| 1. |
- Larsson, Kjell, 1958-, et al.
(författare)
-
Population differentiation in the redshank (Tringa totanus) as revealed by mitochondrial DNA and amplified fragment length polymorphism markers
- 2005
-
Ingår i: Conservation Genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1566-0621 .- 1572-9737. ; 6:3, s. 321-331
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The redshank (Tringa totanus) is declining throughout Europe and to implement efficient conservation measures, it is important to obtain information about the population genetic structure. The aim of the present study was two-fold. First, we analysed the genetic variation within and between populations in the Baltic region in southern Scandinavia. Evidence of genetic structure would suggest that different populations might require separate management strategies. Second, in an attempt to study large-scale genetic structure we compared the Baltic populations with redshanks from northern Scandinavia and Iceland. This analysis could reveal insights into phylogeography and long-term population history. DNA samples were collected from six breeding sites in Scandinavia presumed to include two subspecies (totanus and britannica) and a further sample from Iceland (subspecies robusta). Two methods were used to study the population genetic structure. Domain II and III of the mitochondrial control region was analysed by DNA sequencing and nuclear DNA was analysed by screening amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers. Mitochondrial DNA showed no variation between individuals in domain II. When analysing an 481 bp fragment of domain III seven haplotypes were found among birds. On the basis of mtDNA sequences, redshanks showed some evidence of a recent expansion from a bottlenecked refugial population. Bayesian analyses of AFLP data revealed a significant genetic differentiation between suggested subspecies but not between populations within the Baltic region. Our results indicate that populations of redshanks in Europe constitute at least three separate management units corresponding to the recognised subspecies.
|
|
| 2. |
- Dobnik, Simon, 1977, et al.
(författare)
-
Modelling language, action and perception in Type Theory with Records : Language, action and perception in TTR
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 7th International Workshop on Constraint Solving and Language Processing (CSLP'12). ; , s. 51-62
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present a formal model for natural language semantics using Type Theory with Records (TTR) and argue that it is better suited for representing the meaning of spatial descriptions than traditional for- mal semantic models. Spatial descriptions include perceptual, conceptual and discourse knowledge which we represent all in a single framework. Being a computational framework TTR is suited for modelling language and cognition of conversational agents in robotics and virtual environ- ments where interoperability between language, action and perception is required. The perceptual systems gain access to abstract conceptual meaning representations of language while the latter can be justified in action and perception.
|
|
| 3. |
- Larsson, Staffan, 1969, et al.
(författare)
-
Corrective feedback and concept updates
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Carlson et al (eds.): Proceedings of The second Swedish Language Technology Conference (SLTC-08).
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
|
|
| 4. |
- Larsson, Staffan, 1969
(författare)
-
Formal semantics for perceptual classification
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Journal of logic and computation. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0955-792X .- 1465-363X. ; 25:2, s. 335-369
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A formal semantics for low-level perceptual aspects of meaning is presented, tying these together with the logical-inferential aspects of meaning traditionally studied in formal semantics. The key idea is to model perceptual meanings as classifiers of perceptual input. Furthermore, we show how perceptual aspects of meaning can be updated as a result of observing language use in interaction, thereby enabling fine-grained semantic plasticity and semantic coordination. This requires a framework where intensions are (i) represented independently of extensions, and (ii) structured objects which can be modified as a result of learning. We use Type Theory with Records (TTR), a formal semantics framework that starts from the idea that information and meaning is founded on our ability to perceive and classify the world, i.e. to perceive objects and situations as being of types. As an example of our approach, we show how a simple classifier of spatial information based on the Perceptron can be cast in TTR.
|
|
| 5. |
- Schantz, Staffan, et al.
(författare)
-
Poly(methyl methacrylate-co-ethyl acrylate) latex particles with poly(ethylene glycol) grafts: Structure and film formation
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Langmuir. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0743-7463 .- 1520-5827. ; 23:7, s. 3590-3602
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Water-based copolymer dispersions were prepared using methyl methacrylate (MMA), ethyl acrylate (EA) (MMA/EA = 1:2), and a series of nonionic polymerizable surfactants, i.e., "surfmers" based on poly(ethylene glycol)-(meth)acrylates. The latexes were compared with the behavior of a conventionally stabilized (nonionic nonylphenol ethoxylate, NP100 with 84 ethylene oxide units) dispersion with the same MMA-EA composition (PMMAEA). A number of techniques were employed in order to characterize structure, dynamics, and film formation properties: solution/solid-state NMR, dynamic/static light scattering (DLS/SLS), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), tensile/shear mode dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The surfmers were found to be miscible with the MMA-EA copolymer at room temperature, with 46-85 mol % of the reacted surfmer detected at the particle surfaces, and the remaining part buried in the particle bulk. In contrast, the NP100 surfactant formed a separate interphase between the copolymer particles with no mixing detected at room temperature or at 90 degrees C. For a 4.0% dry weight concentration, NP100 phase separated and further crystallized at room temperature over a period of several months. Composition fluctuations related to a limited blockiness on a length scale above similar to 2 nm were detected for PMMAEA particles, whereas the surfmer particles were found to be homogeneous also below this limit. On a particle-particle level, the dispersions tended to form colloidal crystals unless hindered by a broadened particle size distribution or, in the case of PMMAEA, by the action of NP100. Finally, a surface roughness (R-q) master plot was constructed for data above the glass transition temperature (T-g) from T-g + 11 degrees C to T-g + 57 degrees C and compared with the complex shear modulus over 11 frequency decades. Shift factors from the 2 methods obeyed the same Williams-Landel-Ferry (WLF) temperature dependence, thus connecting the long-time surface flattening process to the rheological behavior of the copolymer.
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
|
|
| 8. |
- Cooper, Robin, 1947, et al.
(författare)
-
An information state update approach to collaborative negotiation
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Perspectives on Dialogue in the New Millennium, ed. by Peter Kühnlein, Hannes Rieser and Henk Zeevat. ; , s. 271-286
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using the information state approach to dialogue analysis, we sketch an account of negotiative dialogue starting from Sidner's artificial negotiation language. This account is adapted to the Questions under Discussion (QUD)-based information state used by the GoDiS system. Some problems with this account are pointed out, and we attempt to analyse why these problems arise and how they might be resolved. Finally, an alternative account to negotiative dialogue is outlined.
|
|
| 9. |
- Dobnik, Simon, 1977, et al.
(författare)
-
A formal semantic model for spatial descriptions
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Proceeds of the Workshop Formal Semantics Meets Cognitive Semantics, January 22-23 2015, Radboud University Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In this presentation we discuss how our empirical investigations of learning geometric meanings of spatial descriptions with situated robots, learning functional meanings of prepositions from collections of image descriptions, and modelling of reference frame assignment in conversation can be formulated in the TTR framework. The overall goal is to provide an account of semantics of spatial prepositions for these modalities, and over longer term, use the framework as a knowledge representation system of a situated agent.
|
|
| 10. |
- Dobnik, Simon, 1977, et al.
(författare)
-
Modelling Language, Action, and Perception in Type Theory with Records
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Constraint Solving and Language Processing: 7th International Workshop, CSLP 2012, Orléans, France, September 13-14, 2012, Revised Selected Papers / Editors: Denys Duchier, Yannick Parmentier. - Berlin Heidelberg : Springer-Verlag. - 9783642415777 ; , s. 70-91
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Formal models of natural language semantics using TTR (Type Theory with Records) attempt to relate natural language to perception, modelled as classification of objects and events by types which are available as resources to an agent. We argue that this is better suited for representing the meaning of spatial descriptions in the context of agent modelling than traditional formal semantic models which do not relate spatial concepts to perceptual apparatus. Spatial descriptions include perceptual, conceptual and discourse knowledge which we represent all in a single framework. Being a general framework for modelling both linguistic and non-linguistic cognition, TTR is more suitable for the modelling of situated conversational agents in robotics and virtual environments where interoperability between language, action and perception is required. The perceptual systems gain access to abstract conceptual meaning representations of language while the latter can be justified in action and perception.
|
|
