| 1. |
- Bröde, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Infrared radiation effects on heat loss measured by a thermal manikin wearing protective clothing
- 2005
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Ingår i: Environmental ergonomics XI : proceedings of the 11th International Conference, 22-26 May, 2005, Ystad, Sweden - proceedings of the 11th International Conference, 22-26 May, 2005, Ystad, Sweden. - 1650-9773. - 9163170620 ; , s. 74-77
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 2. |
- Fukazawa, Takako, et al.
(författare)
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Usability of a newly developed thermal manikin of infant to assess thermal stress in various environments
- 2005
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Ingår i: Environmental ergonomics XI : proceedings of the 11th International Conference, 22-26 May, 2005, Ystad, Sweden - proceedings of the 11th International Conference, 22-26 May, 2005, Ystad, Sweden. - 1650-9773. - 9163170620 ; , s. 618-623
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Holmér, Ingvar, et al.
(författare)
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Respiration and air flow pattern and airflow patterns during incremental exercise with respirators
- 2005
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Ingår i: Environmental ergonomics XI : proceedings of the 11th International Conference, 22-26 May, 2005, Ystad, Sweden - proceedings of the 11th International Conference, 22-26 May, 2005, Ystad, Sweden. - 1650-9773. - 9163170620 ; , s. 455-458
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 5. |
- Kuklane, Kalev, et al.
(författare)
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Calculation of clothing insulation by serial and parallel model, their effect on clothing choice by IREQ and thermal responses in the cold
- 2005
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Ingår i: Environmental ergonomics XI : proceedings of the 11th International Conference, 22-26 May, 2005, Ystad, Sweden - proceedings of the 11th International Conference, 22-26 May, 2005, Ystad, Sweden. - 1650-9773. - 9163170620 ; , s. 445-448
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 6. |
- Abele, Iveta, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of thermal resistance of the military sleeping bags
- 2015
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Ingår i: Advanced Materials Research. - 1022-6680. ; 1117, s. 299-302
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Military sleeping bags are envisaged for intensive use during military actions. They have extra properties that provide protection for military staff. In cold climatic conditions when sleeping bags are used for rest soldiers’s combat ability and survival depends on the thermal insulation properties of material technical resources (gear) and clothing. Aim of the research is to establish the extreme temperature of military sleeping bags and military uniforms complete sets, to find the optimal set and define conformity to NATO AECTP-230 “Climatic conditions” cold climate categories C0 – C1.
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| 7. |
- Alametsä, Jarmo, et al.
(författare)
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Age-related circulatory responses to whole body cooling: observations by ballistocardiographic EMFi sensors
- 2014
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Ingår i: Proceedings of Ambience 14&10i3m : Scientific Conference for Smart and Functional Textiles, Well-Being, Thermal Comfort in Clothing, Design, Thermal Manikins and Modellin, 7-9 September 2014, Tampere, Finland - Scientific Conference for Smart and Functional Textiles, Well-Being, Thermal Comfort in Clothing, Design, Thermal Manikins and Modellin, 7-9 September 2014, Tampere, Finland. - 2342-4540. - 9789521532696 ; 1
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose was to study age related changes in circulatory system via Ballistocardiography (BCG) by utilizing Electromechanical Film (EMFi) sensors by gradually changing the ambient temperature from a thermoneutral area to cold direction. ECG and BCG were recorded from a young person (23 years) and from an older person (78 years), both males. During the tests, brachium blood pressure (BP) and pulse signals were recorded from neck and ankle (with EMFi sensor strips). Thermal camera images were taken in order to find out temperature changes in whole body and limbs. Temporal durations and amplitudes of seat BCG:s components (systolic and diastolic) as well as from pulse signals from neck and ankle were calculated. Aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV) was obtained by utilizing the time between ECG’s R wave and maximum value of the ankle pulse signal. In both persons, the ankle pulse amplitude decreased when propagating to cold direction and increased in young person when returning to warmer ambient temperature. With young and old BCG:s systolic and diastolic temporal complexes remained stable, but systolic amplitudes increased in the older person (AHI 1.02 – 2.87, AIJ 0.7 – 2.66) as well as diastolic amplitudes (old; AKL 0.47 – 2.37). In the older person, PWV increased when moving to colder side. BP increased with a young person (from 95/64 to 132/75 mmHg), and with older person (from 125/68 to 176/101 mmHg) having a prominent rise in diastolic values during the cooling. The neck pulse wave amplitude AOP rise was modest with the younger person and had variation with the older person. Older person had also more intensive shivering compared to younger one. With the older person, the limbs stayed cold in thermal images when returning from cold to thermoneutral area. The present preliminary observations indicated clear age-related differences in the circulatory response to a mild whole-body thermal challenge.
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| 8. |
- Alametsä, Jarmo, et al.
(författare)
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Age‐related circulatory responses to whole body cooling: observations by heart rate variability
- 2015
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Ingår i: Finnish Journal of eHealth and eWelfare. - 1798-0798. ; 7:2-3, s. 57-64
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose was to study potential age ‐ related changes in the circulatory system via heart rate variability (HRV) by gradually lowering ambient temperature (0.2°C/min) from thermoneutral (32 C°) towards cold (18 C°). ECG was recorded from a young (31 years) and from an older subject (78 years), both males. During the tests, brachium blood pressure (BP) was recorded. During the cooling, BP increased in both subjects (young from 95/69 to 132/75 mmHg, old from 125/68 to 176/101 mmHg), the latter exhibiting a prominent rise in diastolic values after cooling. HRV parameters increased in both subjects during the cold exposure being modest in the younger subject as compared to the older one. Also, recovery from the cold in terms of HRV was faster in the younger subject. The present preliminary observations indicate that older age is coupled with altered HRV response to a mild whole‐body skin cooling.
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| 9. |
- Aljaste, Helena, et al.
(författare)
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Better bicycle helmets for commuters – evaluation of ventilation
- 2014
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Ingår i: International Cycling Safety Conference 2014.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- As a continuation of the work on the development of setting the requirements for ventilation of a bicycle helmet for commuters, 15 full scale helmet mock-ups were created by the students of the Estonian Academy of Arts. In order to encourage creativity for ventilation solutions the students were not restricted to consider the other properties except it was pointed out that the meaning of helmets use is protection. These 1:1 scaled mock-ups were tested at Thermal Environment Laboratory, Lund University for their heat transfer characteristics (insulation) in a wind tunnel on a thermal head manikin. The helmets were tested at the room temperature with the air velocities of 0.2, 1.6 and 6.0 m/s. The air velocities of 0.2 and 1.6 m/s were tested without a wig and 1.6 and 6.0 m/s were tested with wig to simulate the effect of hair. In addition, 4 reference helmets were tested in some conditions. Three (3) of them were one of the best, one average and one of the less well performing helmets of an earlier study, and one was a helmet commonly bought and used by an ordinary bicyclist. The helmets in new design were affected by ventilation and covered a wide range of insula-tion. The reference helmets from the earlier study stayed quite in the middle of the tested range. Thus, the new solutions could work much better or worse than available helmets. However, practically any new helmet was better than the common helmet from the shop. It was also very clear that various air velocities affected heat loss from the helmets. This means that a best solution for a commuter has to be defined by the user’s bicycling velocity. The best ventilation solutions will be chosen and the design work with considering of impact testing will be continued.
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| 10. |
- Aljaste, Helena, et al.
(författare)
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The effects of air channel construction and design elements on heat transfer characteristics of bicycle helmets for commuters
- 2015
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Ingår i: International Cycling Safety Conference 2015.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The earlier studies in this measurement series defined the limits and aims for design process to create better ventilating helmets [1], and tested the insulation [2] and evaporative characteristics [3] of the designed mock-ups. In addition some of the tested mock-ups were modified to study more closely the factors that were expected to improve heat transfer from the bicycle helmets. The present paper covers making a new prototype that allowed modifications of the air channels and in- and outlet openings. In total 2 new helmet design concept mock-ups were created and tested with 13 modifications in comparison with 6 selected helmets from the previous studies including the modified versions. The mock-ups were tested at the Thermal Environment Laboratory, Lund University for insulation and evaporative resistance. Dry tests for insulation were carried on at 20 °C temperature in a wind tunnel on a thermal head manikin at the chosen air velocities of 1.6 m/s on a bald head and 1.6 m/s and 6 m/s with the wig in order to simulate the effect of hair. Wet tests were carried out with textile skin on the head manikin, using the air velocity 1.6 m/s with and without the wig. As the main result it was concluded that a well ventilating helmet is characterized by less contact with the head, and proper air channels with strategically placed air inlets and outlets. Large openings worked much better than a several small ones, yet, the care has to be taken as too large openings reduce the helmet protective capabilities. The shape and other design related modifications of the air inlets and outlets had minimal effect on ventilation.
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