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- Grant, Marcus, et al.
(författare)
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Research for City Practice
- 2017
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Ingår i: Cities and Health. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2374-8834 .- 2374-8842. ; 1:2, s. 108-119
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- CITY KNOW-HOW: Human health and planetary health are both influenced by city lifestyles, city leadership, and city development. For both, worrying trends are leading to increasing concern. It is imperative that both become core foci in urban policy. Changing the trajectory will require concerted action. The journal Cities & Health journal is dedicated to supporting the flow of knowledge, in all directions to help make this happen. We want to support communication between researchers, practitioners, policy-makers, communities and decision-makers in cities. This is the purpose of this City Know-how section of the journal. ‘Research for city practice’ disseminates lessons from research, explaining the key messages for city leaders, communities and the professions involved in city policy and practice. ‘City shorts’ provide glimpses of what is being attempted or achieved. ‘Case studies’ are where you will find evaluations of interventions and ‘Commentary and debate’ helps extend the conversations we are having and develop much needed new thinking. Join in these conversations. In service to strengthening the community of interest, we would like to include many and varied voices, including those from younger practitioners and researchers, connected with supporting health and health equity in everyday urban lives.
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- van der Most, Robbert G., et al.
(författare)
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Tumor eradication after cyclophosphamide depends on concurrent depletion of regulatory T cells: a role for cycling TNFR2-expressing effector-suppressor T cells in limiting effective chemotherapy
- 2009
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Ingår i: Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1432-0851 .- 0340-7004. ; 58:8, s. 1219-1228
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Tumor cell death potentially engages with the immune system. However, the efficacy of anti-tumor chemotherapy may be limited by tumor-driven immunosuppression, e.g., through CD25(+) regulatory T cells. We addressed this question in a mouse model of mesothelioma by depleting or reconstituting CD25(+) regulatory T cells in combination with two different chemotherapeutic drugs. We found that the efficacy of cyclophosphamide to eradicate established tumors, which has been linked to regulatory T cell depletion, was negated by adoptive transfer of CD25(+) regulatory T cells. Analysis of post-chemotherapy regulatory T cell populations revealed that cyclophosphamide depleted cycling (Ki-67(hi)) T cells, including foxp3(+) regulatory CD4(+) T cells. Ki-67(hi) CD4(+) T cells expressed increased levels of two markers, TNFR2 and ICOS, that have been associated with a maximally suppressive phenotype according to recently published studies. This suggest that cyclophosphamide depletes a population of maximally suppressive regulatory T cells, which may explain its superior anti-tumor efficacy in our model. Our data suggest that regulatory T cell depletion could be used to improve the efficacy of anti-cancer chemotherapy regimens. Indeed, we observed that the drug gemcitabine, which does not deplete cycling regulatory T cells, eradicates established tumors in mice only when CD25(+) CD4(+) T cells are concurrently depleted. Cyclophosphamide could be used to achieve regulatory T cell depletion in combination with chemotherapy.
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