| 1. |
- Alabaf, Setareh, et al.
(författare)
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Correction to : Physical health in children with neurodevelopmental disorders.
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of autism and developmental disorders. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0162-3257 .- 1573-3432. ; 49:1, s. 96-97
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake in Fig. 2 part labels, the label "d" was incorrectly labelled as "c" and the subsequent labels should be corrected as d, e, and f. The corrected Fig. 2 is given below.
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| 2. |
- Alabaf, Setareh, et al.
(författare)
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Physical health in children with neurodevelopmental disorders
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of autism and developmental disorders. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0162-3257 .- 1573-3432. ; 49:1, s. 83-95
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- With increasing numbers of children being diagnosed with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) attention has been drawn to these children's physical health. We aimed to identify the prevalence of defined physical problems (epilepsy, migraine, asthma, cancer, diabetes, psoriasis, lactose intolerance, celiac disease, diarrhea, constipation, daytime enuresis, encopresis) in a nationwide population of 9- and 12-year-old twins subdivided into those with and without indications of NDDs. Parents of 28,058 twins participated in a well-validated telephone interview regarding their children's mental health and answered questions about their physical problems. The results indicate a high rate of physical problems in children with NDDs, particularly in those with indications of the presence of combinations of several NDDs.
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| 3. |
- Anckarsäter, Henrik, 1966, et al.
(författare)
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The Child and Adolescent Twin Study in Sweden (CATSS).
- 2011
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Ingår i: Twin Research and Human Genetics. - : Cambridge University Press (CUP). - 1832-4274 .- 1839-2628. ; 14:6, s. 495-508
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Child and Adolescent Twin Study in Sweden (CATSS) is an ongoing longitudinal twin study targeting all twins born in Sweden since July 1, 1992. Since 2004, parents of twins are interviewed regarding the children's somatic and mental health and social environment in connection with their 9th or 12th birthdays (CATSS-9/12). By January 2010, 8,610 parental interviews concerning 17,220 twins had been completed, with an overall response rate of 80%. At age 15 (CATSS-15) and 18 (CATSS-18), twins and parents complete questionnaires that, in addition to assessments of somatic and mental health, include measures of personality development and psychosocial adaptation. Twin pairs in CATSS-9/12 with one or both twins screening positive for autism spectrum disorders, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, tic disorders, developmental coordination disorder, learning disorders, oppositional defiant disorder, conduct disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and/or eating problems have been followed with in-depth questionnaires on family, social environment and personality, and subsequently by clinical assessments at age 15 together with randomly selected population controls, including 195 clinically assessed twin pairs from the first 2 year cohorts (CATSS-15/DOGSS). This article describes the cohorts and study groups, data collection, and measures used. Prevalences, distributions, heritability estimates, ages at onset, and sex differences of mental health problems in the CATSS-9/12, that were analyzed and found to be overall comparable to those of other clinical and epidemiological studies. The CATSS study has the potential of answering important questions on the etiology of childhood mental health problems and their role in the development of later adjustment problems.
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| 4. |
- Andrén, Ulla, 1955-, et al.
(författare)
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Utveckling av ett nytt yrke inom socialpsykiatrisk vård
- 2019
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The program in Social Psychiatric Care is a three-year program at the university level leading to a vocational qualification in social psychiatric care and a bachelor's degree in the field of Health Sciences. Until the spring of 2018, six litters have graduated. Students in the social psychiatric care program often have personal interest, previous professional experience from the business areas or inspiration from related friends working in the field of activity. Personal experiences of problems in the fields of activity are also prominent among the students. Students believe that personal experience, willingness and ability is important in order to work within the profession. Characteristics of the students are also an interest and a clear empathetic willingness to work with people and they consider that the profession primarily requires characteristics such as altruism, empathy, social skills and deeper knowledge and understanding in the field. Upon completion of education, students want a career role where they can help other people, feel motivated, or they aim for specific positions or areas of activity. Both managers and alumni from the Social Psychiatric Care program value the broad professional competence that the program leads to. Psychiatric competence is emphasized as particularly valuable by both alumni and managers. This competence means that they also complement the other professions in the activities. Students consider themselves possessed a professional identity that involves introducing psychiatric and custody skills to organizations that previously lacked these perspectives. Something that also brings new approaches to patients, users and clients. Being able to use knowledge from several disciplines are considered to be a strength and competence that are well-needed in environments where people with mental ill health are cared for. The alumni perceive their knowledge as both interdisciplinary and interprofessional.
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| 5. |
- Bador, Kourosh, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of an Integrated Intensive Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Treatment Within Addiction Care
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Behavioral Health Services & Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1094-3412 .- 1556-3308. ; 47:1, s. 102-112
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The study aimed to evaluate an integrated intensive cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) group treatment for people with substance-related syndrome in outpatient care and to identify eventual gender differences. The study population consisted of 35 outpatients (18 male, 17 female) at a clinic in Western Sweden. The patients completed a four-month period of intensive group therapy and participated in the data collection at admission and discharge. The data were collected using the following inventories: Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventories, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale,Hopelessness Scale, and Trait Hope Scale. Results showed decreases in anxiety, depression and experience of hopelessness, and increases in self-esteem and hope. In females, the most dramatic improvement was measured for the anxiety and depression attributes, while in males the strongest effect was measured for hope and self-esteem. This study provides clinical evidence of the positive effects of integrated intensive CBT in outpatient care of people with substance-related syndrome.
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| 6. |
- Bador, Kourosh, et al.
(författare)
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Partnership Interacts with the Association between Leisure-Time Physical Activity and Positive Affect
- 2016
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Ingår i: Psychology. - : Scientific Research Publishing. - 2152-7180 .- 2152-7199. ; 7:6, s. 768-775
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Subjective well-being is a central concept of positive psychology, and is directly coupled with a high level of positive affect and a low level of negative affect. Positive affect is associated with enthusiasm, activity, hope and inspiration, while negative affect is associated with emotions such as anger, contempt, guilt, shame, fear, anxiety, depression, and stress. Physical activityis crucial for both physical and mental health and is positively associated with well-being. Gender and social factors (e.g., parenthood or partnership) have complex relations with well-being and affect. In the present study we aimed to 1) examine the association between leisure-time physical activity and affect and 2) investigate whether or not social factors interact with this association. Method: The study included information from 155 Swedish university students: 64 men (mean age 23 years) and 91 women (mean age 27 years). Students were asked to estimate their usual engagement in physical activity during their leisure-time by responding to the Godin Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire. They also reported the level of positive and negative emotions experienced during past weeks by completing the Positive Affect and Negative Affect Schedule instrument. Results: In the Swedish student population leisure-time physical activity correlated only with positive and not with negative affect. Students' gender, age or whether or not they had children did not influence this association. However, this correlation differed significantly between those who lived with a partner and those who were single. Conclusion: Leisure-time physical activityis positively correlated with an overall subjective well-being, and this correlation is modifiedby the social factor of partnership
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| 7. |
- Ben Ayad, Hatim, et al.
(författare)
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Psychometric Properties of Update Arabic Version of the Trait Hope Scale and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale
- 2024
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Ingår i: Indonesian Psychological Research. - 2655-9013 .- 2655-1640. ; 6:1, s. 1-16
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hope and self-esteem are crucial components of positive psychology, and there is a lack of tools to assess these concepts in Morocco. Therefore, this study aims to provide the necessary instruments for evaluating hope and self-esteem among Moroccan college students. A total of 1150 college students (444 males, 703 females) completed an updated Arabic version of the Trait Hope Scale (THS) and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES). The data underwent factorial and reliability analyses, with test-retest reliability assessed using responses from 26 students. Both the THS and RSES revealed a two-factor solution, and Multigroup Confirmatory Factor Analysis (MGCFA) demonstrated measurement invariance with respect to gender. Furthermore, the results indicated good and acceptable internal consistency (α = .85 for THS and α = .70 for RSES) and acceptable temporal stability (r = .72 for THS and r = .76 for RSES). In conclusion, the updated Arabic versions of the THS and RSES exhibited strong psychometric properties and stability. They have been established as valid and reliable tools for assessing hope and self-esteem among Moroccan college students.
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| 8. |
- Bouchatta, Otmane, et al.
(författare)
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Acute and chronic glue sniffing effects and consequences of withdrawal on aggressive behavior
- 2016
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Ingår i: Life Sciences. - : Elsevier BV. - 0024-3205 .- 1879-0631. ; 152, s. 14-20
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Drug abuse act on brain mechanisms that cause a high-risk individual to engage in aggressive and violent behavior. While a drug-violence relationship exists, the nature of this relationship is often complex, with intoxication, neurotoxic, and withdrawal effects often being confused and/or confounded. Glue sniffing is often a springboard to the abuse of more addictive drugs. Despite its high prevalence and serious consequences, we know relatively little about the aggressive behavioral effects of volatile inhalants abuse, especially glue. The aim of the present study was to investigate the link between the duration of glue exposure, a common substance abuse problem in Morocco, and the level of aggressive behavior during withdrawal. For this we used the isolation-induced aggression model "residents" in three groups of mice. The first group served as control resident animals (n=10, without exposure); the second group as experimental resident mice (n=10) tested before and after acute (first day) and chronic exposure to the glue, and at 1 and 2weeks of withdrawal; and the third group of 10 intruder animals. The results showed that the number of attacks decreased (halved) and the latency of the first attack increased (doubled) following acute glue sniffing. However, the effects of chronic exposure and of 1week of withdrawal led to an increase in the intensity of agonistic encounters. After 2weeks of withdrawal, the intensity of aggressive behavior decreased again. These results indicated that chronic glue exposure and the first week of withdrawal are associated with increased aggression in mice.
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| 9. |
- Bouchatta, Otmane, et al.
(författare)
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Neonatal 6-OHDA lesion model in mouse induces Attention-Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)-like behaviour
- 2018
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 8:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impaired attention, impulsivity and hyperactivity. The "neonatal 6-hydroxydopamine" (6-OHDA) lesion is a commonly used model of ADHD in rat. However, a comprehensive assessment of ADHD-like symptoms is still missing, and data in mouse remain largely unavailable. Our aim was to analyse symptoms of ADHD in the mouse neonatal 6-OHDA model. 6-OHDA mice exhibited the major ADHD-like symptoms, i.e. hyperactivity (open field), attention deficit and impulsivity (five-choice serial reaction time task). Further, the model revealed discrete co-existing symptoms, i.e. anxiety-like (elevated plus maze test) and antisocial (social interaction) behaviours and decreased cognitive functioning (novel object recognition). The efficacy of methylphenidate, a classical psychostimulant used in the treatment of ADHD, was also evaluated. A histological analysis further supports the model validity by indicating dopamine depletion, changes in cortical thickness and abnormalities in anterior cingulate cortex neurons. A principal component analysis of the behaviour profile confirms that the 6-OHDA mouse model displayed good face and predictive validity. We conclude that neonatal dopamine depletion results in behavioural and morphological changes similar to those seen in patients and therefore could be used as a model for studying ADHD pathophysiological mechanisms and identifying therapeutic targets.
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| 10. |
- Ćirović, N., et al.
(författare)
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Thought and mood/arousal disturbances as central broad dimensions in youth psychopathology : A network analysis
- 2024
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Ingår i: Neuroscience Applied. - 2772-4085. ; 3:Suppl 1, s. 103951-103951
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mounting evidence has implicated that the structure of psychopathology is better conceptualized as dimensional and not categorical as well as hierarchical [1-3]. A hierarchical structure includes a broad general dimension of psychopathology and more specific dimensions that capture distinct aspects of psychopathology [3]. Studies inquiring into the structure of psychopathology in youth are limited, but highly needed to provide the basis for aetiological research. A network paradigm could offer a novel way to study the structure of psychopathological dimensions revealing dynamics behind their interrelations.This study was based on the previous analysis that aimed to map various psychopathological symptoms and personality traits within the hierarchical structure based on the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) [2] in a multinational sample of 3923 community adolescents (34.7% males, aged 15 to 19 years) (https://osf.io/fujxa/).Twelve specific components were derived via sequential principal component analysis (PCA) and further analysed here: thought dysfunction, low mood, fearfulness, anxiety, physiological hyperarousal, attentional dysfunction, disruptive mood, antisocial behaviour, antagonistic behaviour, detachment, self-destructive behaviour, and substance use. These components were an input to a network analysis to study the grouping/node communities, interconnectedness, and centrality of them. The analyses include Exploratory Graph Analysis (EGA; model=glasso) for dimensionality/grouping analysis and network analysis (EBICglasso estimation performed on Spearman correlations) performed in EGAnet and bootnet packages in R. We used Strength and Expected Influence as centrality measures. Components are represented as nodes in the network.The EGA suggested four dimensions/node communities: the first consisting of substance use and antisocial behaviour, the second composed of self-destructive behaviour and disruptive mood, the third consisting of antagonism and detachment, and the fourth consisting of thought dysfunction, low mood, physiological arousal, anxiety, attentional dysfunction, and fearfulness.The network analysis revealed that thought dysfunction, physiological arousal, low mood, and disruptive mood were the most central nodes in the network suggesting their interconnectedness with all other nodes in the network.Our network analysis revealed that specific psychopathological subfactors in youth could be clustered into four broader separate dimensions. Specifically, thought and mood/arousal disturbances proved to be most interconnected with all other nodes/subfactors in the network suggesting that these subfactors could be central in youth psychopathology.This result reinforces earlier observations, indicating that thought dysfunction encompasses more than just disordered thought content and forms; it also represents a transdiagnostic phenomenon that spans various disorder dimensions [5]. Thought dysfunction is primarily associated with psychosis but it is also an indication of a broader inability to regulate thinking processes in general (i.e., dysfunctional processes) and extends to other cognitive-rational disturbances [1]. In addition, these findings also align with previous findings that negative affectivity (mostly related to individual differences in experiences of negative emotions), like low or disruptive mood and arousal difficulties highly likely underly general psychopathology [1].
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