| 1. |
- Bäck, M, et al.
(författare)
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Highlights from 2022 in EHJ Open
- 2022
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Ingår i: European heart journal open. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 2752-4191. ; 2:6, s. oeac084-
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Eriksson, Charli, 1948-, et al.
(författare)
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A research strategy case study of alcohol and drug prevention by non-governmental organizations
- 2011
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Ingår i: European Journal of Public Health. - : Oxford University Press. - 1101-1262 .- 1464-360X. ; 21:suppl 1, s. 242-242
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- BackgroundAlcohol and drug prevention is high on the public health agenda in many countries. In Sweden in 2002 an innovative project portfolio including an integrated research and competence-building strategy for non-governmental organizations (NGOs) was designed by the National Board of Health and Welfare (NBHW).MethodsThe embedded case study includes 135 projects in 69 organizations and 14 in-depth process or effect studies. The data in the case study has been compiled using multiple methods - administrative data; interviews, questionnaires, focus group discussions and seminars; and documentation of implementation; consultations with the NBHW and the NGOs; and a literature review. Annual reports have been submitted each year and three bi-national conferences Reflections on preventions have been held.ResultsA broad range of organizations have been included in the NBHW project portfolio. A minority of the project were run by Alcohol or drug organizations, while a majority has children or adolescents as target groups. In order to develop a trustful partnership between practitioners, national agencies and researchers a series of measures were developed and implemented: meeting with project leaders, project dialogues and consultations, competence strengthening, support to documentation, in-depth studies and national conferences. A common element was that the projects were program-driven and not research-driven interventions. The role of researchers as technical advisors was suitable for the fostering of a trustful partnership for research and development. The independence of the NGOs was regarded as important for the momentum in the project implementation. The research strategy also includes elements of participatory research.ConclusionsThis research strategy case study shows that it is possible to integrate research into alcohol and drug prevention programs run by NGOs, and thereby contribute to a more evidencebased practice. A core element is developing a trustful partnership between the researchers and the organizations. Moreover, the funding agency must acknowledge the importance of knowledge development and allocating resources to a research group that is capable of cooperating with practitioners and NGOs.
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| 4. |
- Flam, B, et al.
(författare)
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Authors' Response
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of intensive care medicine. - : SAGE Publications. - 1525-1489 .- 0885-0666. ; 52:1, s. 493-4
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 5. |
- Larsson, Susanna C.
(författare)
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Can Small Amounts of Olive Oil Keep the Death Away?
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of the American College of Cardiology. - : Elsevier. - 0735-1097 .- 1558-3597. ; 79:2, s. 113-115
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Larsson, Susanna C
(författare)
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Diet and gastrointestinal cancer : one-carbon metabolism and other aspects
- 2006
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Diet has been hypothesized to play a major role in the etiology of gastrointestinal cancer, but the specific dietary factors involved remain unclear. The aims of this thesis were: to examine the associations of dietary magnesium and vitamin B6 intakes with risk of colorectal cancer in the Swedish Mammography Cohort (SMC); to evaluate the relation between folate intake and risk of pancreatic cancer in the SMC and the Cohort of Swedish Men (COSM); to use metaanalysis to summarize the evidence from published studies of the associations of folate intake and polymorphisms in the gene encoding 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR C677T and A1298C), a central enzyme in one-carbon metabolism, with risk of esophageal, gastric, pancreatic, and colorectal cancer; and to perform a meta-analysis of epidemiologic studies of the relationship between processed meat consumption and risk of gastric cancer. The SMC is a prospective cohort study of 61 433 women in central Sweden who were cancerfree and had completed a dietary questionnaire at enrollment between 1987 and 1990. Participants received a second questionnaire in 1997 that included details on diet and other lifestyle factors. The COSM is a prospective cohort study of 45 306 men in central Sweden who were cancer-free and had completed a questionnaire in 1997. Multivariate rate ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models. We ascertained 805 incident cases of colorectal cancer in the SMC from baseline through June 30, 2004. Dietary intakes of magnesium and vitamin B6 were statistically significantly inversely associated with the risk of colorectal cancer. The multivariate rate ratios comparing the highest with the lowest quintile of intake were 0.59 (95% CI, 0.40-0.87; Ptrend = 0.006) for magnesium and 0.66 (95% Cl, 0.50-0.86; Ptrend = 0.002) for vitamin B6. In the SMC and the COSM, 135 incident cases of pancreatic cancer were diagnosed from 1998 through December 31, 2004. Intake of folate from diet but not from supplements was inversely associated with the risk of pancreatic cancer. The multivariate rate ratios for women and men in the highest category of dietary folate intake (¡Ý350 ¦Ìg/day) compared with those in the lowest category (<200 ¦Ìg/day) was 0.25 (95% CI, 0. 11-0.59; Ptrend = 0.002). For the meta-analyses, epidemiologic studies were identified by searching MEDLINE (1966March 2006) and the reference lists of pertinent articles. Study-specific results were combined using a random-effects model. The summary relative risks (95% CI) for the highest versus the lowest dietary folate intake category were 0.62 (0.53-0.72) for esophageal cancer (7 casecontrol), 0.90 (0.72-1.13) for gastric cancer (9 case-control, 2 cohorts), 0.49 (0.350.67) for pancreatic cancer (1 case-control, 4 cohorts), and 0.75 (0.66-0.87) for colorectal cancer (6 cohorts). Comparing the MTHFR 677TT genotype with the 677CC genotype, the summary odds ratios (95% CI) were 1.59 (0.98-2.58) for esophageal cancer, 1.90 (1.38-2.60) for gastric cardia cancer, 1.68 (1.29-2.19) for gastric cancer, 2.28 (0.91-5.71) for pancreatic cancer, and 0.84 (0.75-0.95) for colorectal cancer. For colorectal cancer, the summary odds ratio for the MTHFR 1298CC versus the 1298AA genotype was 0.82 (95% CI, 0.65-1.03). Six prospective studies and nine case-control studies were included in the dose-response metaanalysis of processed meat consumption and gastric cancer risk. The summary relative risks for an increment in processed meat consumption of 30 g/day were 1.15 (95% CI, 1.041.27) in prospective studies and 1.38 (95% CI, 1.19-1.60) in case-control studies. In conclusion, our findings support a role of diet and one-carbon metabolism related gene polymorphisms in the etiology of gastrointestinal cancer. Specifically, our results suggest that increased consumption of foods rich in magnesium, vitamin B6, and folate as well as reduced consumption of processed meat may lower the risk of gastrointestinal cancer.
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| 8. |
- Larsson, Susanna C
(författare)
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Diet and ovarian cancer : a population-based cohort of 60 000 women
- 2005
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Ovarian cancer represents the fourth leading cause of cancer-related mortality among women in Western countries. Hence, identification of risk factors amenable to modification, such as diet, is of considerable public health relevance as it could provide means for primary prevention of this malignancy. The purpose of this thesis was to prospectively examine the potential role of diet in the etiology of ovarian cancer, using data from the Swedish Mammography Cohort (SMC). The specific hypotheses were: (1) Intake of folate – a B vitamin involved in DNA synthesis and repair and in DNA methylation – is inversely associated with the risk of ovarian cancer, particularly among women who consume alcohol, which has anti-folate effects; (2) High exposure to lactose due to consumption of milk and milk products is related to an increased risk of ovarian cancer. The SMC is a population-based prospective cohort established between 1987 and 1990, when all women born between 1914 and 1948 and living in Uppsala and Västmanland Counties received a mailed questionnaire. Our analyses included 61 084 women in the SMC who were cancer-free and had at least one ovary at recruitment. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate rate ratios (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), while adjusting for potential confounders. All statistical tests were two-sided. From March 1987 through June 2004, we ascertained 288 incident cases of invasive epithelial ovarian cancer, including 135 serous ovarian cancers. Dietary folate intake was inversely related to the risk of ovarian cancer. Compared with women in the lowest quintile (<150 μ g/day) of dietary folate intake, the multivariate RR for those in the highest quintile ( ³ 212 μ g/day) was 0.50 (95% CI, 0.31-0.82; P trend = 0.006). The inverse association between dietary folate intake and risk of ovarian cancer was stronger among women who consumed more than 20 g (approximately the amount in 1-2 drinks) of alcohol per week (RR, 0.24; 95% CI, 0.09-0.64) than among women who consumed 20 g or less of alcohol per week (RR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.40-1.30). We observed a positive association of lactose intake with risk of serous ovarian cancer but not with other subtypes. The multivariate RR of serous ovarian was 2.0 (95% CI, 1.2-3.4; P trend = 0.01) for the highest versus the lowest quartile of lactose intake. High consumption of milk, the main source of lactose, was also associated with a greater risk of serous ovarian cancer. The multivariate RR for women who drank two or more glasses of milk per day was 1.9 (95% CI, 1.1-3.1; P trend = 0.03) compared with women who never or seldom drank milk. In conclusion, our findings from a large population-based prospective cohort provide evidence for an inverse relationship between dietary folate intake and risk of ovarian cancer, especially among women who drink alcohol. Furthermore, we found support for the hypothesis that a high lactose intake increases the risk of ovarian cancer, at least of the serous subtype. Considering the possible public health implications of these results, the associations of folate and lactose intakes with risk of ovarian cancer warrant further research.
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