| 1. |
- Liu, Yuanhua, 1971, et al.
(författare)
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Considering the importance of user profiles in interface design
- 2009
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Ingår i: User Interfaces. ; , s. 23-
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- User profile is a popular term widely employed during product design processes by industrial companies. Such a profile is normally intended to represent real users of a product. The ultimate purpose of a user profile is actually to help designers to recognize or learn about the real user by presenting them with a description of a real user’s attributes, for instance; the user’s gender, age, educational level, attitude, technical needs and skill level. The aim of this chapter is to provide information on the current knowledge and research about user profile issues, as well as to emphasize the importance of considering these issues in interface design. In this chapter, we mainly focus on how users’ difference in expertise affects their performance or activity in various interaction contexts. Considering the complex interaction situations in practice, novice and expert users’ interactions with medical user interfaces of different technical complexity will be analyzed as examples: one focuses on novice and expert users’ difference when interacting with simple medical interfaces, and the other focuses on differences when interacting with complex medical interfaces. Four issues will be analyzed and discussed: (1) how novice and expert users differ in terms of performance during the interaction; (2) how novice and expert users differ in the perspective of cognitive mental models during the interaction; (3) how novice and expert users should be defined in practice; and (4) what are the main differences between novice and expert users’ implications for interface design. Besides describing the effect of users’ expertise difference during the interface design process, we will also pinpoint some potential problems for the research on interface design, as well as some future challenges that academic researchers and industrial engineers should face in practice.
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| 2. |
- Aryana, Bijan, 1980, et al.
(författare)
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Designing the S in MaaS: Behind the scenes and beyond the screens
- 2022
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- There is a considerable number of academic as well as non-academic publications on different aspects of Mobility-as-a-Service (MaaS). Several studies, with a Stated Preference approach, have investigated e.g. who the potential users of MaaS may be, what modes should be offered and users’ willingness to pay. Other researchers have tried to describe the challenges associated with the development and implementation of MaaS including technical issues, legislation and regulation barriers, lack of appropriate business models, etc. There are also those few who report on results of MaaS pilots and how the service elements influenced the outcome. MaaS is not merely a digital application but a complex service, where several mobility service providers need to collaborate in order to offer a service which “… not only integrates a range of mobility services, both public and private, but also provides one-stop access to all services through a common interface.”. It is therefore surprising that design process per se, or the methodology used have not been the focus for research efforts. Purpose: This study explains a small-scale MaaS development project with the service design process in focus. What process was followed and why? What methods and tools were used? How were stakeholders involved? Etc. Methodology: The scope of study is a local business-to-business MaaS solution designed for employees at multiple organizations (B2B-E), all closely located in an urban area. The design and development of the service were studied from the beginning until final implementation over the course of two years. Data sources include semi-structured interviews with stakeholders, participatory observations of project meetings, and a series of stakeholder workshops reflecting on the MaaS design process. Findings:The results evidence the need for design guidelines for MaaS with a focus on the service aspect, i.e. the S in MaaS. When analysing the process, most stakeholders realized that important steps were missing or completed in the wrong order. Several general service design principles were not fully implemented, for example results show that not all interaction points in the customer journey were considered in the design (designing for these critical points requires alignment between digital and physical touchpoints; employees’ actual trips often differed from those which the service was intended for, and service ownership and allocation of stakeholders’ responsibilities were not altogether clear. The results highlight the wide range of responsibilities of the MaaS provider, such as maintaining MaaS physical and digital infrastructure, ensuring universal provision of information, and negotiating and coordinating regulations and policies between public and private bodies. Implications: To provide MaaS is beyond developing and administrating a mobile app or similar end-user digital touch points. It requires physical infrastructure, such as mobility hubs, unified information design of both physical and digital infrastructure, and understanding of multiple user groups , including (in the specific case) individuals as well as organizations. To do so, service design models and methods tailored for complex services are required. Such methods should address high level design challenges including service ownership, stakeholder responsibilities, and evolving business models.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Strömberg, Helena, 1985, et al.
(författare)
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HMI of autonomous vehicles - more than meets the eye
- 2019
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Ingår i: Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 2194-5365 .- 2194-5357.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cars are becoming increasingly automated and intelligent and will soon be able to drive on their own. The new intelligent technology will mean that communication between driver and vehicle will and must change. However, much of the research in autonomous vehicle interaction still revolves around the traditional GU interfaces and modes. To open up the full potential of interactive possibilities and allow for the creation of interfaces that can enable effective and satisfactory communication between driver and vehicle, this paper will present and argue for a holistic framework to aid analysis and design of human – vehicle interaction. The framework is based on four types of interactive surfaces. The first is the explicitly designed interfaces of today, the second is the interior design of the vehicle as a whole, the third is the implicit information included in the vehicle’s movement pattern, and the fourth is the interactive technology brought into the vehicle. The framework focuses on the interaction related to the operation of the vehicle (not in-car entertainment) and on the vehicle information output
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Sochor, Jana, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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A topological approach to Mobility as a Service: A proposed tool for understanding requirements and effects, and for aiding the integration of societal goals
- 2017
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Ingår i: 1st International Conference on Mobility as a Service (ICoMaaS), Tampere, Finland, November 28-29, 2017. ; , s. 187-201, s. 187-201
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this paper is to shed light on the concept of MaaS and what characterizes a ‘MaaS service’, as well as to propose a topology of MaaS as a tool for facilitating the discussion of MaaS, enabling the ‘comparison of’ different services, understanding MaaS’ potential effects, and aiding the integration of societal goals into MaaS services. Based on a literature review analyzing existing definitions, and an expert workshop identifying key aspects and ascertaining service differentiations accordingly, the resulting proposed topology consists of MaaS Levels 0 to 4 as characterized by different types of integration: 0 no integration; 1 integration of information; 2 integration of booking and payment; 3 integration of the service offer, including contracts and responsibilities; 4 integration of societal goals. The levels are described in terms of their added value and further discussed regarding implications for business, society, users, and technical requirements. Then, a deeper discussion also delves into the potential in expanding upon Level 4 and ways by which services and societal goals can become more fully integrated. The proposed topology adds clarity to the discussion of such a trending topic and enables the positioning of services along the MaaS spectrum. It also deepens the understanding of why MaaS can take time to establish, and can help support the development of action plans in terms of what needs to be done depending on what type of MaaS one wants to develop. Further analysis is desirable regarding the possibilities and problems linked with the different levels of MaaS. Such an analysis is key to understanding which effects can be achieved via the implementation of different levels of MaaS services in terms of e.g. social, economic and ecological sustainability, and business potential.
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| 7. |
- Väänänen, K., et al.
(författare)
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Improving Attractiveness of Public Transportation with Interactive Experiences
- 2016
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Ingår i: 9th Nordic Conference on Human-Computer Interaction, NordiCHI 2016, Gothenburg, Sweden, 23-27 October 2016. - New York, NY, USA : ACM. - 9781450347631
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- New interactive experiences can change the way people experience and perceive public transportation and hence improve its attractiveness. This workshop addresses such interactive experiences in public transportation. The main focus is on new interactive experiences with travel services in public transportation. We invite both practitioners and researchers to propose design concepts, design and evaluation methods, novel interactive technologies or future research issues for the HCI in public transportation. The topics address services for individual transportation vehicle types (buses, electric buses, trains, trams), or for the whole public transportation chain. The workshop will form a research agenda for interactive experiences in public transportation.
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| 8. |
- Bligård, Lars-Ola, 1976, et al.
(författare)
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Developers as Users: Exploring the Experiences of Using a New Theoretical Method for Usability Assessment
- 2017
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Ingår i: Advances in Human-Computer Interaction. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1687-5907 .- 1687-5893. ; 2017
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is a need for appropriate evaluation methods to efficiently identify and counteract usability issues early in the development process. The aim of this study was to investigate how product developers assessed a new theoretical method for identifying usability problems and use errors. Two cases where the method had been applied were selected and the users of the method in them were asked to fill in a questionnaire and were then interviewed about their experiences of using the method. Overall, the participants (students and professionals) found the methods useful and their outcome trustworthy. At the same time, the methods were assessed as difficult to learn and as cumbersome and tedious to use. Nevertheless, both students and professionals thought that the methods would be useful in future development work. Suggestions for further improvement included provision of further instructions, for example, on how to adapt the methods and development of an IT-support tool.
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| 9. |
- Eriksson, Siw, 1962, et al.
(författare)
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Genuine co-design : an activity theory analysis involving emergency nurses in an interdisciplinary new product development project of a novel medical device
- 2021
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Ingår i: International Journal of Human Factors and Ergonomics. - 2045-7804 .- 2045-7812. ; 8:4, s. 331-369
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study analysed a series of workshops and explored prerequisites for interdisciplinary co-design among industrial designers, design engineers and users in the development of a novel medical device. Presented as a case study, this paper focus on what affects participants’ transformative processes towards genuine participation in co-design processes. Based on activity theory, we suggest that co-design activities have to support not only users, but all participants, shifting their perspectives beyond their own domain’s rules, motives, objects and division of labour, i.e., beyond their own activity system, to support users’ participation as equal members in design teams. We propose that genuine co-design requires a holistic approach where a neutral arena, an impartial facilitator, clear rules of play, along with representational artefacts as mediating tools in the formation of a new collective activity system to foster equality, mutual value and long-term knowledge generation. Such approach requires a process over time.
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| 10. |
- Eriksson, Siw, 1962, et al.
(författare)
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RE-THINKING DESIGN REPRESENTATIONS IN DESIGN EDUCATION: AN INTERVIEW STUDY WITH PROFESSIONAL DESIGNERS
- 2023
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the Design Society. - 2732-527X. ; 3, s. 3095-3104
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Design representations are important tools for designers in the design process. To help designers choose the appropriate representation, taxonomies have been proposed based on type, degree of fidelity, and when to use them. However, Design representations may also play an important role in designers' communication with users and enabling users as co-designers. Therefore, new taxonomies, focusing on design representations' potential mediating roles in collaborative design processes with users, have been developed. The purpose of this interview study, with twelve designers within Swedish industry, was thus to investigate how designers use design representations in communication with users in the design process. The study indicates that the designers mainly interacted with users in order for them to answer specific design questions or to evaluate design solutions. If design representations' value for facilitating communication and collaboration with users should be emphasized, we need to shift from teaching mainly taxonomies related to fidelity levels or when to use them in the design process, and rather educate future designers about design representations inherent potential to mediate and enhance the dialogue with users.
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