| 1. |
- Schael, S, et al.
(författare)
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Precision electroweak measurements on the Z resonance
- 2006
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Ingår i: Physics Reports. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-1573 .- 1873-6270. ; 427:5-6, s. 257-454
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report on the final electroweak measurements performed with data taken at the Z resonance by the experiments operating at the electron-positron colliders SLC and LEP. The data consist of 17 million Z decays accumulated by the ALEPH, DELPHI, L3 and OPAL experiments at LEP, and 600 thousand Z decays by the SLID experiment using a polarised beam at SLC. The measurements include cross-sections, forward-backward asymmetries and polarised asymmetries. The mass and width of the Z boson, m(Z) and Gamma(Z), and its couplings to fermions, for example the p parameter and the effective electroweak mixing angle for leptons, are precisely measured: m(Z) = 91.1875 +/- 0.0021 GeV, Gamma(Z) = 2.4952 +/- 0.0023 GeV, rho(l) = 1.0050 +/- 0.0010, sin(2)theta(eff)(lept) = 0.23153 +/- 0.00016. The number of light neutrino species is determined to be 2.9840 +/- 0.0082, in agreement with the three observed generations of fundamental fermions. The results are compared to the predictions of the Standard Model (SM). At the Z-pole, electroweak radiative corrections beyond the running of the QED and QCD coupling constants are observed with a significance of five standard deviations, and in agreement with the Standard Model. Of the many Z-pole measurements, the forward-backward asymmetry in b-quark production shows the largest difference with respect to its SM expectation, at the level of 2.8 standard deviations. Through radiative corrections evaluated in the framework of the Standard Model, the Z-pole data are also used to predict the mass of the top quark, m(t) = 173(+10)(+13) GeV, and the mass of the W boson, m(W) = 80.363 +/- 0.032 GeV. These indirect constraints are compared to the direct measurements, providing a stringent test of the SM. Using in addition the direct measurements of m(t) and m(W), the mass of the as yet unobserved SM Higgs boson is predicted with a relative uncertainty of about 50% and found to be less than 285 GeV at 95% confidence level. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 2. |
- Bruzzi, M, et al.
(författare)
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Radiation-hard semiconductor detectors for SuperLHC
- 2005
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Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research. Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors, and Associated Equipment. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-5087 .- 0168-9002. ; 541:1-2, s. 189-201
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An option of increasing the luminosity of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN to 1035 cm-2 s-1 has been envisaged to extend the physics reach of the machine. An efficient tracking down to a few centimetres from the interaction point will be required to exploit the physics potential of the upgraded LHC. As a consequence, the semiconductor detectors close to the interaction region will receive severe doses of fast hadron irradiation and the inner tracker detectors will need to survive fast hadron fluences of up to above 1016cm-2. The CERN-RD50 project "Development of Radiation Hard Semiconductor Devices for Very High Luminosity Colliders" has been established in 2002 to explore detector materials and technologies that will allow to operate devices up to, or beyond, this limit. The strategies followed by RD50 to enhance the radiation tolerance include the development of new or defect engineered detector materials (SiC, GaN, Czochralski and epitaxial silicon, oxygen enriched Float Zone silicon), the improvement of present detector designs and the understanding of the microscopic defects causing the degradation of the irradiated detectors. The latest advancements within the RD50 collaboration on radiation hard semiconductor detectors will be reviewed and discussed in this work.
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| 3. |
- Ducrocq, Gregory, et al.
(författare)
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Association of spontaneous and procedure-related bleeds with short- and long-term mortality after acute coronary syndromes: : an analysis from the PLATO trial
- 2015
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Ingår i: EuroIntervention. - 1774-024X .- 1969-6213. ; 11:7, s. 737-745
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: We sought to describe the differential effect of bleeding events in acute coronary syndromes (ACS) on short- and long-term mortality according to their type and severity.Methods and results: The PLATO trial randomised 18,624 ACS patients to clopidogrel or ticagrelor. Post-randomisation bleeding events were captured according to bleeding type (spontaneous or procedure-related), with PLATO, TIMI, and GUSTO definitions. The association of bleeding events with subsequent short-term (<30 days) and long-term (>30 days) all-cause mortality was assessed using time-dependent Cox proportional hazard models. A model was fitted to compare major and minor bleeding for mortality prediction. Of 18,624 patients, 2,189 (11.8%) had at least one PLATO major bleed (mean follow-up 272.2±123.5 days). Major bleeding was associated with higher short-term mortality (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 9.28; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 7.50-11.48) but not with long-term mortality (adjusted HR 1.28; 95% CI: 0.93-1.75). Spontaneous bleeding was associated with short-term (adjusted HR 14.59; 95% CI: 11.14-19.11) and long-term (adjusted HR 3.38; 95% CI: 2.26-5.05) mortality. Procedure-related bleeding was associated with short-term mortality (adjusted HR 5.29; 95% CI: 4.06-6.87): CABG-related and non-coronary-procedure-related bleeding were associated with a higher short-term mortality, whereas PCI or angiography-related bleeding was not associated with either short- or long-term mortality. Similar results were obtained using the GUSTO and TIMI bleeding definitions.Conclusions: Major bleeding is associated with high subsequent mortality in ACS. However, this association is much stronger in the first 30 days and is strongest for spontaneous (vs. procedure-related) bleeding.
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| 4. |
- Giele, Walter, et al.
(författare)
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The QCD / SM working group: Summary report
- 2002
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Ingår i: Physics at TeV colliders. Proceedings, Euro Summer School, Les Houches, France, May 21-June 1, 2001. ; , s. 275-426, s. 275-426
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 5. |
- Matus, M., et al.
(författare)
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Key Comparison EURAMET.L-K1.2011 Measurement of gauge blocks by interferometry
- 2016
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Ingår i: Metrologia. - 0026-1394 .- 1681-7575. ; 53:1A
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The key comparison EURAMET.L-K1.2011 on gauge blocks was carried out in the framework of a EURAMET project starting in 2012 and ending in 2015. It involved the participation of 24 National Metrology Institutes from Europe and Egypt, respectively. 38 gauge blocks of steel and ceramic with nominal central lengths between 0.5 mm and 500 mm were circulated. The comparison was conducted in two loops with two sets of artifacts. A statistical technique for linking the reference values was applied. As a consequence the reference value of one loop is influenced by the measurements of the other loop although they did not even see the artifacts of the others. This influence comes solely from three "linking laboratories" which measure both sets of artifacts. In total there were 44 results were not fully consistent with the reference values. This represents 10% of the full set of 420 results which is a considerable high number. At least 12 of them are clearly outliers where the participants have been informed by the pilot as soon as possible. The comparison results help to support the calibration and measurement capabilities (CMCs) of the laboratories involved in the CIPM MRA.
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| 6. |
- Berntorp, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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von Willebrand's disease: a report from a meeting in the Åland islands.
- 2012
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Ingår i: Haemophilia. - : Wiley. - 1351-8216. ; 18 Suppl 6, s. 1-13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- von Willebrand's disease (VWD) is probably the most common bleeding disorder, with some studies indicating that up to 1% of the population may have the condition. Over recent years interest in VWD has fallen compared to that of haemophilia, partly the result of focus on blood-borne diseases such as HIV and hepatitis. Now the time has come to revisit VWD, and in view of this some 60 international physicians with clinical and scientific interest in VWD met over 4 days in 2010 in the Åland islands to discuss state-of-the-art issues in the disease. The Åland islands are where Erik von Willebrand had first observed a bleeding disorder in a number of members of a family from Föglö, and 2010 was also the 140th anniversary of his birth. This report summarizes the main papers presented at the symposium; topics ranged from genetics and biochemistry through to classification of VWD, pharmacokinetics and laboratory assays used in the diagnosis of the disease, inhibitors, treatment guidelines in different age groups including the elderly who often have comorbid conditions that present challenges, and prophylaxis. Other topics included managing surgeries in patients with VWD and the role of FVIII in VWF replacement, a controversial subject.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Vepsäläinen, K., et al.
(författare)
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Inhibitor development in previously untreated patients with severe haemophilia A : a nationwide multicentre study in Finland
- 2016
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Ingår i: Haemophilia. - : Wiley. - 1351-8216. ; 22:5, s. 721-729
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Currently the most serious treatment complication of haemophilia is the inhibitor development (ID), i.e. neutralizing antibody development. Aim: This nationwide multicentre study in Finland evaluated the incidence and risk factors of ID in previously untreated patients (PUPs) with severe haemophilia A (FVIII:C < 0.01 IU mL−1). Methods: We enrolled all PUPs (N = 62) born between June 1994 and May 2013 with at least 75 exposure days (EDs) to screen ID during follow-up extending to September 2013. Results: Thirteen ID (21% of 62) occurred; 10 (16% of 62) with high titre. Fifty-one patients (82%) were on primary prophylaxis (regular prophylaxis before the age of 2 and before the first joint bleed) from the median age of 11.4 months, 90% via a central venous access device. The initial product was rFVIII in 63% and pd-FVIII in 37%, moreover in 24% pd-FVIII was switched to rFVIII concentrate during the 75 EDs. Non-transient inhibitors developed in 9/51 (17.6%; 13.7% high titre) children with primary and in 4/11 (36.4%; 27.3% high titre) patients with secondary prophylaxis (P = 0.24). Overall, 74% had a high-risk genotype similarly distributed among the prophylaxis groups. The history of a major bleed enhanced ID (aHR, 4.0; 95% CI, 1.2–13.7), whereas FVIII treatment intensity or source and early implantation of ports did not increase ID risk. Conclusion: The cumulative incidence of ID was low notwithstanding prevalent high-risk mutations. Despite patient-related risk factors, our management involving early intensive primary prophylaxis via ports helps to prevent bleeds and lower the incidence of inhibitors.
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| 10. |
- Astermark, Jan, et al.
(författare)
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Managing Haemophilia for Life: 4th Haemophilia Global Summit
- 2014
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Ingår i: Haemophilia. - : Wiley. - 1351-8216. ; 20, s. 1-20
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The 4th Haemophilia Global Summit was held in Potsdam, Germany, in September 2013 and brought together an international faculty of haemophilia experts and delegates from multidisciplinary backgrounds. The programme was designed by an independent Scientific Steering Committee of haemophilia experts and explored global perspectives in haemophilia care, discussing practical approaches to the optimal management of haemophilia now and in the future. The topics outlined in this supplement were selected by the Scientific Steering Committee for their relevance and potential to influence haemophilia care globally. In this supplement from the meeting, Jan Astermark reviews current understanding of risk factors for the development of inhibitory antibodies and discusses whether this risk can be modulated and minimized. Factors key to the improvement of joint health in people with haemophilia are explored, with Carlo Martinoli and Victor Jimenez-Yuste discussing the utility of ultrasound for the early detection of haemophilic arthropathy. Other aspects of care necessary for the prevention and management of joint disease in people with haemophilia are outlined by Thomas Hilberg and Sebastian Lobet, who highlight the therapeutic benefits of physiotherapy and sports therapy. Riitta Lassila and Carlo-Federico Perno describe current knowledge surrounding the risk of transmission of infectious agents via clotting factor concentrates. Finally, different types of extended half-life technology are evaluated by Mike Laffan, with a focus on the practicalities and challenges associated with these products.
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