| 1. |
- Baranowska, Izabella, et al.
(författare)
-
Sensory ataxic neuropathy in golden retriever dogs is caused by a deletion in the mitochondrial tRNATyr gene
- 2009
-
Ingår i: PLoS Genetics. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1553-7390 .- 1553-7404. ; 5:5, s. e1000499-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sensory ataxic neuropathy (SAN) is a recently identified neurological disorder in golden retrievers. Pedigree analysis revealed that all affected dogs belong to one maternal lineage, and a statistical analysis showed that the disorder has a mitochondrial origin. A one base pair deletion in the mitochondrial tRNA(Tyr) gene was identified at position 5304 in affected dogs after re-sequencing the complete mitochondrial genome of seven individuals. The deletion was not found among dogs representing 18 different breeds or in six wolves, ruling out this as a common polymorphism. The mutation could be traced back to a common ancestor of all affected dogs that lived in the 1970s. We used a quantitative oligonucleotide ligation assay to establish the degree of heteroplasmy in blood and tissue samples from affected dogs and controls. Affected dogs and their first to fourth degree relatives had 0-11% wild-type (wt) sequence, while more distant relatives ranged between 5% and 60% wt sequence and all unrelated golden retrievers had 100% wt sequence. Northern blot analysis showed that tRNA(Tyr) had a 10-fold lower steady-state level in affected dogs compared with controls. Four out of five affected dogs showed decreases in mitochondrial ATP production rates and respiratory chain enzyme activities together with morphological alterations in muscle tissue, resembling the changes reported in human mitochondrial pathology. Altogether, these results provide conclusive evidence that the deletion in the mitochondrial tRNA(Tyr) gene is the causative mutation for SAN.
|
|
| 2. |
- Jensen Waern, Marianne, et al.
(författare)
-
Effects of streptozotocin-induced diabetes in domestic pigs with focus on the amino acid metabolism
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Laboratory Animals. - : SAGE Publications. - 0023-6772 .- 1758-1117. ; 43:3, s. 249-254
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Streptozotocin (STZ) given intravenously destroys pancreatic beta cells and is widely used in animal models to mimic type 1 diabetes. The effects of STZ on the clinical state of health and metabolism were studied in six high health certified domestic pigs weighing 19 +/- 1.3 kg at the start of the experiment. A single STZ dose of 150 mg/kg of body weight successfully induced hyperglycaemia and alterations in amino acid metabolism. Within 9 h after STZ administration, the blood glucose values fell from 5.4-7.5 mmol/L to 0.8-2.2 mmol/L. Hypoglycaemia was treated with 0.5 g glucose/kg body weight. In all pigs, hyperglycaemia was produced 24 h after STZ treatment, and 3 days after STZ injection, the glucose concentration was >25 mmol/L. Mean C-peptide concentration was 0.25 +/- 0.16 mug/L since 2 days after STZ injection until the end of the study. The serum concentration of the branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) increased four-fold, and alanine and taurine decreased by approximately 70% and 50%, respectively, after STZ treatment. All but one pig remained brisk and the physical examination was normal except for a retarded growth rate and a reduction of the skeletal muscle. At the end of the study, the pigs were moderately emaciated. Postmortem examination confirmed muscle wasting and a reduction of abdominal and subcutaneous fat. In conclusion, STZ-induced diabetes in pigs fulfils the requirements for a good animal model for type 1 diabetes with respect to clinical signs of the disease and alterations in the carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism.
|
|
| 3. |
- Lidskog, Rolf, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
-
Intensive forestry in Sweden : stakeholders' evaluation of benefits and risk
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Journal of Integrative Environmental Sciences. - London : Taylor & Francis. - 1943-815X .- 1943-8168. ; 10:4, s. 145-160
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is growing consensus about the need to develop sustainable use of forest resources, but no consensus about how to interpret and implement this goal. Political institutions, governmental agencies, forest companies, and environmental organizations have partly different views on what sustainable forestry means and what strategies to use to achieve it. Not least, the climate change issue has put higher and partly new demands on forests, both as providers of biomass and as carbon sinks, which may be in conflict with other services of the forest’s ecosystem. This paper analyses how different Swedish stakeholders evaluate the possibilities for intensive forestry, that is, to increase the production of woody biomass through increased use of fertilizers, improved genetic material, the introduction of exotic tree species, and the use of fastgrowing deciduous tree species. The analysis shows that the pros and cons are evaluated differently, with some stakeholders assessing intensive forestry as a radical break from the current goal of sustainable forestry and others viewing it as according with it. It is concluded that this conflict should be understood as concerning not competing knowledge claims, but competing frames – schemes of interpretation through which the complexity of reality is reduced. This means that the solution is not to be found in improved knowledge but in increased awareness that the involved frames are the source of the conflict.
|
|
