| 1. |
- Altman, S, et al.
(författare)
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Cleavage of RNA by RNase P from E. coli
- 1987
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Ingår i: Molecular Biology of RNA: New Perspectives. - : Academic Press.
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 2. |
- Žliobaitė, Indrė, et al.
(författare)
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The NOW Database of Fossil Mammals
- 2023
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Ingår i: Evolution of Cenozoic Land Mammal Faunas and Ecosystems: 25 years of the NOW database of fossil mammals. - : Springer. ; , s. 33-42
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- NOW (New and Old Worlds) is a global database of fossil mammal occurrences, currently containing around 68,000 locality-species entries. The database spans the last 66 million years, with its primary focus on the last 23 million years. Whereas the database contains records from all continents, the main focus and coverage of the database historically has been on Eurasia. The database includes primarily, but not exclusively, terrestrial mammals. It covers a large part of the currently known mammalian fossil record, focusing on classical and actively researched fossil localities. The database is managed in collaboration with an international advisory board of experts. Rather than a static archive, it emphasizes the continuous integration of new knowledge of the community, data curation, and consistency of scientific interpretations. The database records species occurrences at localities worldwide, as well as ecological characteristics of fossil species, geological contexts of localities and more. The NOW database is primarily used for two purposes: (1) queries about occurrences of particular taxa, their characteristics and properties of localities in the spirit of an encyclopedia; and (2) large scale research and quantitative analyses of evolutionary processes, patterns, reconstructing past environments, as well as interpreting evolutionary contexts. The data are fully open, no logging in or community membership is necessary for using the data for any purpose.
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| 3. |
- O'Gorman, Eoin J., et al.
(författare)
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Impacts of Warming on the Structure and Functioning of Aquatic Communities : Individual-to Ecosystem-Level Responses
- 2012
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Ingår i: Advances in Ecological Research, Vol 47. - : Elsevier. - 9780123983152 ; , s. 81-176
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Environmental warming is predicted to rise dramatically over the next century, yet few studies have investigated its effects in natural, multi-species systems. We present data collated over an 8-year period from a catchment of geothermally heated streams in Iceland, which acts as a natural experiment on the effects of warming across different organisational levels and spatiotemporal scales. Body sizes and population biomasses of individual species responded strongly to temperature, with some providing evidence to support temperature size rules. Macroinvertebrate and meiofaunal community composition also changed dramatically across the thermal gradient. Interactions within the warm streams in particular were characterised by food chains linking algae to snails to the apex predator, brown trout These chains were missing from the colder systems, where snails were replaced by much smaller herbivores and invertebrate omnivores were the top predators. Trout were also subsidised by terrestrial invertebrate prey, which could have an effect analogous to apparent competition within the aquatic prey assemblage. Top-down effects by snails on diatoms were stronger in the warmer streams, which could account for a shallowing of mass-abundance slopes across the community. This may indicate reduced energy transfer efficiency from resources to consumers in the warmer systems and/or a change in predator-prey mass ratios. All the ecosystem process rates investigated increased with temperature, but with differing thermal sensitivities, with important implications for overall ecosystem functioning (e.g. creating potential imbalances in elemental fluxes). Ecosystem respiration rose rapidly with temperature, leading to increased heterotrophy. There were also indications that food web stability may be lower in the warmer streams.
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| 4. |
- Sagayam, K. M., et al.
(författare)
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Optimization of a HMM-based hand gesture recognition system using a hybrid cuckoo search algorithm
- 2018
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Ingår i: Hybrid Metaheuristics for Image Analysis. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 9783319776255 - 9783319776248 ; , s. 87-114
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The authors develop an advanced hand motion recognition system for virtual reality applications using a well defined stochastic mathematical approach. Hand gesture is a natural way of interaction with a computer by interpreting the primitive characteristics of gesture movement to the system. This concerns three basic issues: (1) there is no physical contact between the user and the system, (2) the rotation of the hand gesture can be determined by the geometric features, and (3) the model parameter must be optimized to improve measurement of performance. A comparative analysis of other classification techniques used in hand gesture recognition is carried out on the proposed work hybrid with the bio-inspired metaheuristic approach, namely the cuckoo search algorithm, for reducing the complex trajectory in the hidden Markov model (HMM) model. An experimental result is as to how to validate the HMM model, based on the cost value of the optimizer, in order to improve the performance measures of the system. © Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature 2018.
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| 5. |
- Yang, Lawrence H., et al.
(författare)
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Migration stigma : an introduction
- 2024
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Ingår i: Migration stigma. - Cambridge, MA : MIT Press. - 9780262548120 - 9780262378833 ; , s. 1-14
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An introduction to the concept of "migration stigma", along with new analytical frameworks to deepen understanding of the experiences of immigrants, their descendants, and native-born residents in immigrant-receiving societies.
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