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| 2. |
- Renman, Agnieszka, et al.
(författare)
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Water filtration with mineral-based byproducts as a sustainable treatment technology
- 2021
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim of the project was to investigate whether the 200 000 ton slag, that is not used optimally or deposited every year, can be alternatively applied as water treatment materials, ensuring future outlets and providing added value for the steel industry and society. Five goals had been set and could be met: test of filter material for purification in small sewage plants, testing of mineral filters for industrial wastewater and stormwater, new technology to build road shoulders on busy roads with slag that simultaneously cleans stormwater, laboratory-tested filter products, and two graduated doctors.Slag's properties can be modified in the furnace to contain minerals that have properties to bind phosphorus or metals from water. Slags can separate both cations and anions from contaminated water, anions even at pH value 10. Furthermore, slag and bark in combined filters are able to remove PFAS and also fluorine by modifying of AOD slag. Some types of slag are recommended to replace sand in soil beds for sewage treatment. Stormwater wells in cities and industry can be equipped with slag filters. Storm water from traffic-intensive roads can be cleaned in the road shoulder with certain types of slag.R&D has been conducted in clear collaboration between industry and academia. The research has been conducted in the laboratory, at the companies and in the field. Implementation has been possible through researchers and companies starting pilot facilities and studying their function and utility to achieve sustainability goals. The analysis made is that different types of Swedish-produced slag are useful by-products, after simple reprocessing or after modifications, in water purification applications. These applications can be of several different types and be interesting for several end users.
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| 3. |
- Rootzén, Johan, 1978, et al.
(författare)
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Supply-chain collective action towards zero CO2 emissions in infrastructure construction : Mapping barriers and opportunities
- 2020
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Ingår i: IOP Conference Series. - : IOP Publishing Ltd. ; , s. 042064-
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Successful decarbonisation of the supply chains for buildings and infrastructure, including the production of basic materials, will involve the pursuit - in parallel - of measures to ensure circularity of material flows, measures to improve material efficiency, and to radically reduce CO2 emissions from basic materials production. Emphasis in this work has been on how “intangible” factors such as implicit or explicit constraints within organisations, inadequate communication between actors in the supply chain, overly conservative norms or lack of information, hinder the realisation of the current carbon mitigation potential. Although this work draw primarily from experiences in Sweden and other developed economies we believe the focus on innovations in the policy arena and efforts to develop new ways of co-operating, coordinating and sharing information between actors (SDG17) and on practices and processes that could enable more sustainable resource use in infrastructure construction may be of relevance also elsewhere. Not the least, since there are still many regions of the world where much of the infrastructure to provide basic services remains to be built (SDG6-7, SDG9, SDG11) a challenge that must be handled in parallel with efforts to reduce/erase the climate impact from infrastructure construction (in line with the Paris Agreement and SDG13).
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| 4. |
- Ygland, Ida, et al.
(författare)
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Molecular Dynamics of an Alkaline-gated Ion Channel Using Constant-pH Simulations
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Ligand-gated ion channels are critical to electrochemical signal transduction in many organisms, yet the molecular details of their activation and modulation remain unclear. A recently reported bacterial membrane receptor, sTeLIC, constitutes a promising model system to study structure, function, and regulation in the pentameric ligand-gated ion channel family. Along with several of its mammalian homologs, sTeLIC is sensitive to extracellular pH, specifically activating under alkaline conditions. However, experimental structures of sTeLIC do not allow direct observation of protonation states or other pH-driven dynamics. Here, we employed a recent implementation of constant-pH molecular dynamics to simulate open and closed states of sTeLIC under both resting and activating conditions. Despite the acidic pKa of glutamate side chains in solution, pH- and state-dependent changes in protonation were particularly observed at residues E106 in the extracellular vestibule and E160 at the intersubunit interface. Rearrangements in these regions were associated with coordinated contraction of the extracellular domain and expansion of the transmembrane domain. Together, our results demonstrate the applicability of constant-pH simulations to support a testable mechanistic model for pH-gating, potentially extensible to a range of physiologically relevant systems.
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