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- Törn, C., et al.
(författare)
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Prognostic factors for the course of beta cell function in autoimmune diabetes
- 2000
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. - : The Endocrine Society. - 0021-972X .- 1945-7197. ; 85:12, s. 4619-4623
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study presents a 2-yr follow-up of 281 patients, aged 15-34 yr, diagnosed with diabetes between 1992 and 1993. At diagnosis, 224 (80%) patients were positive for at least one of the following autoantibodies: islet cell antibodies (ICAs), glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies (GADAs), or tyrosine phosphatase antibodies (IA-2As), the remaining 57 (20%) patients were negative for all three autoantibodies. At diagnosis, C-peptide levels were lower (0.27, 0.16-0.40 nmol/L) in autoantibody-positive patients compared with autoantibody-negative patients (0.51, 0.28-0.78 nmol/L, P < 0.001). After 2 yr, C-peptide levels had decreased significantly in patients with autoimmune diabetes (0.20, 0.10-0.37 nmol/L, P = 0.0018), but not in autoantibody-negative patients. In patients with autoimmune diabetes, a low initial level of C-peptide (odds ratio, 2.6, 95% confidence interval, 1.7-4.0) and a high level of GADAs (odds ratio, 2.5, 95% confidence interval, 1.1-5.7) were risk factors for a C-peptide level below the reference level of 0.25 nmol/L 2 yr after diagnosis. Body mass index had a significant effect in the multivariate analysis only when initial C-peptide was not considered. Factors such as age, gender, levels of ICA or IA-2A or insulin autoantibodies (analyzed in a subset of 180 patients) had no effect on the decrease in ▀-cell function. It is concluded that the absence of pancreatic islet autoantibodies at diagnosis were highly predictive for a maintained ▀-cell function during the 2 yr after diagnosis, whereas high levels of GADA indicated a course of decreased ▀-cell function with low levels of C-peptide. In autoimmune diabetes, an initial low level of C-peptide was a strong risk factor for a decrease in ▀-cell function and conversely high C-peptide levels were protective. Other factors such as age, gender, body mass index, levels of ICA, IA-2A or IAA had no prognostic importance.
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