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Att välja trä
- 2020. - 10
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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- Karlsson, Jan Olof, et al.
(författare)
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May fermented Baltic Sea herring help in conditions of gut disorders, such as gastric catarrh and heartburn?
- 2018
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Ingår i: JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE RESEARCH. - : EJMANAGER LLC. - 2146-8397 .- 2577-5669. ; 8:2, s. 53-58
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: It has been suggested that disruption of the gut microbiota can be significant with respect to pathological intestinal conditions, such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), gastric catarrh (GC), and heartburn (HB). Through history, an essential part of the colonization of the human gut took place by ingestion of food preserved by fermentation. The natural replenishment of microbes via food and beverage is today low because food is "sterilized" through boiling, broiling, and pasteurization. Modulating the gut rnicrobiota with fermented food products may hence be considered as a strategy to treat such conditions. Fermented Baltic Sea herring (FBSH) is an example of a Lactobacillus-fermented food product, which was tested in the present study. Methods: A 30-day open study was performed in 42 volunteers with IBS, GC, or HB. Volunteers were recruited by advertisements in daily newspapers. The volunteers were provided with gelatin capsules for the study, each containing approximately 100 mg freeze dried FBSH. They were also provided with forms that contained columns and rows for every test day where the volunteers were ask to fill in number of capsules taken, and to report possible improvements according to a 0-10 scale, where 10 stands for full recovery. Results: The most reported common disorder symptom was IBS and 7 of 14 of these volunteers reported recovery, with a mean recovery of 4.4. All of the 9 volunteers reported recovery from GC, with a mean recovery of 8.4. Five of 6 volunteers reported recovery from HB, with a mean recovery of 6.8. Conclusion: Although the present study is a small open study, the overall results are exciting and merits further studies in volunteers, ideally in a double-blind placebo-controlled manner.
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- Hultgren, Jan, et al.
(författare)
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Preslaughter stress and beef quality in relation to slaughter transport of cattle
- 2022
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Ingår i: Livestock Science. - : Elsevier B.V.. - 1871-1413 .- 1878-0490. ; 264
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Preslaughter handling inevitably exposes cattle to stress, which affects beef quality and yields. Short transports to the slaughterhouse or a short walk across the yard to a mobile abattoir parked on the farm may reduce stress, with potential beneficial effects on meat quality. To compare different road transport distances to a stationary (fixed) slaughterhouse, and the stationary plant with a mobile abattoir, we studied commercial slaughter of 298 cattle in each facility over a period of 13 months. For the stationary slaughterhouse, the estimated transport distance from farm to plant was 7–250 km (mean 99 km) and 96 animals spent one night in lairage there. All animals at both slaughterhouses were stunned with a captive bolt gun. Blood levels of cortisol, glucose and lactate at exsanguination and meat quality indicators were recorded. According to two-sample t-tests, thawing loss was 1 percent unit lower (p<0.0001), Warner-Bratzler shear force was 6.9 N lower (p<0.0001) and compressive load was 3.9 MPa lower (p<0.0001), but mean lactate level was 1.02 mmol/l higher (p<0.0001) and ultimate pH was 0.05 units higher (p=0.0001) in the mobile facility compared with the stationary. Effects of slaughter facility and estimated road transport distance to the stationary plant on blood lactate, ultimate meat pH, shear force and compressive load were analysed by generalized linear mixed models, with delivering farm as random effect. According to the models, predicted shear force was 23% higher at the 95th percentile of the transport distance compared with the 5th percentile (p=0.012), and there was some evidence of a similar difference in compressive load for heifers, albeit only marginally significant (39% higher at the 95th percentile; p=0.056). Predicted blood lactate was 19% higher in the mobile abattoir than the stationary slaughterhouse (p=0.046). Ultimate meat pH was higher in the mobile unit for cows and steers (p≤0.0020), and for carcasses weighing 311–380 kg (p≤0.0020). Compressive load was 27% lower in the mobile abattoir, compared to the stationary (p<0.0001), but shear force did not differ significantly between the two facilities. This study shows a negative effect of long transport distances on beef tenderness. It also provides evidence of differences in beef quality between a mobile abattoir and a stationary slaughterhouse, although these differences may be attributable to specific routines for carcass handling and ageing at the studied facilities, and not the transport and slaughter strategy itself.
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- Lind, Mårten, et al.
(författare)
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A Picea abies Linkage Map Based on SNP Markers Identifies QTLs for Four Aspects of Resistance to Heterobasidion parviporum Infection
- 2014
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 9:7, s. e101049-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A consensus linkage map of Picea abies, an economically important conifer, was constructed based on the segregation of 686 SNP markers in a F-1 progeny population consisting of 247 individuals. The total length of 1889.2 cM covered 96.5% of the estimated genome length and comprised 12 large linkage groups, corresponding to the number of haploid P. abies chromosomes. The sizes of the groups (from 5.9 to 9.9% of the total map length) correlated well with previous estimates of chromosome sizes (from 5.8 to 10.8% of total genome size). Any locus in the genome has a 97% probability to be within 10 cM from a mapped marker, which makes the map suited for QTL mapping. Infecting the progeny trees with the root rot pathogen Heterobasidion parviporum allowed for mapping of four different resistance traits: lesion length at the inoculation site, fungal spread within the sapwood, exclusion of the pathogen from the host after initial infection, and ability to prevent the infection from establishing at all. These four traits were associated with two, four, four and three QTL regions respectively of which none overlapped between the traits. Each QTL explained between 4.6 and 10.1% of the respective traits phenotypic variation. Although the QTL regions contain many more genes than the ones represented by the SNP markers, at least four markers within the confidence intervals originated from genes with known function in conifer defence; a leucoanthocyanidine reductase, which has previously been shown to upregulate during H. parviporum infection, and three intermediates of the lignification process; a hydroxycinnamoyl CoA shikimate/quinate hydroxycinnamoyltransferase, a 4-coumarate CoA ligase, and a R2R3-MYB transcription factor.
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