| 1. |
- Ekman, Carl Johan, et al.
(författare)
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A History of Psychosis in Bipolar Disorder is Associated With Gray Matter Volume Reduction.
- 2017
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Ingår i: Schizophrenia bulletin. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1745-1701 .- 0586-7614. ; 43:1, s. 99-107
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Psychotic symptoms are prevalent in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and other psychiatric and neurological disorders, yet the neurobiological underpinnings of psychosis remain obscure. In the last decade, a large number of magnetic resonance imaging studies have shown differences in local gray matter volume between patients with different psychiatric syndromes and healthy controls. Few studies have focused on the symptoms, which these syndromes are constituted of. Here, we test the association between psychosis and gray matter volume by using a sample of 167 subjects with bipolar disorder, with and without a history of psychosis, and 102 healthy controls. Magnetic resonance images were analyzed on group level using a voxel-wise mass univariate analysis (Voxel-Based Morphometry). We found that patients with a history of psychosis had smaller gray matter volume in left fusiform gyrus, the right rostral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, and the left inferior frontal gyrus compared with patients without psychosis and with healthy controls. There was no volume difference in these areas between the no-psychosis group and healthy controls. These areas have previously been structurally and functionally coupled to delusions and hallucinations. Our finding adds further evidence to the probability of these regions as key areas in the development of psychotic symptoms.
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| 2. |
- Sparding, Timea, et al.
(författare)
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Classification of cognitive performance in bipolar disorder.
- 2017
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Ingår i: Cognitive neuropsychiatry. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1464-0619 .- 1354-6805. ; 22:5, s. 407-421
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To understand the etiology of cognitive impairment associated with bipolar disorder, we need to clarify potential heterogeneity in cognitive functioning. To this end, we used multivariate techniques to study if the correlation structure of cognitive abilities differs between persons with bipolar disorder and controls.Clinically stable patients with bipolar disorder (type I: n=64; type II: n=44) and healthy controls (n=86) were assessed with a wide range of cognitive tests measuring executive function, speed, memory, and verbal skills. Data were analysed with multivariate techniques.A distinct subgroup (∼30%) could be identified that performed significantly poorer on tests concerning memory function. This cognitive phenotype subgroup did not differ from the majority of bipolar disorder patients with respect to other demographic or clinical characteristics.Whereas the majority of patients performed similar to controls, a subgroup of patients with bipolar disorder differed substantially from healthy controls in the correlation pattern of low-level cognitive abilities. This suggests that cognitive impairment is not a general trait in bipolar disorder but characteristic of a cognitive subgroup. This has important clinical implications for cognitive rehabilitation and remediation.
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