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- Kjellgren, Cecilia, et al.
(författare)
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Adolescent sexual offenders: a total survey of referrals to social services in sweden and subgroup characteristics.
- 2006
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Ingår i: Sexual Abuse. - 1079-0632 .- 1573-286X. ; 18:4, s. 357-372
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sampling methodology (e.g. population-based vs. clinical samples, anonymous self-reports vs. data collected as part of mandated treatment) affects the validity of conclusions drawn from research addressing the etiology of adolescent sexual offending. Studies of unselected samples allow testing of the generalizability of etiological models suggested from investigation of selected clinical or forensic populations. Further, representative epidemiological data on adolescent sexual offending is needed for policy-making and the planning of services. We conducted a national survey of all adolescent sexual offenders (ASOs, 12-17 years) referred to Social Services during 2000. Social workers at all child and adolescent units in Social Service authorities throughout Sweden (N=285, 99% response rate) completed a questionnaire about new ASO referrals in 2000. The National Board of Health and Welfare commissioned the survey and questionnaire items tapped offender, offence, and victim characteristics. A total of 197 boys and 2 girls aged 12-17 years were referred to Social Services because of sexually abusive behavior in 2000. Focusing specifically on males, this yielded a one-year incidence of .060% (95% confidence interval = .052-.068). Forty-six percent of male ASOs abused at least one child younger than age 12 years (child offenders) whereas the rest had abused peer or adult victims (peer offenders). Forty-two percent of male ASOs had ever committed sexual offences together with at least one other offender (group offenders). Child- vs. peer offenders and group vs. single offenders, suggested typologies in the literature, were compared to explore potential subtype-specific risk factors and correlates. The results suggested a higher proportion of group ASOs than previously reported and stronger support for subdividing ASOs into child vs. peer offenders than into group vs. single ASOs.
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| 2. |
- Latth, Johanna, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of internet-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy on use of child sexual abuse material : A randomized placebo-controlled trial on the Darknet
- 2022
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Ingår i: Internet Interventions. - : Elsevier. - 2214-7829. ; 30
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: The use of child sexual abuse material (CSAM) is an international public health and child protection challenge.Objective: To investigate whether Prevent It, a therapist-supported, internet-delivered, eight-week, cognitive behavioral therapy, reduces CSAM viewing among users.Methods: We conducted a global online single-blind (participants), parallel-group, superiority, randomized, psychological placebo-controlled trial with a one-month follow-up, 2019-2021 (ISRCTN76841676). We recruited anonymous participants, mainly from Darknet forums. Inclusion criteria: age 18+ years, past week CSAM use, and sufficient English language skills; exclusion criteria: severe psychiatric illness or non-serious intent to participate. The main outcome was change in self-reported, weekly viewing time from pre-to post-treatment, according to the Sexual Child Molestation Risk Assessment+.Results: A total of 160 participants (157 male, 2 non-binary, and 1 not reporting gender) from all world regions (age intervals [%]: 18-29 [49]; 30-39 [30]; 40-49 [15]; 50-59 [6]) were randomized (1:1) to Prevent It (N = 80) or Placebo (N = 80). Between-group, intention-to-treat analyses suggested a significantly larger decrease in viewing time in Prevent It participants vs. controls pre-to post-treatment (Prevent It: N = 76, Placebo: N = 78, estimate-0.25, 95 % CI,-0.46 to-0.04, p = .017, Cohen's d 0.18). Negative side effects from treatment were fewer in Prevent It compared to control participants and neither group reported severe adverse events.Conclusion: We provide initial support for the feasibility, efficacy, and safety of Prevent It to reduce CSAM viewing among motivated users. Further research is needed to validate these findings.
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| 3. |
- Moell, Astrid, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of stricter legislation on coercive measures in child and adolescent psychiatric care : a qualitative interview study with staff
- 2024
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Ingår i: BMC Psychiatry. - : Springer Nature. - 1471-244X. ; 24:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Legislators often want to positively affect psychiatric inpatient care and reduce coercion by a stricter judicial regulation. However, staff experiences and comprehension of such legal changes are largely unknown, yet essential in obtaining the intended outcomes. We examined staff understanding and implementation of a July 1, 2020 legal change in Sweden regarding the use of coercive measures (e.g., restraint, seclusion, and forced medication) in child and adolescent psychiatric inpatient care.Methods: During 2021, semi-structured interviews were conducted with nine child and adolescent psychiatric inpatient staff (nurses, senior consultants, and head of units). Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. We used an implementation outcomes framework to relate data to a wider implementation science context.Results: The legislative change was viewed as both positive and negative by participating staff. They reported mixed levels of preparedness for the legislative change, with substantial challenges during the immediate introduction, including insufficient preparations and lack of clear guidelines. A knowledge hierarchy was evident, affecting various professional roles differently. While the law was positively viewed for its child-centred approach, we found notable distrust in legislators' understanding of the clinical reality, leading to practical difficulties in implementation. Care practices after the legal change varied, with some participants reporting little change in the use of coercive measures, while others noted a shift towards more seclusion and sedative medication usage. The work environment for consultants was described as more challenging due to increased bureaucratic procedures and a heightened pressure for accuracy.Conclusions: The study highlights the complexities and challenges in implementing legislative changes in psychiatric care, where stricter legislation does not necessarily entail reduced use of coercion.
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| 4. |
- Seto, Michael C., et al.
(författare)
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Sexual Coercion Experience and Sexually Coercive Behavior : A Population Study of Swedish and Norwegian Male Youth
- 2010
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Ingår i: Child Maltreatment. - : Sage Publications. - 1077-5595 .- 1552-6119. ; 15:3, s. 219-228
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The authors tested the hypothesis that experiencing sexual coercion and engaging in sexually coercive behavior are positively associated in a representative sample totaling almost 4,000 Swedish or Norwegian male high school students (estimated response rate 80%). In both surveys, youths who had experienced sexual coercion were approximately three times more likely to engage in sexually coercive behavior than those without such experience (10%-12% vs. 4%). The association between sexual coercion experience and sexually coercive behavior was attenuated but remained significant and moderately strong in both surveys when controlling for nonsexual antisocial behavior, substance use, and noncoercive sexual behavior in multivariate logistic regression models. The population attributable fraction (proportion of sexually coercive behavior that can be explained by sexual coercion experience) was 18%-25%. The findings support a robust link between having been sexually coerced and engaging in coercive sexual behavior in the general population.
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| 6. |
- Wetterborg, Dan, et al.
(författare)
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Borderline personality disorder: Prevalence and psychiatric comorbidity among male offenders on probation in Sweden
- 2015
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Ingår i: Comprehensive Psychiatry. - : W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC. - 0010-440X .- 1532-8384. ; 62, s. 63-70
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a severely disabling condition, associated with substantially increased risk of deliberate self-harm and, particularly in men, also with interpersonal violence and other criminal behavior. Although BPD might be common among prison inmates, little is known about prevalence and psychiatric comorbidity in probationers and parolees. Method: In 2013, a consecutive sample of 109 newly admitted adult male offenders on probation or parole in all three probation offices of Stockholm, Sweden, completed self-report screening questionnaires for BPD and other psychiatric morbidity. Participants scoring over BPD cut-off participated in a psychiatric diagnostic interview. Results: We ascertained a final DSM-5 BPD prevalence rate of 19.8% (95% CI: 12.3-27.3%). The most common current comorbid disorders among subjects with BPD were antisocial personality disorder (91%), major depressive disorder (82%), substance dependence (73%), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (70%), and alcohol dependence (64%). Individuals diagnosed with BPD had significantly more current psychiatric comorbidity (M = 6.2 disorders) than interviewed participants not fulfilling BPD criteria (M = 3.6). Participants with BPD also reported substantially more symptoms of ADHD, anxiety and depression compared to all subjects without BPD. Conclusions: BPD affected one fifth of probationers and was related to serious mental ill-health known to affect recidivism risk. The findings suggest further study of possible benefits of improved identification and treatment of BPD in offender populations. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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