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- Adamsson, Viola, et al.
(författare)
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Viktigt att granska kostundersökningar
- 2005
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Ingår i: Svensk Idrottsmedicin. - 1103-7652. ; :2, s. 14-17
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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- Arneryd, Philip, et al.
(författare)
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Fracture strength of low translucent and high translucent monolithic zirconia crowns with different thicknesses
- 2014
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Ingår i: Swedish Dental Journal. - : Swedish Dental Association. - 0347-9994. ; 38:4, s. 195-195
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Objective. The aim of the study was to examine the fracture strength of fully anatomical monolithic high translucent Y-TZP, yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal, crowns and to compare them with monolithic low translucent Y-TZP crowns in different thicknesses. Materials and methods. 80 standardized crowns were made out of a master model resembling a first mandibular molar made in composite material; 40 crowns made of Lava Zirconia by 3M ESPE, a monolithic low translucent Y-TZP material, and 40 crowns made of Lava Plus by 3M ESPE, a monolithic high translucent Y-TZP material. In each group ten crowns of the thicknesses 1.0 mm, 0.7 mm, 0.5 mm and 0.3 mm were made. All crowns underwent thermocycling and preload to simulate aging and normal wear. Finally the specimens were placed in a testing jig and underwent load to fracture. Results. No significant difference was found when comparing the two materials. When comparing the materials in each thickness a significant difference was found in the 0.5 mm group where the high translucent YTZ-P had a higher mean fracture strength value. A significant difference was seen between the different thicknesses within both groups. The strength increased with added thicknesses. Conclusions. The low translucent and high translucent monolithic YTZ-P perform equally well. The use of high translucent monolithic Y-TZP could result in more aesthetic results and the minimal invasive preparation could lead to a reduction in biological complications. This could be beneficial for the patient since the results suggest that even a thin restoration sustains reasonable load in an in vitro environment. Clinical studies are needed to confirm this suggestion.
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- Berg, Christina, 1963, et al.
(författare)
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Livsmedel och kostmönster
- 2021
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Ingår i: Näringslära för högskolan. - : Liber. - 9789147131075
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 7. |
- Bergvall, Hanna, et al.
(författare)
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Gender differences in self-assessment among dental students at an ”Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE).
- 2014
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Objective: The objective of this study was to compare dental student’s real/practical results at an Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) with their self-assessed results. These results were compared depending on gender. Introduction: There are several studies published comparing differences in self-assessment between women and men in theoretical exams. However, knowledge is lacking in regards to clinical examinations. At theoretical examinations, it has been found that men tend to over-estimate their performance more frequently than women do. Whether these differences in self-assessment exist because men tend to over-estimate themselves, women tend to under-estimate themselves, a combination of both or that self-assessments actually are consistent with the results at the examination, vary between different studies. Materials and methods: All students (35 women and 16 men) at the sixth semester at Malmö Dental School were examined with an OSCE with 13 stations. The student’s real results at OSCE were compared with their self-assessment at each station. The assessments were compared regarding gender. Results: At most of the 13 stations there were no significant differences in over- and under-estimation regarding women and men. It was more difficult for men to assess their performance regarding impression with alginate. These misjudgments were mainly caused by over-estimation. There were no results indicating that women under-estimate their performance at greater extent than men. Conclusion: Contrary to studies where gender differences concerning self-assessment in theoretical examinations are observed, the present study found no significant differences in over- and under-estimation between women and men.
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- Blomquist, Caroline, 1966-, et al.
(författare)
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Long-term effects of a Paleolithic diet on plasma fatty acid composition in postmenopausal women with obesity : a randomized trial
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: A Paleolithic-type diet (PD) can improve cardiometabolic risk factors, but its impact on plasma fatty acid (FA) composition is unknown. We hypothesized that a PD improves dietary fat quality and FA metabolism, which may help counteract obesity-related metabolic dysfunction. Objective: The current study investigated the impact of a PD on biomarkers of dietary fat quality and indices of FA desaturation and de novo lipogenesis compared with a prudent control diet (CD).Design: This randomized 2-year trial included 70 women (mean ± SD age 60 ± 5.6 years, BMI 33 ± 3.4). The PD was rich in fish and vegetable fats but devoid of dairy products and lower in carbohydrates than the CD advised to follow the Nordic Nutrition recommendations. FA composition of plasma cholesterol esters (CE) was assessed using gas chromatography, desaturase activities estimated by product-to-precursor FA ratios, and dietary intake measured by 4-day food records at baseline and after 6 and 24 months.Results: Saturated fat (P=0.009) and carbohydrate (P<0.001) intake was lower, whereas polyunsaturated (PUFA), monounsaturated FA, and protein intake were higher at 24 after PD versus CD (all P<0.001). Changes in plasma FA composition during PD compared to CD suggested that saturated FAs from dairy foods were partly replaced with PUFAs from fish and vegetable sources. Although comparable BMI, energy intake, and physical activity were found at 24 months with both diets, metabolic markers and desaturase activity indices, including 16:0 (P=0.005), 16:1n-7 (P=0.002), 20:3n-6 (P=0.004), stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD-1) (P=0.006), lipogenic index (P<0.001), and the triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (P=0.031), were lower after 24 months of PD versus CD.Conclusions: The PD had long-term effects on dietary fat quality intake and plasma FA composition, changes previously linked to improved cardiometabolic health. The results may suggest an anti-lipogenic effect of PD, possibly contributing to improved dyslipidemia.
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- Bäcklund, Catharina, 1971-
(författare)
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Promoting physical activity among overweight and obese children : Effects of a family-based lifestyle intervention on physical activity and metabolic markers
- 2010
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background Overweight and obesity in childhood is associated with physical, psychological and social consequences. Physical inactivity is regarded as one of the main factors that have contributed to the increase in childhood obesity through out the world. Overweight and obesity as well as physical activity level are shown to track from childhood to adolescence and adulthood, thereby influencing not only the current health status but also long-term health. The general purpose of this thesis was to evaluate the effect of a 2-year family-based lifestyle intervention on physical activity and metabolic health among children with overweight and obesity. Methods Children with overweight or obesity living in northern Sweden were recruited to the study. In total 105 children, mean age 10.5 years (SD±1.09), were randomized into either an intervention or a control group. The intervention group was offered as a 2-year family-based lifestyle intervention; the 1st year consisted of 14 group sessions and during the 2nd year the intervention was web-based. The control group did not participate in any intervention sessions, but performed all measurements. Physical activity was measured in all children using SenseWear Pro2 Armband (SWA) during 4 consecutive days before, in the middle and after the intervention, data regarding anthropometrics and blood values were collected in the same periods. Twenty-two of the children wore SWA during 14 days before the intervention in order to validate energy expenditure (EE) estimated by SWA against EE measured with double labelled water. Results The SWA, together with software version 5.1, proved to be a valid device to accurately estimate EE at group level of overweight and obese children. There were no statistically significant differences between the groups neither before nor after the intervention regarding physical activity and screen-time. All children significantly decreased their time being active ≥3 METs during the study period. After the study period, significantly fewer in the control group achieved the national physical activity recommendation, and they had significantly increased their screen-time. However, these changes were not seen within the intervention group. The intervention group had a significantly lower apolipoprotein B/A1 compared to the control group at 1-year measurement; no other significant differences were found regarding metabolic markers. No statistical difference was found between the groups regarding body mass index after the 2-year study period. Conclusion Even though a comprehensive program, the 2-year family-based lifestyle intervention had limited effects on physical activity and metabolic health in overweight and obese children. SWA is a device that can be used in future studies to measure energy expenditure among free-living overweight or obese children.
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