0027-8424 .- 1091-6490. ; 104:44, s. 17483-17488
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Gaucher disease (GD) is an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder caused by mutations in the glucosidase, beta, acid (GBA) gene that encodes the lysosomal enzyme glucosylceramidase (GCase). GCase deficiency leads to characteristic visceral pathology and, in some patients, lethal neurological manifestations. Here, we report the generation of mouse models with the severe neuronopathic form of GD. To circumvent the lethal skin phenotype observed in several of the previous GCase-deficient animals, we genetically engineered a mouse model with strong reduction in GCase activity in all tissues except the skin. These mice exhibit rapid motor dysfunction associated with severe neurodegeneration and apoptotic cell death within the brain, reminiscent of neuronopathic GD. In addition, we have created a second mouse model, in which GCase deficiency is restricted to neural and glial cell progenitors and progeny. These mice develop similar pathology as the first mouse model, but with a delayed onset and slower disease progression, which indicates that GCase deficiency within microglial cells that are of hematopoietic origin is not the primary determinant of the CNS pathology. These findings also demonstrate that normal microglial cells cannot rescue this neurodegenerative disease. These mouse models have significant implications for the development of therapy for patients with neuronopathic GD.
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| 10. |
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