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- Samuelsson, Jessica, et al.
(författare)
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Associations between dietary patterns and structural neuroimaging measures of relevance for dementia : Alzheimer’s Association International Conference (AAIC)
- 2022
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Associations between dietary patterns and structural neuroimaging measures of relevance for dementia Jessica Samuelsson, M.S.c¹, Anna Marseglia, PhD2, Olof Lindberg, PhD2, Eric Westman, PhD2, Silke Kern, MD, PhD¹, Felicia Ahlner M.S.c¹, Elisabet Rothenberg, PhD4, Ingmar Skoog, MD, PhD1,3*, Anna Zettergren, PhD¹* 1Neuropsychiatric Epidemiology Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, Centre for Ageing and Health (AGECAP) at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden, 2 Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, 3Department of Psychiatry Cognition and Old Age Psychiatry, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Region Västra Götaland, Mölndal, Sweden, 4Food and Meal Science, Kristianstad University, Kristianstad, Sweden Abstract Background: Diet is one of the lifestyle factors that could influence the risk of developing dementia, but effects of diet on the brain are not fully understood. Investigating associations between dietary patterns and structural neuroimaging measures of relevance for dementia could potentially increase this understanding. Methods: This study includes cross-sectional data from the population-based Gothenburg H70 Birth Cohort Studies based in Sweden, including 610 dementia-free 70-year-olds (born 1944, examined 2014-16) with dietary and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data (54 % women). Three dietary patterns were derived with principal component analysis, one labelled Western (e.g., refined cereal products, sweets, savory bakery/fast food), one Mediterranean (e.g., vegetables, fruits, whole grain cereal products) and one Low-fiber and high-alcohol (e.g., red meat/processed red meat, eggs, alcoholic beverages). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measures of cortical thickness, white matter microstructure (based on diffusion tensor imaging), and a small vessel disease score (sum of white matter hyperintensities, lacunes,cerebral microbleeds, perivascular spaces) of relevance for dementia were included. Analyses (linear and ordinal regression models) were adjusted for sex, energy intake, educational level, physical activity level, smoking and body mass index. Results: Results from this study showed a positive association between higher adherence to the Mediterranean dietary pattern and higher white matter microstructural integrity (B 0.077; 95% CI 0.002 – 0.153), and that a higher adherence to the Low-fibre and high-alcohol dietary pattern was negatively associated with total mean cortical thickness (B -0.011; 95% CI -0.019 – -0.003) and an Alzheimer’s disease signature of cortical thickness (mean entorhinal, inferior temporal, middle temporal, and fusiform thickness) (B -0.013; 95% CI -0.024 – -0.001) in the fully adjusted models. No associations were found between the small vessel disease score and the dietary patterns. Nor were there any associations between the western dietary pattern and the MRI measures. Conclusions: The result from this study suggests that there may be an association between diet and dementia-related brain alterations. These findings could be of importance for dementia prevention strategies and for future intervention studies investigating the effect of dietary patterns in relation to dementia incidence.
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| 2. |
- Samuelsson, Jessica, et al.
(författare)
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Associations of dietary patterns and CSF biomarkers for Alzheimer’s disease in a population-based sample of 70-year-olds
- 2020
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Ingår i: Alzheimer's & Dementia. - : Wiley. - 1552-5260 .- 1552-5279.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Diet could be a modifiable factor in the prevention of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Western-style dietary patterns are considered to increase the risk, while Mediterranean-style dietary patterns are considered protective. The aim of this study was to investigate the relation between dietary patterns and CSF biomarkers of relevance for AD. Method: Data was derived from the population based Gothenburg H70 Birth Cohort Studies in Gothenburg, Sweden (n=1203). CSF levels of β-amyloid (Aβ)42, total tau, and phosphorylated tau were measured with ELISA. Dietary intake was determined by the diet history method (n=861). Principal component analysis were performed to reduce 21 food groups into factors representing dietary patterns. Logistic regression analyses, with CSF biomarkers as dependent variables (pathological/not pathological), and linear regression analyses with CSF biomarkers as continuous variables, were performed on the dementia-free participants with both CSF and dietary data (n=269, 49% women). Analyses were adjusted for APOE ε4 status, energy intake, education, BMI, physical activity and sex. Analyses were also performed stratified by sex. Result: Four factors representing dietary patterns were derived from the principal component analysis. A western-style dietary pattern, a Mediterranean-style dietary pattern, a mixed dietary pattern with alcoholic beverages and a dietary pattern of high fat dairy products, eggs and refined cereal products. The odds ratio of having pathological values of total tau was higher among those with a higher compliance to a western-style dietary pattern (OR 1.37; 95%CI 1.02-1.80). The linear regression model indicate the same trend (r2=0.06, B=0.04, p=0.08). When stratified by sex, the odds ratio of having pathological values of phosphorylated tau was higher for those with a higher intake of high fat dairy products, eggs and refined cereal products among men (OR 3.38; 95%CI 1.22-9.36). We could not find an association between the other dietary patterns and CSF biomarkers. Conclusion: Our results indicate an association between western-style dietary patterns and increased levels of total tau and phosphorylated tau. However, there was no relation between a healthier Mediterranean-style dietary pattern and CSF biomarkers for AD.
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| 3. |
- Samuelsson, Jessica, et al.
(författare)
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P3-608 : DIETARY PATTERNS AMONG 70-YEAR-OLDS IN RELATION TO CSF BIOMARKERS FOR ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE
- 2019
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Ingår i: Alzheimer's & Dementia. - : Wiley. - 1552-5260.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Evidence suggests that diet could be a modifiable factor in the prevention of Alzheimeŕs disease (AD). High quality dietary patterns, such as the Mediterranean diet, has been suggested as protective, and lower quality dietary patterns, such as the western diet, has been suggested as a risk factor. Studies on the associations between dietary patterns and biomarker pathways for AD, are still limited. The aim of this study is to investigate the relation between dietary patterns and CSF biomarkers of relevance for AD in a sample of 70-year-olds from the general population. Methods Data was derived from the population based Gothenburg H70 Birth Cohort Studies in Gothenburg, Sweden (n=1203). There were 273 non-demented participants with dietary- and CSF data (49% women). CSF levels of β-amyloid (Aβ)42, total tau, and phosphorylated tau were measured with ELISA. Dietary intake was determined by the diet history method. Dietary intake was divided into food groups, and energy and nutrient intake were calculated. Statistical analyses were performed using general linear models, adjusted for energy intake, APOE4, BMI, education, and physical activity level. Results Lower levels of β-amyloid in CSF were associated with a higher intake of fast food (p=0.041), fiber (p=0.039), fiber-rich bread (p=0.004) and cereals (p=0.021) among men. Among women, lower levels of β-amyloid were associated with a higher intake of sweets (e.g. candy, sweet bakery) (p=0.022), before adjusting for covariates, but not after. Higher levels of total tau and phosphorylated tau were associated with a higher margarine intake (primarily butter-based) among men (p=0.033 and p=0.048). Among women, higher tau-levels were associated with a higher intake of soda (e.g. soft drink, lemonade) (p=0.003). Conclusions Preliminary results indicate that the intake of lower quality foods, such as fast food, butter-based margarines and soda, was related to more pathological levels of the CSF biomarkers. In men, we also found a relation between fibre, fibre-rich bread and cereals and more pathological levels. Fibre are considered healthy, but the dietary quality of fibre-rich bread and cereals can vary. Further analyses will be conducted using a Mediterranean dietary index and principal component analyses.
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