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- Kudomi, Nobuyuki, et al.
(författare)
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Myocardial Blood Flow and Metabolic Rate of Oxygen Measurement in the Right and Left Ventricles at Rest and During Exercise Using 15O-Labeled Compounds and PET
- 2019
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Physiology. - Lausanne : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 1664-042X. ; 10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: Simultaneous measurement of right (RV) and left ventricle (LV) myocardial blood flow (MBF), oxygen extraction fraction (OEF), and oxygen consumption (MVO2) non-invasively in humans would provide new possibilities to understand cardiac physiology and different patho-physiological states. Methods: We developed and tested an optimized novel method to measure MBF, OEF, and MVO2 simultaneously both in the RV and LV free wall (FW) using positron emission tomography in healthy young men at rest and during supine bicycle exercise. Results: Resting MBF was not significantly different between the three myocardial regions. Exercise increased MBF in the LVFW and septum, but MBF was lower in the RV compared to septum and LVFW during exercise. Resting OEF was similar between the three different myocardial regions (similar to 70%) and increased in response to exercise similarly in all regions. MVO2 increased approximately two to three times from rest to exercise in all myocardial regions, but was significantly lower in the RV during exercise as compared to septum LVFW. Conclusion: MBF, OEF, and MVO2 can be assessed simultaneously in the RV and LV myocardia at rest and during exercise. Although there are no major differences in the MBF and OEF between LV and RV myocardial regions in the resting myocardium, MVO2 per gram of myocardium appears to be lower the RV in the exercising healthy human heart due to lower mean blood flow. The presented method may provide valuable insights for the assessment of MBF, OEF and MVO2 in hearts in different pathophysiological states.
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| 3. |
- Laaksonen, Marko, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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Muscle free fatty-acid uptake associates to mechanical efficiency during exercise in humans
- 2018
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Physiology. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1664-042X. ; 9:AUG
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Intrinsic factors related to muscle metabolism may explain the differences in mechanical efficiency (ME) during exercise. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between muscle metabolism and ME. Totally 17 healthy recreationally active male subjects were recruited and divided into efficient (EF; n=8) and inefficient (IE; n=9) groups, which were matched for age (mean±SD 24±2 vs. 23±2 yrs), BMI (23±1 vs. 23±2 kg m-2), physical acitivity levels (3.4±1.0 vs. 4.1±1.0 sessions/week), and V ̇O2peak (53±3 vs. 52±3 mL kg-1 min-1), respectively, but differed for ME at 45% of VO2peak intensity during submaximal bicycle ergometer test (EF 20.5±3.5 vs. IE 15.4±0.8 %, P < 0.001). Using Positron Emission Tomography, muscle blood flow (BF) and uptakes of oxygen (mVO2), fatty acids (FAU) and glucose (GU) were measured during dynamic submaximal knee-extension exercise. Workload-normalized BF (EF 35±14 vs. IE 34±11 mL 100g-1 min-1, P = 0.896), mVO2 (EF 4.1±1.2 vs. IE 3.9±1.2 mL 100g-1 min-1, P = 0.808), and GU (EF 3.1±1.8 vs. IE 2.6±2.3 μmol 100g-1 min-1, P = 0.641) as well as the delivery of oxygen, glucose, and fatty acids, as well as respiratory quotient were not different between the groups. However, FAU was significantly higher in EF than IE (3.1±1.7 vs. 1.7±0.6 μmol 100g-1 min-1, P < 0.047) and it also correlated with ME (r=0.56, P < 0.024) in the entire study group. EF group also demonstrated higher use of plasma fatty acids than IE, but no differences in use of plasma glucose and intramuscular energy sources were observed between the groups. These findings suggest that the effective use of plasma fatty acids is an important determinant of mechanical efficiency during exercise.
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| 4. |
- Laaksonen, Marko, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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Perfusion heterogeneity does not explain excess muscle oxygen uptake during variable intensity exercise
- 2010
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Ingår i: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging. - 1475-0961 .- 1475-097X. ; 30:4, s. 241-249
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The association between muscle oxygen uptake (VO2) and perfusion or perfusion heterogeneity (relative dispersion, RD) was studied in eight healthy male subjects during intermittent isometric (1 s on, 2 s off) one-legged knee-extension exercise at variable intensities using positron emission tomography and a-v blood sampling. Resistance during the first 6 min of exercise was 50% of maximal isometric voluntary contraction force (MVC) (HI-1), followed by 6 min at 10% MVC (LOW) and finishing with 6 min at 50% MVC (HI-2). Muscle perfusion and O2 delivery during HI-1 (26 ± 5 and 5·4 ± 1·0 ml 100 g−1 min−1) and HI-2 (28 ± 4 and 5·8 ± 0·7 ml 100 g−1 min−1) were similar, but both were higher (P<0·01) than during LOW (15 ± 3 and 3·0 ± 0·6 ml 100 g−1 min−1). Muscle VO2 was also higher during both HI workloads (HI-1 3·3 ± 0·4 and HI-2 4·1 ± 0·6 ml 100 g−1 min−1) than LOW (1·4 ± 0·4 ml 100 g−1 min−1; P<0·01) and 25% higher during HI-2 than HI-1 (P<0·05). O2 extraction was higher during HI workloads (HI-1 62 ± 7 and HI-2 70 ± 7%) than LOW (45 ± 8%; P<0·01). O2 extraction tended to be higher (P = 0·08) during HI-2 when compared to HI-1. Perfusion was less heterogeneous (P<0·05) during HI workloads when compared to LOW with no difference between HI workloads. Thus, during one-legged knee-extension exercise at variable intensities, skeletal muscle perfusion and O2 delivery are unchanged between high-intensity workloads, whereas muscle VO2 is increased during the second high-intensity workload. Perfusion heterogeneity cannot explain this discrepancy between O2 delivery and uptake. We propose that the excess muscle VO2 during the second high-intensity workload is derived from working muscle cells.
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| 7. |
- Mawhinney, Chris, et al.
(författare)
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Cool-Water Immersion Reduces Postexercise Quadriceps Femoris Muscle Perfusion More Than Cold-Water Immersion
- 2022
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Ingår i: Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise. - Philadelphia, PA : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 0195-9131 .- 1530-0315. ; 54:7, s. 1085-1094
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The muscle perfusion response to postexercise cold-water immersion (CWI) is not well understood. We examined the effects of graded postexercise CWI upon global and regional quadriceps femoris muscle perfusion using positron emission tomography and [15O]H2O. Methods: Using a matched-group design, 30 healthy men performed cycle ergometer exercise at 70% VO2peak to a core body temperature of 38°C, followed by either 10 min of CWI at 8°C, 22°C, or seated rest (control). Quadriceps muscle perfusion; thigh and calf cutaneous vascular conductance; intestinal, muscle, and local skin temperatures; thermal comfort; mean arterial pressure; and heart rate were assessed at preexercise, postexercise, and after CWI. Results: Global quadriceps perfusion was reduced beyond the predefined minimal clinically relevant threshold (0.75 mL per 100 g·min-1) in 22°C water versus control (difference (95% confidence interval (CI)), -2.5 (-3.9 to -1.1) mL per 100 g·min-1). Clinically relevant decreases in muscle perfusion were observed in the rectus femoris (-2.0 (-3.0 to -1.0) mL per 100 g·min-1) and vastus lateralis (-3.5 (-4.9 to -2.0) mL per 100 g·min-1) in 8°C water, and in the vastus lateralis (-3.3 (-4.8 to -1.9) mL per 100 g·min-1) in 22°C water versus control. The mean effects for vastus intermedius and vastus medialis perfusion were not clinically relevant. Clinically relevant decreases in thigh and calf cutaneous vascular conductance were observed in both cooling conditions. Conclusions: The present findings revealed that less noxious CWI (22°C) promoted clinically relevant postexercise decreases in global quadriceps muscle perfusion, whereas noxious cooling (8°C) elicited no effect. © Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
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| 8. |
- Naum, Alexandru, et al.
(författare)
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Motion detection and correction for dynamic: 15O-water myocardial perfusion PET studies
- 2005
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Ingår i: European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1619-7070 .- 1619-7089. ; 32:12, s. 1378-1383
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Patient motion during dynamic PET studies is a well-documented source of errors. The purpose of this study was to investigate the incidence of frame-to-frame motion in dynamic ( 15)O-water myocardial perfusion PET studies, to test the efficacy of motion correction methods and to study whether implementation of motion correction would have an impact on the perfusion results. We tested manual, in-house-developed motion correction software and an automatic motion correction using a rigid body point model implemented in MIPAV (Medical Image Processing, Analysis and Visualisation) software. At rest, patient motion was found in 18% of the frames, but during pharmacological stress the fraction increased to 45% and during physical exercise it rose to 80%. Both motion correction algorithms significantly decreased (p<0.006) the number of moved frames and the amplitude of motion (p<0.04). Motion correction significantly increased MBF results during bicycle exercise (p<0.02). Applying motion correction for the data acquired during exercise clearly changed the MBF results, indicating that motion correction is required for these studies.
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