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| 3. |
- Enrichi, Francesco, et al.
(författare)
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Ag nanoaggregates as efficient broadband sensitizers for Tb3+ ions in silica-zirconia ion-exchanged sol-gel glasses and glass-ceramics
- 2018
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Ingår i: Optical materials (Amsterdam). - : Elsevier. - 0925-3467 .- 1873-1252. ; 84, s. 668-674
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper we report the study of down-shifting silica-zirconia glass and glass-ceramic films doped by Tb3+ ions and Ag nanoaggregates, which combine the typical spectral properties of the rare-earth-ions with the broadband sensitizing effect of the metal nanostructures. Na-Tb co-doped silica-zirconia samples were obtained by a modified sol-gel route. Dip-coating deposition followed by annealing for solvent evaporation and matrix densification were repeated several times, obtaining a homogeneous crack-free film. A final treatment at 700 °C or 1000 °C was performed to control the nanoscale structural properties of the samples, resulting respectively in a glass (G) or a glass-ceramic (GC), where tetragonal zirconia nanocrystals are surrounded by an amorphous silica matrix. Ag introduction was then achieved by ion-exchange in a molten salt bath, followed by annealing in air to control the migration and aggregation of the metal ions. The comparison of the structural, compositional and optical properties are presented for G and GC samples, providing evidence of highly efficient photoluminescence enhancement in both systems, slightly better in G than in GC samples, with a remarkable increase of the green Tb3+ PL emission at 330 nm excitation: 12 times for G and 8 times for GC samples. Furthermore, after Ag-exchange, the shape of Tb3+ excitation resembles the one of Ag ions/nanoaggregates, with a broad significant absorption in the whole UV-blue spectral region. This broadband enhanced downshifting could find potential applications in lighting devices and in PV solar cells.
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| 4. |
- Goldak, J., et al.
(författare)
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Numerical aspects of modelling welds
- 1993
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Ingår i: ASM handbook. - Materials Park : ASM International. - 0871703823 ; , s. 1131-1140
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This article focuses on the various assumptions involved in the numerical modeling of welds, including the geometry of the welded structure and the weld joint, thermal stress, strain, residual stress, and the microstructure in the heat-affected and fusion zones.
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| 5. |
- Grinin, V. P., et al.
(författare)
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Modelling UX Ori star eclipses based on spectral observations with the Nordic Optical Telescope - I. RR Tau
- 2023
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Ingår i: Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. - : Oxford University Press. - 0035-8711 .- 1365-2966. ; 524:3, s. 4047-4061
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Based on observations obtained with the Nordic Optical Telescope (NOT) we investigate the spectral variability of the Herbig Ae star RR Tau. This star belongs to the UX Ori family, characterized by very deep fadings caused by the screening of the star with opaque fragments (clouds) of the protoplanetary discs. At the moments of such minima one observes strong spectral variability due to the fact that the dust cloud occults, for an observer, not only the star but also a part of the region where the emission spectrum originates. We calculated a series of obscuration models to interpret the observed variability of the H a line parameters. We consider two main obscuration scenarios: (1) the dust screen rises vertically above the circumstellar disc, and (2) the screen intersects the line-of-sight moving azimuthally with the disc. In both cases, the model of the emission region consists of a compact magnetosphere and a magnetocentrifugal disc wind. Comparison with observations shows that the first scenario explains well the variability of the radiation flux, the equivalent width, as well as the asymmetry of the H a line during eclipses, while the second scenario explains them only partly. This permits us to suggest that in the case of RR Tau, the main causes of the eclipses are either a structured disc wind, or the charged dust lifted along the field lines of the poloidal component of the magnetic field of the circumstellar disc.
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| 6. |
- Karlsson, Lennart, et al.
(författare)
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Design of die and its effect on wear in cup forming
- 1995
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Ingår i: Simulation of materials processing. - Rotterdam : Balkema Publishers, A.A. / Taylor & Francis The Netherlands. - 9054105534 ; , s. 587-591
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 7. |
- Muniruzzaman, Muhammad, et al.
(författare)
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Weathering of unsaturated waste rocks from Kevitsa and Hitura mines : Pilot-scale lysimeter experiments and reactive transport modeling
- 2021
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Ingår i: Applied Geochemistry. - : Elsevier. - 0883-2927 .- 1872-9134. ; 130
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The fundamental understanding of hydrogeochemical processes leading to toxic drainage in mining environments is of utmost importance to predict the impact of mining activities in waste facilities and to design effective measures for the mitigation of environmental risk. This study investigates the weathering behavior of different types of mine waste rocks, with considerably different mineralogical and textural properties, by performing long-term (> 3 years) pilot-scale lysimeter experiments combined with multiphase and multicomponent reactive transport modeling. The experiments were carried out in a series of five lysimeter setups, packed with unsaturated waste rocks collected from the Kevitsa and Hitura mine sites in Finland, under the influence of outdoor atmospheric conditions. We focus on the temporal dynamics of the waste rock effluents’ chemistry showing remarkably different compositions in different experiments. The low-sulfide containing Kevitsa pyroxene and Hitura serpentinite waste rocks lead to alkaline drainage, characterized by higher pH (up to 9.5) and lower dissolved constituents (e.g., up to 420 mg/L SO4, 89 μg/L Ni). In contrast, the effluents from the Hitura mica schist waste rocks, which have relatively higher sulfide abundance, show characteristics of acidic drainage with lower pH (∼4.3) and orders of magnitude higher aqueous concentrations (e.g., up to 3100 mg/L SO4, 130 mg/L Ni). The results also show that the presence of a higher fraction of finer particles leads to a faster dissolution rate and thus relatively higher drainage concentrations. The experimental results were quantitatively interpreted with multiphase and multicomponent reactive transport modeling, which allowed capturing the complex dynamic trends and the concentration levels observed in the effluents of the different pilot-scale lysimeters.
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| 8. |
- Nilsson, Hans, et al.
(författare)
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Birth of a Magnetosphere
- 2021
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Ingår i: Magnetospheres in the Solar System. - : John Wiley & Sons. ; , s. 427-439, s. 427-439
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A magnetosphere may form around an object in a stellar wind either due to the intrinsic magnetic field of the object or stellar wind interaction with the ionosphere of the object. Comets represent the most variable magnetospheres in our solar system, and through the Rosetta mission we have had the chance to study the birth and evolution of a comet magnetosphere as the comet nucleus approached the Sun. We review the birth of the comet magnetosphere as observed at comet 67P Churyumov–Gerasimenko, the formation of plasma boundaries and how the solar wind–atmosphere interaction changes character as the cometary gas cloud and magnetosphere grow in size. Mass loading of the solar wind leads to an asymmetric deflection of the solar wind for low outgassing rates. With increasing activity a solar wind ion cavity forms. Intermittent shock‐like features were also observed. For intermediate outgassing rate a diamagnetic cavity is formed inside the solar wind ion cavity, thus well separated from the solar wind. The cometary plasma was typically very structured and variable. The region of the coma dense enough to have significant collisions forms a special region with different ion chemistry and plasma dynamics as compared to the outer collision‐free region.
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| 9. |
- Norman, Peter M., et al.
(författare)
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Mechanisms forming undercuts during laser hybrid arc welding
- 2011
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Ingår i: Physics Procedia. - : Elsevier BV. - 1875-3892. ; 12:1, s. 201-207
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- That the final quality of a welded joint, using a laser hybrid arc process, is sensitive not only to the geometrical joint conditions, but also to the content of elements in the surface itself, is already known. However the description of the mechanisms forming undercut defects is still vague. In the following study two kinds of undercuts were identified. It is shown how the mill scales affects the melt motion and what mechanisms actuate the creation of the defects. The conclusion that surface oxides affect the severity of weld undercuts is straight forward but here also the mechanism is explained.
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| 10. |
- Oddy, A.S., et al.
(författare)
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Microstructural predictions including arbitrary thermal histories, reaustenization and carbon segregation effects
- 1996
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Ingår i: Canadian metallurgical quarterly. - 0008-4433 .- 1879-1395. ; 35:3, s. 275-283
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A microstructural prediction algorithm for hypoeutectoid steels is presented that accounts for carbon segregation effects and permits arbitrary thermal histories and austenite decomposition during reheating. Two austenization models are included: an instantaneous austenite formation and homogenization model; and a transient, heterogeneous austenite formation algorithm. The transient heterogeneous model predicts slightly slower formation rates than measured but compares favourably with experimental results. The two models provide upper and lower bounds for the austenization time. Predicted grain size, martensite fraction and hardness distributions are compared with measurements taken from a weld heat-affected zone (HAZ). Predictions are in good agreement with experimental results
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