| 1. |
- Anthonsen, Mette, 1972, et al.
(författare)
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Natural Resource Dependency and Quality of Government
- 2009
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper introduces quality of government rather than regime type as dependent variable in studies of the political effects of natural resources. It consists of two parts. First, it theorizes the role of fiscal dependency of oil and gas rents in relation to three different dimensions of quality of government; low corruption, bureaucratic quality and legal impartiality. Second, it finds significant, negative effects of oil and gas rent dependency on all three dimensions of quality in a sample of 139 states in the period 1984 to 2006. The results hold for inclusion of control variables such as regime type, income, region and religion.
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| 2. |
- Carlsson, Fredrik, 1968, et al.
(författare)
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Conformity and the demand for environmental goods
- 2008
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- We test the hypothesis that people conform to certain social norms, i.e. that some individuals may be willing to pay a higher price premium for green products the more widespread green consumerism is in society. To investigate consumer preferences for environmentally friendly products, we conducted a choice experiment where the respondents were asked to choose among coffee products varying with respect to their share of ecological beans, share of fair trade beans, and price. Three treatments were used, differing only in the information given about the choices made by other consumers. More specifically, the respondents in the three subgroups were told that 10%, 50%, and 90% of all other consumers chose the alternative with 100% ecological beans. We find different responses to the treatments across individuals. In particular, we can only confirm our hypothesis of conformity for women, although men appear to have stronger preferences for ecological coffee than women.
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| 3. |
- Ahlgren, Erik, 1962, et al.
(författare)
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Biokombi Rya - slutrapporter från ingående delprojekt
- 2007
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Inom projektet Biokombi Rya har ett flertal olika forskargrupper samarbetat för att studera system¬effekterna av förgasning av biobränsle ur olika aspekter. Syftet med projektet är att öka kunskapen om biobränsleförgasning i Sverige samt att utreda förutsättningar för att sådana anläggningar ska vara ekonomiskt och miljömässigt intressanta. En referensgrupp har varit kopplad till projektet där förutsättningar, resultat och slutsatser har behandlats.I denna underlagsrapport har slutrapporterna från projektets delprojekt samlats. De beskriver förutsättningar, metodansatser, använda data och resultat utförligt och utgör på så sätt ett viktigt komplement till den mer övergripande beskrivningen i projektets syntesrapport. De delrapporter som ingår har valts för att täcka in samtliga delar av projektet som är av allmänt intresse. Projektresultat som publicerats på annat sätt berörs dock mer kortfattat.Projektet Biokombi Rya har pågått under två år (2005-2006) och drivits av Chalmers EnergiCentrum. Förutom de omfattande analysinsatser som författarna till denna rapport står för, har Avdelningen för kemisk teknologi vid KTH, Siemens Industrial Turbines AB och Göteborg Energi AB bidragit med expertstöd. CIT Industriell Energianalys, med undertecknad som projektledare, har stått för projektledning och koordination.Projektet har finansierats av Energimyndigheten, Göteborg Energis forsknings¬stiftelse samt Göteborg Energi AB.
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| 4. |
- Andersson, David, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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Attitudes to Personal Carbon Allowances
- 2011
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Ingår i: WORKING PAPERS IN ECONOMICS. - 1403-2465. ; 505
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A personal carbon allowance (PCA) scheme targets emissions from individual consumption and allocates allowances directly to individuals by dividing the carbon budget on a per capita basis. In this study we analyze the results of a survey sent out to a representative sample of the Swedish population regarding attitudes to a potential PCA scheme. The distinctive design of a PCA scheme is likely to give rise to specific factors affecting individuals‟ attitudes, such as the perceived fairness of the allocation of allowances and corresponding redistribution of wealth, as well as the perceived complexity of the scheme. We perform an ordered probit analysis with attitude to PCAs as the dependent variable, controlling for a number of variables potentially affecting such attitudes. Interestingly, our findings indicate that the most important variable explaining attitudes to the scheme is the perception of respondents that this type of policy instrument seems very complex.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Burtraw, Dallas, et al.
(författare)
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A Price Floor Solution to the Allowance Surplus in the EU ETS : Mistra Indigo Policy Paper no.2
- 2013
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Since 2008 there has been a rapid buildup of surplus emissions allowances in the EU ETS. The European Commission has presented six structural options to address the oversupply of allowances on a long-term basis. One option would introduce price management mechanisms, which could allow for the use of a price floor. A price floor has been mischaracterized as a tax, an instrument that has historically faced political opposition, and the commission states that an explicit carbon price objective would alter the nature of the EU ETS being a quantity-based market instrument. However, a price floor is structurally different from a tax in multiple ways, and its merits are well documented in the academic literature. This rule-based approach could reinforce the market-based philosophy and investment climate of the ETS.
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| 7. |
- Burtraw, Dallas, et al.
(författare)
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Climate Policy Options and Consequences in the International Spotlight: A Report for Industry on the Implications of Domestic Policy Design and Global Negotiations
- 2015
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Following the 2009 Copenhagen Summit, momentum for mitigating global climate change has been spurred by the idea that success at the international level must be built around existing national policies. The Mistra Indigo research program —a collaboration among IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute, the University of Gothenburg’s Department of Economics, and Resources for the Future—was created to analyze this bottom-up approach to climate policy. From 2012-2015 the program brought together leading experts in economics and environmental policy, with the goal of understanding how to design and select environmental policy instruments to promote longterm, cost-effective global climate change mitigation change while taking into account the uncertain ties of international policy.
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| 8. |
- Carlsson, Fredrik, 1968, et al.
(författare)
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A Fair Share : Burden-Sharing Preferences in the United States and China
- 2010
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Using a choice experiment, we investigated preferences for distributing the economic burden of decreasing CO2 emissions in the two largest CO2-emitting countries: the United States and China. We asked respondents about their preferences for four burden-sharing rules to reduce CO2 emissions according to their country’s 1) historical emissions, 2) income level, 3) equal right to emit per person, and 4) current emissions. We found that U.S. respondents preferred the rule based on current emissions, while the equal right to emit rule was clearly least preferred. The Chinese respondents, on the other hand, preferred the historical rule, while the current emissions rule was the least preferred. Respondents overall favored the rule that was least costly for their country. These marked differences may explain the difficulties countries face in agreeing how to share costs, presenting a tough hurdle to overcome in future negotiations. We also found that the strength of the preferences was much stronger in China, suggesting that how mitigation costs are shared across countries is more important there.
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| 9. |
- Carlsson, Fredrik, 1968, et al.
(författare)
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Airline choice, switching costs and frequent flyerprograms
- 2004
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Switching costs are costs that customers face when switching from one firm to another. In markets such as the airline market where repeated purchases are common, switching costs may be substantial. In this paper we estimate the switching costs for domestic airline routes in Sweden between 1992 and 2002. In addition we also test for the determinants of switching costs. In particular we test to what extent factors such as frequent flyer programs and flag carriers have an effect on switching costs. The paper ends with a brief discussion on the welfare consequences of switching cots, where the connection between habit formation and switching costs is discussed.
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| 10. |
- Carlsson, Fredrik, 1968, et al.
(författare)
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Discrimination in Scientific Review - A natural field experiment on blind versus non-blind review
- 2009
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper analyzes the impacts of gender, as well as other author characteristics, on reviewers’ grading of papers submitted to an international conference in economics in Sweden in 2008. Correcting for other variables, including country and research field as well as researcher academic level, we focus on the difference in grades between blind and non-blind review treatments. We find little effect of non-blind reviewing and no significant evidence of gender or any other type of discrimination. Furthermore, we do not find any significant difference between the average grading by female and male reviewers.
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