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- Ekberg, Lars, 1962, et al.
(författare)
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Buildings Post Corona
- 2022
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Ingår i: The REHVA European HVAC Journal. - 1307-3729. ; 59:2, s. 19-21
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Buildings Post Corona is a Swedish collaborative research project between Chalmers, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Lund, and Umeå Universities. The project supports the building sector in designing and maintaining sustainable buildings with a healthy and good indoor environment. The COVID-19 crisis has stressed the importance and urge of this research, which is financially supported by FORMAS (a governmental research council for sustainable development https://formas.se)
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- Ladhani, Laila, et al.
(författare)
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Efficient electrostatic sampling of aerosols into liquid
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Despite an increasing demand for the identification and quantification of airborne pathogens, there is an unmet need for point-of-care instruments that provide both capture and analysis of bioaerosols. The integration of electrostatic precipitation of aerosol particles directly into liquid with lab-on-a-chip-based biomolecular analysis has been previously suggested as a promising solution for this purpose.This work investigates liquid collector designs for such instruments. We hypothesize that the geometry of the collector; and the position of its air-liquid interface with respect to the electrostatic field and aerosol flow, can be optimized for a maximum sample concentration.We designed four liquid collectors with a small form factor, adapted for concatenating point-to-plane electrostatic precipitators with integrated downstream analysis. The collectors were evaluated for their absolute mass collection and their sample concentration, by sampling radioactive aerosol and color dye aerosol. Collectors with their air-liquid surface parallel to the charged aerosol flow performed significantly better than those shaped as a cup with an air-liquid surface perpendicular to the flow. Whereas the electrostatic precipitators with the best performing collector designs captured only 32% of the aerosol mass compared to a commercial impinger, their resulting sample concentration was 4 times higher.
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- Linell, Julia, et al.
(författare)
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Alterations of particle deposition in the respiratory tract at increasing activity
- 2023
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The deposited dose of particles in the respiratory tract is an important factor for understanding health effects of aerosol particles. It is a combination of the exposure, volume of inhaled air and particle deposition. At increasing activity the minute ventilation ( volume of breath x number of breaths ) increase . Little is known about if and how this affects the regional particle deposition.
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- Löndahl, Jakob
(författare)
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Experimental Determination of the Deposition of Aerosol Particles in the Human Respiratory Tract
- 2009
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Aerosol particles have, since the antiquity, been linked to adverse effects on human health. It is estimated that the particles in urban air pollution cause at least 100,000 deaths in Europe each year, whereof 5,000 in Sweden. These figures do not include the outcomes of indoor sources or smoking, which shortens the lives of millions of people worldwide. During recent years especially the ultrafine particles (<0.1 µm), typically originating from combustion sources, have been a major concern. The deposition in the respiratory tract of these particles is one important factor determining their health effects. Limited data is available, especially for real-world aerosols. The objective of this thesis was to experimentally study the respiratory tract deposition of submicrometer aerosol particles. METHODS: A novel method (RESPI) was developed for investigation of fine and ultrafine particle deposition in the respiratory tract. It was designed to be used for human subjects in exposure studies and in typical ambient and indoor environments. RESPI was used in measurements of respiratory tract deposition for in total 50 subjects inhaling five aerosols (particles from NaCl, DEHS oil, two types of biomass combustion and from a busy street) during rest and exercise. RESULTS: It was shown that the probability of aerosol particles to deposit in the respiratory tract is altered by a factor 2-8 depending on particle size, particle solubility and individual breathing patterns. For particles in the studied size interval (10-600 nm), deposition probability was not, or only marginally, influenced by gender, level of exercise, particle shape and particle density. However, these factors altered the total amount of particles deposited. For example male and exercising subjects inhaled larger volumes of air, which increased the total number of deposited particles. Measurements of biomass combustion and street particles illustrated that the combined effects of physical and chemical properties of aerosols (particle size, density and solubility) may result in substantial differences in deposition. At the same mass exposure, the dose of traffic exhaust particles deposited in the respiratory tract was 16 times higher by number and 3 times higher by surface compared to those for biomass combustion particles. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that parts of the variations in toxicity of different aerosols could be explained by the amount of particles deposited in the respiratory tract. Furthermore, some individuals may be more susceptible to effects from air pollution due to a higher dose to the lungs.
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