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- Sjödin, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
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Work related stress and stressors in the preschool environment
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The study included six departments, with two employees at each department, characterized by high levels of stress and burnout and six departments, with two employees at each department, characterized by low levels of stress andburnout. A total of 24 females with a mean age of 43.5 years participated in the study. The employees rated stress at work and burnout by use of different questionnaires. Cortisol samples were collected at wake up, one hour afterwake up, at 11:00 am and at 09:00 pm. An observation study was made to create an overview of the interactionbetween the children and the personnel during periods described as overloading.More than 50% of the employees stated that all members of the staff did not have equal commitment to the work. About 8% considered this stressful to a high degree. More than half found their increased administrative work task as stressful to a high degree. Half of the personnel felt it stressful to a high degree, not being able to give all the children the attention they needed.The highest stressors regarding the organization of the work were when conflicts occurred among the personnel. The highest stressors regarding noise were the children´s voices closely followed by noise when changing the children´sclothes. The highest stressor regarding the constitution of the child group was when the personnel experienced that they had a child in the group they thought needed special support. In general, the high stress group rated all stressors as higher compared to the low stress group. Significant differences were pronounced among stressors regarding“organization of the work” and “work situations”. The results also indicate that individuals who are highly stressed by noise from the childrens activities rated their rewards as lower. The high stress group had more communications to and from the children, both before lunch and during lunch.An essential conclusion, is also that noise and noise sources, may impair the work situation of the employees fundamentally, thereby increasing the stress levels. It is assumed that noise exposures in the preschool, isolated or in combination with other stressor, plays a fundamental role in the building up acute as well as long term stress. One of the stand points of the study is that overloaded communication between the personnel and children might be a pronounced factor behind the situational and longterm stress.
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| 2. |
- Brun, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Computing Riemannian Normal Coordinates on Triangle Meshes
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Imagine an ant walking around on the curved surface of a plant, a radio amateur planning to broadcast to a distant location across the globe or a pilot taking o from an airport - all of them are helped by egocentric maps of the world around them that shows directions and distances to various remote places. It is not surprising that this idea has already been used in cartography, where it is known as Azimuthal Equidistant Projection (AEP). If Earth is approximated by a sphere, distances and directions between two places are computed from arcs along great circles. In physics and mathematics, the same idea is known as Riemannian Normal Coordinates (RNC). It has been given a precise and general denition for surfaces (2-D), curved spaces (3-D) and generalized to smooth manifolds (N-D). RNC are the Cartesian coordinates of vectors that index points on the surface (or manifold) through the so called exponential map, which is a well known concept in dierential geometry. They are easily computed for a particular point if the inverse of the exponential map, the logarithm map, is known. Recently, RNC and similar coordinate systems have been used in computer graphics, visualization and related areas of research. In Fig. 1 for instance, RNC are used to produce a texture on the Stanford bunny through decal compositing. Given the growing use of RNC, which is further elaborated on in the next section, it is meaningful to develop accurate and reproducible techniques to compute this parameterization. In this paper, we describe a technique to compute RNC for surfaces represented by triangular meshes, which is the predominant representation of surfaces in computer graphics. The method that we propose has similarities to the Logmap framework, which has previously been developed for dimension reduction of unorganized point clouds in high-dimensional spaces, a.k.a. manifold learning. For this reason we sometimes refer to it as "Logmap for triangular meshes" or simply Logmap.
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| 3. |
- Eklund, Anders, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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On Structural Based Certainty for Robust fMRI Analysis
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- We present a method for obtaining and using a structural based certainty for robust functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) analysis. In the area of fMRI it is common to see brain activity maps with activity at the edge of the brain. It is however a known fact that activity close to the edge of the brain can be due to head movement, since the voxels close to the edge will have a higher variance if they switch between being outside and inside the brain. To some extent this can be remedied by aligning each volume to a reference volume, by the means of volume registration. However, the problem with fMRI volumes is that the slices in the volume normally are taken at different timepoints, and motion between the slices can occur. We calculate a structural based certainty for each voxel, from a high resolution T1-weighted volume, and incorporate this certainty into the statistical analysis of the fMRI data. We show that our certainty approach removes a lot of false activity, both on simulated data and on real data.
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