| 1. |
- Leisawitz, David, et al.
(författare)
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The origins space telescope
- 2019
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Ingår i: Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering. - : SPIE. - 0277-786X .- 1996-756X. ; 11115
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Origins Space Telescope will trace the history of our origins from the time dust and heavy elements permanently altered the cosmic landscape to present-day life. How did galaxies evolve from the earliest galactic systems to those found in the universe today? How do habitable planets form? How common are life-bearing worlds? To answer these alluring questions, Origins will operate at mid-and far-infrared wavelengths and offer powerful spectroscopic instruments and sensitivity three orders of magnitude better than that of Herschel, the largest telescope flown in space to date. After a 3 1/2 year study, the Origins Science and Technology Definition Team will recommend to the Decadal Survey a concept for Origins with a 5.9-m diameter telescope cryocooled to 4.5 K and equipped with three scientific instruments. A mid-infrared instrument (MISC-T) will measure the spectra of transiting exoplanets in the 2.8-20 μm wavelength range and offer unprecedented sensitivity, enabling definitive biosignature detections. The Far-IR Imager Polarimeter (FIP) will be able to survey thousands of square degrees with broadband imaging at 50 and 250 μm. The Origins Survey Spectrometer (OSS) will cover wavelengths from 25-588 μm, make wide-area and deep spectroscopic surveys with spectral resolving power R ∼ 300, and pointed observations at R ∼ 40,000 and 300,000 with selectable instrument modes. Origins was designed to minimize complexity. The telescope has a Spitzer-like architecture and requires very few deployments after launch. The cryo-thermal system design leverages JWST technology and experience. A combination of current-state-of-the-art cryocoolers and next-generation detector technology will enable Origins' natural backgroundlimited sensitivity.
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| 2. |
- Croker, D. M., et al.
(författare)
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Demonstrating the Influence of Solvent Choice and Crystallization Conditions on Phenacetin Crystal Habit and Particle Size Distribution
- 2015
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Ingår i: Organic Process Research & Development. - Washinhton, USA : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1083-6160 .- 1520-586X. ; 19:12, s. 1826-1836
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Phenacetin was used as a model pharmaceutical compound to investigate the impact of solvent choice and crystallization conditions on the crystal habit and size distribution of the final crystallized product. The crystal habit of phenacetin was explored using crash-cooling crystallization (kinetically controlled) and slow evaporative crystallization (thermodynamically controlled) in a wide range of organic solvents. In general, a variety of needle-type shapes (needles, rods, or blades) were recovered from fast-cooling crystallizations, in contrast to hexagonal blocks obtained from slow evaporative crystallizations. The solubility of phenacetin was measured in five solvents from 10-70 degrees C to allow for the design of larger-scale crystallization experiments. Supersaturation and the nucleation temperature were independently controlled in isothermal desupersaturation experiments to investigate the impact of each on crystal habit and size. The crystal size (needle cross-sectional area) decreased with increasing supersaturation because of higher nucleation rates at higher supersaturation, and elongated needles were recovered: Increasing the nucleation temperature resulted in the production of larger crystals with decreased needle aspect ratios. Antisolvent phenacetin crystallizations were developed for three solvent/antisolvent systems using four different antisolvent addition rates to simultaneously probe the crystal habit and size of the final product. In general, increasing the antisolvent addition rate, associated with increased rate of generation of supersaturation, resulted in the production of shorter needle crystals.
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| 3. |
- Dore, A. J., et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation and Inter-comparison of Acid Deposition Models for the UK
- 2013
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Ingår i: NATO Science for Peace and Security Series C: Environmental Security. - Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands. - 1874-6519. ; 137, s. 505-510
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An evaluation has been made of a range of simple and complex atmospheric transport models, applied to estimate sulphur and nitrogen deposition in the UK in order to provide information to policy makers to support decisions on future model use. The models were evaluated by comparison with annually averaged measurements from the national monitoring networks. A number of statistical metrics were output to assess model performance and the models were compared graphically by plotting cross-country transects of concentrations in air.
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| 4. |
- Pink, Demi L., et al.
(författare)
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On the Structure of Solid Lipid Nanoparticles
- 2019
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Ingår i: Small. - : Wiley. - 1613-6810 .- 1613-6829.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) have a crystalline lipid core which is stabilized by interfacial surfactants. SLNs are considered favorable candidates for drug delivery vehicles since their ability to store and release organic molecules can be tailored through the identity of the lipids and surfactants used. When stored, polymorphic transitions in the core of drug-loaded SLNs lead to the premature release of drug molecules. Significant experimental studies have been conducted with the aim of investigating the physicochemical properties of SLNs, however, no molecular scale investigations have been reported on the behaviors that drive SLN formation and their polymorphic transitions. A combination of small angle neutron scattering and all-atom molecular dynamics simulations is therefore used to yield a detailed atomistic description of the internal structure of an SLN comprising triglyceride, tripalmitin, and the nonionic surfactant, Brij O10 (C18:1E10). The molecular scale mechanisms by which the surfactants stabilize the crystalline structure of the SLN lipid core are uncovered. By comparing these results to simulated liquid and solid aggregates of tripalmitin lipids, how the morphology of the lipids vary between these systems is demonstrated providing further insight into the mechanisms that control drug encapsulation and release from SLNs.
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| 5. |
- Datta-Chaudhuri, Timir, et al.
(författare)
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The Fourth Bioelectronic Medicine Summit "Technology Targeting Molecular Mechanisms" : current progress, challenges, and charting the future
- 2021
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Ingår i: Bioelectronic medicine. - : BioMed Central. - 2332-8886. ; 7:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- There is a broad and growing interest in Bioelectronic Medicine, a dynamic field that continues to generate new approaches in disease treatment. The fourth bioelectronic medicine summit "Technology targeting molecular mechanisms" took place on September 23 and 24, 2020. This virtual meeting was hosted by the Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health. The summit called international attention to Bioelectronic Medicine as a platform for new developments in science, technology, and healthcare. The meeting was an arena for exchanging new ideas and seeding potential collaborations involving teams in academia and industry. The summit provided a forum for leaders in the field to discuss current progress, challenges, and future developments in Bioelectronic Medicine. The main topics discussed at the summit are outlined here.
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