| 1. |
- Lee, Inhee, et al.
(författare)
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Estimating older people's labour supply decisions in Korea
- 2020
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Ingår i: Society and Economy. - : Akadémiai Kiadó. - 1588-9726 .- 1588-970X. ; 42:1, s. 39-58
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In 2017, Korea became an ‘aged society,’ with the proportion of people aged 65 or older exceeding 14%, while the ratio of the working-age population declined for the first time. This study uses data from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing (KLOSA) to examine the effects of public pension on the labour supply of older people and discusses ways of preparing for this ageing problem. The study uses the Heckman sample selection model for analysing both the extensive and intensive margins of older people's labour supply. Our results show that the effects of public pensions in Korea are very different from that in other countries. It can be inferred that these differences are a consequence of the less developed social security system and limited experience from its short period of implementation. Hence, encouraging older people to work could be a way of solving the problem of relatively high poverty among the older population in a society that is likely to age even more. This is considered an optimal solution in light of increasing life expectancy, a poor social security system, and a decrease in private income transfers from children to their ageing parents.
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| 2. |
- Maasoumi, Esfandiar, et al.
(författare)
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Green innovations and patenting renewable energy technologies
- 2021
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Ingår i: Empirical Economics. - : Springer. - 0377-7332 .- 1435-8921. ; 60, s. 513-538
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We examine the impact of regulation and policies on green patent generation and evolution of renewable energy technologies in the OECD countries. Public and private investment, investment in education, research and development, and environmental regulation are considered. There is considerable variation in innovation systems and investments in renewable energy, and in outcomes. We assess the impact of environmental stringency and environmental taxes and regulations on renewable energy patents. The considerable heterogeneity requires emphasis on country effects and a separation of general from specific green innovation outcomes. We account for country-specific innovation factors. A balanced panel of 27 OECD countries is examined between 1990 and 2018. A renewable patent model is estimated by different panel data models and estimation methods. We find considerable sensitivity to model assumptions and inference techniques. The study is suggestive, however, of some renewable energy approaches for achievement of OECD environmental goals.
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