| 1. |
- Kristensen, Karl, et al.
(författare)
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Cystatin C, beta-2-microglobulin and beta-trace protein in pre-eclampsia
- 2007
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Ingår i: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 1600-0412 .- 0001-6349. ; 86:8, s. 921-926
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background. An altered renal function is an essential component of the patho-physiology of pre-eclampsia. The plasma levels of low molecular mass proteins, e. g. beta-trace protein, beta-2-microglobulin and cystatin C, are increased in the third trimester of normal pregnancy. The plasma levels of cystatin C and beta-2-microglobulin are further increased in preeclampsia, and the cystatin C level has been reported to be a reliable marker for the disease. The aim of this investigation was to study the plasma levels of beta-trace protein, beta-2-microglobulin and cystatin C in pre-eclampsia, and to determine the diagnostic performance of these proteins compared to that of urate and creatinine. Methods. A case-control study of 57 women diagnosed with pre-eclampsia, and 218 healthy women with uncomplicated singleton pregnancies in the third trimester. Women in the catchment area of Lund, Sweden, were included during an 18-month period from October 2003 to April 2005. Venous blood samples were drawn upon inclusion when diagnosis was made. The maternal plasma concentrations of the 3 proteins were analysed by automated particle-enhanced immunoturbidimetric assays. Results. The plasma levels of the 3 proteins were significantly higher in the third trimester of pre-eclamptic patients compared to healthy pregnant women in the third trimester. The upper reference limits ( parametric 97.5 percentile) were 2.57 mg/l for beta-2-microglobulin, 0.72 mg/l for beta-trace protein and 1.37 mg/l for cystatin C. ROC analysis showed similar diagnostic performance for the 3 proteins, with b-trace protein displaying the best diagnostic performance of all the analytes. Conclusions. In this study, the maternal plasma levels of beta 2-microglobulin, beta-trace protein and cystatin C were all significantly elevated in pre-eclampsia compared to those of healthy pregnant women, and displayed similar diagnostic performance for diagnosing pre-eclampsia. The results indicate that low molecular mass proteins are useful as markers of renal impairment in pre-eclampsia.
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| 2. |
- Kristensen, Karl, et al.
(författare)
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Increased plasma levels of ss(2)-microglobulin, cystatin C and ss-trace protein in term pregnancy are not due to utero-placental production.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Clinical & Laboratory Investigation. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1502-7686 .- 0036-5513. ; 68, s. 649-653
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective . To study concentration gradients of the low molecular mass proteins, ss(2)-microglobulin, cystatin C and ss-trace protein, between the uterine and ante-cubital veins, the umbilical artery and vein and in the amniotic fluid compartment. Material and methods. The study comprised 27 healthy women with uncomplicated pregnancies undergoing caesarean section at term. Samples were collected simultaneously and paired t-tests were used to compare mean plasma concentrations. Results . There was no significant concentration gradient in the plasma levels of ss(2)-microglobulin, cystatin C or ss-trace protein between the uterine and antecubital veins. There were no correlations between the protein levels in the compartments. Conclusion . The utero-placental unit does not contribute significantly to the maternal levels of ss(2)-microglobulin, cystatin C and ss-trace protein in normal pregnancy, and the proteins are not likely to be transferred across the placental barrier.
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| 3. |
- Kristensen, Karl, et al.
(författare)
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Serum Amyloid A Protein and C-Reactive Protein in Normal Pregnancy and Preeclampsia.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Gynecologic and Obstetric Investigation. - : S. Karger AG. - 1423-002X .- 0378-7346. ; 67:4, s. 275-280
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: To study plasma levels of serum amyloid A protein and C-reactive protein in pregnant women with and without preeclampsia and non-pregnant women. Plasma levels of haptoglobin, orosomucoid and ceruloplasmin were also analyzed. Methods: The study included 295 women with uncomplicated pregnancies, 57 women diagnosed with preeclampsia, and 58 healthy non-pregnant women. Plasma concentrations of acute phase proteins were analyzed by particle-enhanced immunoassays. Non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests were used to test differences between the groups. Results: Plasma levels of C-reactive protein and ceruloplasmin were increased in pregnant women with and without preeclampsia compared to non-pregnant women. Plasma levels of serum amyloid A protein and C-reactive protein were not elevated in women with preeclampsia compared to women with normal pregnancy. Conclusion: The description of preeclampsia as a systemic inflammatory state was not reflected in the plasma levels of serum amyloid A protein and C-reactive protein.
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| 4. |
- Kristensen, Karl, et al.
(författare)
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Temporal changes of the plasma levels of cystatin C, beta-trace protein, beta(2)-microglobulin, urate and creatinine during pregnancy indicate continuous alterations in the renal filtration process
- 2007
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Clinical & Laboratory Investigation. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1502-7686 .- 0036-5513. ; 67:6, s. 612-618
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. To determine the plasma levels of the renal functional markers creatinine, urate, cystatin C, beta(2)-microglobulin and beta-trace protein in samples from the first, second, early third and late third trimesters of 398 healthy women with uncomplicated singleton pregnancies. Material and methods. Plasma samples from 58 healthy non-pregnant women served as controls. The creatinine levels were significantly lower at all time-points in pregnancy, whereas the urate levels were lower during the first and second trimesters but increased in the late third trimester. The cystatin C, beta(2)-microglobulin and beta-trace protein levels displayed similar changes with increased levels in the third trimester but unaltered levels during the first and second trimesters. Results. The results indicate an increased filtration of low-molecular weight molecules during pregnancy, particularly during the first and second trimesters, whereas filtration of 10-30 kDa molecules is decreased in the third but unaltered in the first and second trimesters. The levels of albumin and alpha(2)-macroglobulin were measured in the same samples. Conclusions. The albumin levels decreased in the second and third trimesters, whereas the levels of alpha(2)-macroglobulin were unchanged, which is compatible with a virtually unaltered transfer of alpha(2)-macroglobulin between the intra-and extravascular space during pregnancy and a significantly increased extravascular fraction of albumin.
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