| 1. |
- Abbott, Benjamin W., et al.
(författare)
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Biomass offsets little or none of permafrost carbon release from soils, streams, and wildfire : an expert assessment
- 2016
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Ingår i: Environmental Research Letters. - : IOP Publishing. - 1748-9326. ; 11:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- As the permafrost region warms, its large organic carbon pool will be increasingly vulnerable to decomposition, combustion, and hydrologic export. Models predict that some portion of this release will be offset by increased production of Arctic and boreal biomass; however, the lack of robust estimates of net carbon balance increases the risk of further overshooting international emissions targets. Precise empirical or model-based assessments of the critical factors driving carbon balance are unlikely in the near future, so to address this gap, we present estimates from 98 permafrost-region experts of the response of biomass, wildfire, and hydrologic carbon flux to climate change. Results suggest that contrary to model projections, total permafrost-region biomass could decrease due to water stress and disturbance, factors that are not adequately incorporated in current models. Assessments indicate that end-of-the-century organic carbon release from Arctic rivers and collapsing coastlines could increase by 75% while carbon loss via burning could increase four-fold. Experts identified water balance, shifts in vegetation community, and permafrost degradation as the key sources of uncertainty in predicting future system response. In combination with previous findings, results suggest the permafrost region will become a carbon source to the atmosphere by 2100 regardless of warming scenario but that 65%-85% of permafrost carbon release can still be avoided if human emissions are actively reduced.
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| 2. |
- Bylesjö, Max, et al.
(författare)
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Integrated analysis of transcript, protein and metabolite data to study lignin biosynthesis in hybrid aspen
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of Proteome Research. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1535-3893 .- 1535-3907. ; 8:1, s. 199-210
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Tree biotechnology will soon reach a mature state where it will influence the overall supply of fiber, energy and wood products. We are now ready to make the transition from identifying candidate genes, controlling important biological processes, to discovering the detailed molecular function of these genes on a broader, more holistic, systems biology level. In this paper, a strategy is outlined for informative data generation and integrated modeling of systematic changes in transcript, protein and metabolite profiles measured from hybrid aspen samples. The aim is to study characteristics of common changes in relation to genotype-specific perturbations affecting the lignin biosynthesis and growth. We show that a considerable part of the systematic effects in the system can be tracked across all platforms and that the approach has a high potential value in functional characterization of candidate genes.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Leonardsson, Kjell, et al.
(författare)
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Uppströmsvandring i den restaurerade gamla älvfåran samt funktionskontroll av ny fisktrappa i Norrfors (Umeälven) under laxens vandringssäsong 2012-2013
- 2013
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Rapporten sammanfattar 2012 och 2013 års funktionskontroll av fisktrappan samt uppföljning av restureringsåtgärder i Umeälvens nedre del. Lax fångades, märktes och släpptes nedströms utskovet vid dammen i Norrfors 2012 och i älvens mynningsområde vid Långhalsudden (Obbola) 2013. Under 2012 märktes 104 vilda laxar med aktiva radio- och passiva PIT-märken, samt 278 laxar som enbart märktes med PIT-märken. Under 2013 märktes 148 vilda laxar med både aktiva radio- och passiva PIT-märken, samt 216 vilda och 33 odlade laxar som enbart märktes med PIT-märken. Återvändande vuxenlax som tidigare PIT-märkts som smolt i Spöland eller i fiskodlingen inkluderades också i analyserna. Ett fenprov för DNA-analys togs från alla radiomärkta fiskar innan frisläppning för bestämning av laxens stamtillhörighet. 2012 hade ca 85 % av den märkta laxen Ume/Vindelälvsursprung, medan resterande lax hade en genetisk uppsättning som påminde om Luleälvslax trots intakt fettfena. 2013 befanns alla märkta laxar vara av Ume/Vindelälvsursprung. Radiomärkt fisk registrerades när de kom i närheten av fasta automatiska undervattens- eller luftantenner som placerats i sammanflödet, i den gamla älvfåran som restaurerats med vilpooler samt vid fisktrappan och uppströms i Vindelälven. PIT-märkt fisk detekterades när de passerade antenner som monterats i fisktrappans mellanväggar samt när de kom i närheten av den plattdetektor som installerades i Baggböleforsens nedre poolvägg 2013. All fisk som passerade fisktrappans övre del räknades via en sk VAKI utrustning.
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| 5. |
- Poetzelsberger, Elisabeth, et al.
(författare)
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Mapping the patchy legislative landscape of non-native tree species in Europe
- 2020
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Ingår i: Forestry (London). - : Oxford University Press. - 0015-752X .- 1464-3626. ; 93:4, s. 567-586
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Europe has a history rich in examples of successful and problematic introductions of trees with a native origin outside of Europe (non-native trees, NNT). Many international legal frameworks such as treaties and conventions and also the European Union have responded to the global concern about potential negative impacts of NNT that may become invasive in natural ecosystems. It is, however, national and regional legislation in particular that affects current and future management decisions in the forest sector and shapes the landscapes of Europe. We identified all relevant legal instruments regulating NNT, the different legal approaches and the regulatory intensity in 40 European countries (no microstates). Information on hard and effective soft law instruments were collected by means of a targeted questionnaire and consultation of international and national legislation information systems and databases. In total, 335 relevant legal instruments were in place in June/July 2019 to regulate the use of NNT in the investigated 116 geopolitical legal units (countries as well as sub-national regions with their own legislation). Countries and regions were empirically categorized according to ad hoc-defined legislation indicators. These indicators pay respect to the general bans on the introduction of non-native species, the generally allowed and prohibited NNT, approval mechanisms and specific areas or cases where NNT are restricted or prohibited. Our study revealed a very diverse landscape of legal frameworks across Europe, with a large variety of approaches to regulating NNT being pursued and the intensity of restriction ranging from very few restrictions on species choice and plantation surface area to the complete banning of NNT from forests. The main conclusion is that there is a clear need for more co-ordinated, science-based policies both at the local and international levels to enhance the advantages of NNT and mitigate potential negative effects.
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