| 1. |
- Bessel, V. V., et al.
(författare)
-
Current trends in global energy sector development with the use of hybrid technologies in energy supply systems
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Neftânoe hozâjstvo. - : Neftyanoe Khozyaistvo. - 0028-2448. ; 2020:3, s. 31-35
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The article presents the modern trends in development of global energy sector. It is shown that in ХХ-ХХI centuries the growth rate of energy consumption outpaces the growth rate of the Earth's population, which, in turn, is constantly increasing. The analysis of energy consumption structure dynamics for the period of 1980-2018 shows the leading rates of growth of a share of natural gas and renewable energy in the world energy consumption balance, associated with energy efficiency and huge gas resources, inexhaustible renewable energy resources and low level of environmentally harmful emissions when using these types of energy. The analysis of the tendency of the mineral-raw material base of hydrocarbon raw materials development shows that the growth of oil reserves is provided, basically, by the high-viscosity bituminous oil of the Orinoco river belt in Venezuela and Athabasca province in Canada, and natural gas in four countries Russia, Turkmenistan, Iran and Qatar. The trend of change in the hydrocarbon reserves availability index is estimated; currently it is equal to 53 years and tends to decline further. Based on the analysis of the fossil fuels share used in centralized electricity generation the conclusion was made about low efficiency of thermal energy. It is shown that in the medium and long term the world energy sector will be developed with the use of hybrid energy technologies that will significantly improve the energy supply efficiency and reliability especially in regions with undeveloped energy infrastructure. Substantial redistribution of energy load from thermal energy to energy generation based on hybrid technologies will make it possible to use hydrocarbons not as fuel but as raw materials for innovative products of oil and gas chemistry. Thermal energy based on the combustion of fossil fuels and the use of nuclear energy will dominate in the global energy mix, but its share will gradually decrease. In the medium term, the share of natural gas in the global energy balance will continue to increase with a renewable energy sources growing contribution to the energy supply that will be developed as hybrid technologies.
|
|
| 2. |
- Bessel, V. V., et al.
(författare)
-
Energy efficiency and reliability increase for remote and autonomous objects energy supply of russian oil and gas complex
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Neftânoe hozâjstvo. - : Neftyanoe Khozyaistvo. - 0028-2448. ; :9, s. 144-147
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Analysis of the global energy market development allows to conclude that natural gas is becoming the main energy resource in the structure of world energy consumption in the nearest future. At the same time the statistical data show that there is a significant reduction in the hydrocarbon reserves over hydrocarbon production, and the time is right to concern about the development of renewable energy projects. The authors analyzed the indicators of the availability of the hydrocarbon reserves over hydrocarbon production. Calculations show that the values of the reserves-to-production ratio are estimated as 90 years for organic fuel and as 54 years for hydrocarbon raw materials in 2017. The projects of "hybrid" energy that combine the traditional production of hydrocarbons with the development of renewable energy projects will be the most needed in the medium term. Some proposals on the subject of this article are based on the collaborate research of Gubkin University and Royal Institute of Technology (Stockholm, Sweden). Currently the autonomous combined power installation on renewable energy sources with energy storage system application is very attractive. The analysis shows that the most objects of the Russian oil and gas complex are located in areas that are promising for the practical use of renewable energy such as solar and wind energy. The results of modeling show that the autonomous combined power installation on renewable energy sources with energy storage system application is one of the possible ways to increase the energy efficiency and reliability of remote oil and gas facilities energy supply.
|
|
| 3. |
- Bessel, V. V., et al.
(författare)
-
Sustainable transformation of the global energy system : Natural gas in focus
- 2020
-
Ingår i: 2nd International Scientific Conference on Sustainable and Efficient Use of Energy, Water and Natural Resources, SEWAN 2019. - : IOP Publishing.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The global energy system is experiencing a transformation. An analysis of the dynamics of global energy production and consumption indicates that a paradigm shift is occurring toward more reliable and sustainable energy sources with the dominance of natural gas. Even though the reserves-to-production ratio for hydrocarbons is declining, it is natural gas that can ensure the sustainable development of the energy system to meet the growing energy needs of humankind. Natural gas can also significantly reduce the environmental burden. In the medium term, it will be the main source of energy along a gradual transition to renewable energy. Natural gas can serve as a transition fuel within a broader deployment of hybrid energy technologies. Hybridization - the generation of energy using both fossil fuels and renewable energy sources - is one of the most promising areas of energy system development, contributing to a significant reduction in greenhouse gas emissions. In our opinion, hybridization based on natural gas is a "bridge to the future" for the world energy system.
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
- Kutcherov, Vladimir G., 1955-, et al.
(författare)
-
The paradigm shift in the global energy market : Domination of natural gas
- 2017
-
Ingår i: International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference Surveying Geology and Mining Ecology Management, SGEM. - : STEF92 Technology. - 9786197408263 ; , s. 813-820
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the 20th century, giant reserves of natural gas were discovered, intensive construction of main gas pipelines began, and effective technologies for liquefying and transporting natural gas in a reduced state appeared. This led to the fact that in the first decade of the 21st century the share of natural gas in the world energy balance increased significantly. The developed and well-established transportation system and modern fuel and energy equipment allow the delivery of natural gas to almost any place on the planet at a relatively low price. Natural gas is a relatively clean source of energy; when it is burned, an insignificant amount of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide is formed with almost no ash and dust. Currently, a paradigm shift is observed in the global energy market. The global world energy system has entered a new period of its development-the era of natural gas. One of the main questions for this period is for how long will we have natural gas resources? Based the proven reserves and annual production of natural gas data, it is not difficult to calculate that these reserves will be sufficient only for the next 50-60 years. Is this correct? What are the real reserves of natural gas on our planet? Scientific considerations about the origin of hydrocarbons, plus discovered reserves of unconventional gas, particularly shale gas and gas hydrates, provide evidence of the presence of enormous, virtually inexhaustible hydrocarbon resources in our planet. We clearly have sufficient natural gas for several hundred years. To ensure the sustainable development of this energy resource we need to create and implement into the market innovative technologies for natural gas deposit exploration and exploitation. The environmental aspect should be one of the main criteria to assess these new technologies.
|
|
| 7. |
|
|
| 8. |
- Serovaiskii, A. Y., et al.
(författare)
-
Investigation of the LiCu2O2 Phase Samples Treated under High Thermobaric Conditions
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Crystallography reports (Print). - : Pleiades Publishing Ltd. - 1063-7745 .- 1562-689X. ; 66:6, s. 1060-1065
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Orthorhombic lithium cuprate LiCu2O2 was exposed to high temperature and pressure of 950 degrees C and 4.5 GPa. X-ray diffraction studies indicate that the treated samples of LiCu2O2 had tetragonal symmetry, in contrast to the orthorhombic one of the phase synthesized at atmospheric pressure. Temperature dependences of dielectric permittivity epsilon and tangent of dielectric loss tan delta, as well as DC (direct current), resistivity, rho were investigated in the temperature range 77-296 K. No anomalous changes of the studied parameters inherent in the phase transitions were detected in this temperature range. The rho(T) dependences were common to semiconductors. These dependences were linearized in the Mott coordinates log rho-1/T (0.25). It indicated the variable length hopping mechanism of conduction between the next nearest neighbors in the studied samples.
|
|
| 9. |
- Inguva, V., et al.
(författare)
-
An explicit symplectic approach to solving the wave equation in moving media
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Engineering Reports. - : Wiley. - 2577-8196. ; 5:3
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An explicit approach using symplectic time integration in conjunction with traditional finite difference spatial derivatives to solve the wave equation in moving media is presented. A simple operator split of this second order wave equation into two coupled first order equations is performed, allowing these split equations to be solved symplectically. Orders of symplectic time integration ranging from first to fourth along with orders of spatial derivatives ranging from second to sixth are explored. The case of cylindrical acoustic spreading in air under a constant velocity in a 2D square structured domain is considered. The variation of the computed time-of-flight, frequency, and wave length are studied with varying grid resolution and the deviations from the analytical solutions are determined. It was found that symplectic time integration interferes with finite difference spatial derivatives higher than second order causing unexpected results. This is actually beneficial for unstructured finite volume tools like OpenFOAM where second order spatial operators are the state-of-the art. Cylindrical acoustic spreading is simulated on an unstructured 2D triangle mesh showing that symplectic time integration is not limited to the spatial discretization paradigm and overcomes the numerical diffusion arising with the in-built numerical methods which hinder wave propagation.
|
|
| 10. |
- Kutcherov, Vladimir, et al.
(författare)
-
Crystallization and glass transition in crude oils and their fractions at atmospheric and high pressures
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Journal of Molecular Liquids. - : Elsevier. - 0167-7322 .- 1873-3166. ; 241, s. 428-434
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- A short review of up-to-date experimental data and theoretical notions concerning crystallization and the glass transition in complex hydrocarbon systems – crude oils and their fractions – is presented. Special attention is given to the behavior of crude oils and their fractions at high pressure. It is demonstrated that all oils may be approximately divided into two classes. For the first class of oils and fractions (with high initial viscosity), one can observe the onset of the non-equilibrium glassification process at decreasing temperature or increasing pressure. For those in the second class (with low viscosity), cooling or increased pressure leads to a multi-step crystallization process (mainly of n-alkanes) continuing up to the onset of main matrix glassification. For all oils and fractions investigated, crystallization does not influence the position of the glass transition line of the main matrix.
|
|
