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| 2. |
- Karlsson, Linda, et al.
(författare)
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Dietary influence on the m. longissimus dorsi fatty acid composition of lambs in relation to protein source
- 2012
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Ingår i: Meat Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 0309-1740 .- 1873-4138. ; 91, s. 472-477
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Dietary lipid effect, as a consequence of protein supplement, on lamb m. longissimus dorsi fatty acid composition was investigated, with emphasis on biohydrogenation intermediates. Crossbred lambs (White Swedish Landrace x Texel) were fed a barley-based diet without (CON) or with protein supplements including peas (PEA), rapeseed cake (RC) or hempseed cake (HC). The HC diet resulted in the highest muscle 22:6n-3 proportion, with the RC diet being similar (P < 0.05). Protein supplement did not affect the c9,t11 conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) proportion, however the HC diet increased some minor CIA isomers, including t10,c12 CIA (P < 0.05). The t10-18:1 and total trans-18:1 were lowest for the RC diet (P < 0.05). likely relating to rumen conditions and precursor availability. The saturated, monounsaturated and branched-chain fatty acids were largely unaffected by protein supplement. In conclusion, feeding the RC diet lowered the t10-18:1 and total trans-18:1 in meat, and modestly increased 22:6n-3 content. The direction of these changes would be beneficial, making the RC diet the preferred protein supplement; however the magnitude of the changes in the present experiment may not be sufficient to have an impact on human health. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 3. |
- Karlsson, Linda, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of increasing amounts of hempseed cake in the diet of dairy cows on the production and composition of milk
- 2010
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Ingår i: Animal. - 1751-7311 .- 1751-732X. ; 4, s. 1854-1860
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study explored the potential for using seed cake from hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) as a protein feed for dairy cows. The aim was to evaluate the effects of increasing the proportion of hempseed cake (HC) in the diet on milk production and milk composition. Forty Swedish Red dairy cows were involved in a 5-week dose response feeding trial. The cows were allocated randomly to one of four experimental diets containing on average 494 g/kg of grass silage and 506 g/kg of concentrate on a dry matter (DM) basis. Diets containing 0 g (HC0), 143 g (HC14), 233 g (HC23) or 318 g (HC32) HC/kg DM were achieved by replacing an increasing proportion of compound pellets with cold-pressed HC. Increasing the proportion of HC resulted in dietary crude protein (CP) concentrations ranging from 126 for HC0 to 195g CP/kg DM for HC32. Further effects on the composition of the diet with increasing proportions of HC were higher fat and NDF and lower starch concentrations. There were no linear or quadratic effects on DM intake, but increasing the proportion of HC in the diet resulted in linear increases in fat and NDF intake, as well as CP intake (P < 0.001), and a linear decrease in starch intake (P < 0.001). The proportion of HC had significant quadratic effects on the yields of milk, energy-corrected milk (ECM) and milk protein, fat and lactose. The curvilinear response of all yield parameters indicated maximum production from cows fed diet HC14. Increasing the proportion of HC resulted in linear decreases in both milk protein and milk fat concentration (P = 0.005 and P = 0.017, respectively), a linear increase in milk urea (P < 0.001), and a linear decrease in CP efficiency (milk protein/CP intake; P < 0.001). In conclusion, the HC14 diet, corresponding to a dietary CP concentration of 157 g/kg DM, resulted in the maximum yields of milk and ECM by dairy cows in this study.
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| 4. |
- Karlsson, Linda, et al.
(författare)
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Growth performance of lambs fed different protein supplements in barley-based diets
- 2011
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Ingår i: Livestock Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 1871-1413 .- 1878-0490. ; 138, s. 125-131
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper explores the potential of using locally produced protein sources in diets for growing lambs in northern Europe. The aim of the research was to evaluate the effects on lamb growth performance of peas, rapeseed cake and hempseed cake as protein supplements in barley-based diets. Forty-eight crossbred (White Swedish Landrace x Texel) ewe lambs were penned, forming experimental units allotted to one of four experimental diets. The lambs were on average 87 (SD = 9) days of age at the start of the eight-week continuous trial, during which their live weight (LW) was recorded weekly. The four experimental diets were barley-based, with 101 g hay/kg diet on a dry matter (DM) basis. The control diet (B-0). without protein supplement, contained 112 g crude protein (CP) and the calculated metabolisable energy (ME) value was 13.0 MJ/kg DM. The other diets contained peas (B-P), rapeseed cake (B-RC) or hempseed cake (B-HC) and had similar CP concentrations (160-162 g/kg DM), but varied in ME content (13.4, 13.4 and 12.2 MJ/kg DM, respectively). Rumen undegradable CP (RUP) was 231, 99, 298 and 291 g/kg CP, with an intestinal digestibility of 605, 707,528 and 307 g/kg RUP for the concentrates of barley, peas, rapeseed cake and hempseed cake, respectively. There were no significant differences in DM intake, which varied between 860 and 989 g/d, for the lambs on the different diets. However, CP intake was higher for lambs fed B-P and B-HC (P<0.001) and calculated ME intake was higher for lambs fed B-P (P=0.037) than for the other diets, among which there were no significant differences in these respects. Initial LW of the lambs did not differ significantly between treatments, but final LW was higher for lambs fed B-P and B-RC (P=0.029). Total gain and average daily gain were highest for the B-P treatment, followed by the B-RC treatment (P<0.001). Feed conversion (DM intake/LW gain) was more efficient for lambs fed B-P and B-RC, compared with the other treatments (P<0.001). No significant differences in growth performance or feed conversion were found between the B-0 and the B-HC treatments. In conclusion, supplementing barley-based diets with peas or rapeseed cake significantly improved growth performance of the lambs, but including hempseed cake did not. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 6. |
- Karlsson, Linda, et al.
(författare)
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New methodology for estimating rumen protein degradation using the in vitro gas technique
- 2009
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Ingår i: Animal Feed Science and Technology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0377-8401 .- 1873-2216. ; 153, s. 193-202
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper explores the possibility of estimating in vitro degradable crude protein (IVDP) and effective crude protein (CP) degradation (EPD) of protein feeds in the rumen using a new method based on the in vitro gas production (GP) technique of Raab et al. [Raab, L., Cafantaris, B., Jilg, T., Menke, K.H., 1983. Romeo protein degradation and biosynthesis. 1. A new method for determination of protein degradation in rumen fluid in vitro. Br. J. Nutr. 50, 569-582]. Cold-pressed hempseed cake, cold-pressed rapeseed cake, rapeseed expeller, heat-treated rapeseed meal and soybean meal, used as test feeds, were incubated with buffered rumen fluid and carbohydrates at four concentrations, and amounts of ammonia-N and gas produced were measured after 4,8,12,16,24, and 30 h. The new GP technique included a number of methodological changes. Samples for ammonia-N analysis were collected from the same flask at every sampling time, and rumen fluid was pre-incubated with carbohydrates to enhance microbial activity and reduce background ammonia-N levels. Results using the new methodology showed that feed, time and feed x time interaction all affected IVDP estimates (P<0.01). Estimated EPD values obtained using the GP method were affected by feed (P<0.001), and were 0.33, 0.36, 0.46. 0.59 and 0.67 for hempseed cake, rapeseed meal, rapeseed expeller, rapeseed cake and soybean meal, respectively. We conclude that the new GP technique, compared to the original method, can provide more practical estimates of IVDP that enable calculations of EPD values of protein feeds. Additional studies are required to further validate the reliability of the method using feeds with known in vivo responses in order to develop the technique into a useful method for estimating CP degradation in the rumen. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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