| 1. |
- Li, G., et al.
(författare)
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Driver reliance characteristics on forward collision warning systems in adjacent vehicle cut-in situations
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Automotive Safety and Energy. ; 11:1, s. 36-43
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An evaluation method was investigated to assess driver reliance characteristics on forward collision warning systems based on a driving simulator to improve driving safety in adjacent vehicle cut-in situations. Using alarm timing (time to collision, TTC) as the control variable, driving behavior data from 12 participants were collected in adjacent vehicle cut-in situations. Two objective indexes (brake reliance index and secondary task index) and two subjective indexes (risk level index and trust level index) were proposed to establish the evaluation system model to realize the quantitative evaluation of driver reliance level on the systems. An L9(34) orthogonal experiment was designed and conducted. Regression models of driver reliance indexes were established. The results show that alarm timing is the most significant factor affecting driver reliance. A late alarm (TTC = 2.4 s) degrades the effectiveness of the systems, while an early alarm (TTC = 1.2 s) causes drivers’ over-reliance on the systems. Therefore, appropriately delaying the alarm timing (TTC = 1.8 s) can improve driver reliance for safety considerations.
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| 2. |
- Li, Hui-xiang, et al.
(författare)
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[Expressions of thymidine phosphorylase, thymidylate synthase and dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase in breast cancer and their correlations with prognosis]
- 2004
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Ingår i: Zhonghua zhong liu za zhi [Chinese journal of oncology]. - Beijing, China : Zhongguo Yixue Kexueyuan / Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. - 0253-3766. ; 26:11, s. 669-672
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To study the expression of thymidine phosphorylase (TP), thymidylate synthase (TS) and dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) mRNA in breast cancer and its correlation with prognosis.Methods: Expression levels of TP, TS and DPD mRNA in 86 micro-selected breast cancer tissues and 9 normal breast tissues were detected by real-time quantitative PCR.Results: The median expression levels of TP, TS and DPD mRNA in tumor tissue and in normal tissues were 16.54, 0.38, 2.47 and 11.75, 0.25, 8.33, respectively, there were no significant differences (P >0.05). The expression levels of TP, TS and DPD mRNA showed no association with tumor size, lymph node metastasis, pathological grade and clinical stage, except that of DPD showed a negative association with patients' ages. There was no significant difference in disease-free survival or overall survival between the patients with high and low TP or DPD mRNA levels. Disease-free survival tends to be better in the patients with low TS mRNA level than those with high TS mRNA, but the difference was not significant (P=0.069), while the overall survival showed a statistically difference (59.00 month and 70.30 month) (P=0.0496).Conclusion: The expression level of TS mRNA may serve as a prognostic marker for breast cancer patients.
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| 3. |
- Liang, G-B, et al.
(författare)
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Modified regularization method applied to the inversion of particle size distribution from light scattering data
- 2006
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Ingår i: Guangdian Gongcheng. - 1003-501X. ; 33:12, s. 44-49
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Laser particle size analyzer is one of the instruments for particle size analysis. Recent developments focus on various algorithms for particle size analysis via light energy distribution based on the Mie scattering theory in the laser analyzer. The determination of the particle size distribution (PSD) from the analyzer requires the inversion of the Fredholm integral equation of the first kind. This equation is an ill-posed one, which can be analyzed by effective algorithms. This paper presents a modified regularization method applied to the inversion of the PSD with the independent models. The Generalized Cross-Validation (GCV) method was used for the selection of a regularization parameter. The Successive Over-Relaxation (SOR) iterative method was applied to improve the exactness and stability of the convergent result. The simulation with the models was carried out. The simulated results are in a good agreement with the data measured from nine standard particulate samples as well as their mixtures. It is indicated that this method can be feasible and effective for the simulation of the PSD from the corresponding light scattering data.
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| 4. |
- Nie, Jin, et al.
(författare)
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A comparative study of head dynamic response and fatality risk of pedestrian and bicyclist in vehicle collisions
- 2014
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Ingår i: Hunan Daxue Xuebao/Journal of Hunan University Natural Sciences. - 1674-2974. ; 41:2, s. 64-72
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of this study is to compare the casualty risk of pedestrians and bicyclists in urban traffic through an analysis of real-world accident data in China. For this purpose, 438 cases were selected as samples from the accidents collected by in-depth investigation of vehicle accidents in China. A statistic measurement of the fatality risk with respect to impact speed was carried out by logistic regression analysis. Then, 21 pedestrian and 24 bicyclist accidents were further selected for reconstruction with MADYMO program. A comparative analysis was conducted on the basisi of the results from accident analysis and computer reconstructions for the fatality risk and the head dynamic response of pedestrians and bicyclists. The results have indicated that the vehicle impact speed has a significant relationship with the fatality risk of both pedestrians and bicyclists and bicyclists suffered slightly lower fatality risk compared to pedestrians. Besides, the head impact conditions such as head impact speed and impact angle between pedestrians and bicyclists are also obviously different. These findings can contribute to the setting of a more reasonable speed limit for urban traffic in China and generate strategies for bicyclist and pedestrian head protection.
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| 5. |
- Shi, F., et al.
(författare)
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Synthesis and spectral properties of a new ruthenium(II) tris-bipyridine with four ester groups and substituted phenol
- 2004
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Ingår i: Huaxue xuebao. - 0567-7351. ; 62:7, s. 713-719
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A new ruthenium(II) complex (1) with four ester groups have been designed and synthesized, in which a phenol substituted by {[(2-hydroxy-3-(morpholin-4-ylmethyl)-5-tent-butylbenzyl) (pyridyl-2-methyl) amino]methyl} groups was covalently linked to ruthenium (II) tris-bipyridine. The structure of complex 1 was characterized by electrospray ionization mass spectrometer (ESI-MS) and 1D-NMR, 2D-NMR (gCOSY, HSQC and HMBC) spectra. The electrochemical and spectral properties were also studied. Introduction of the four carboxyl acid groups and the donor ligand tuned the spectra and the redox properties of compound 1. The MLCT transition was turned from 451 to 474 nm and the complex had long lifetime of the (MLCT)-M-3 state emission. Moreover, the oxidation potential of Ru3+/Ru2 + of compound 1 was similar to 360 mV higher than that of [Ru(bpy)(3)](2+) which would enhance the driving-force of electron transfer. These results showed that the compound 1 had proper redox potentials and was suitable for being used as photosensitizer of solar cell.
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| 6. |
- Wang, F., et al.
(författare)
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Finite element analysis of human rib fracture under various impact loading conditions
- 2014
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Ingår i: Lixue Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics. - 0459-1879. ; 46:2, s. 300-307
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study aimed at investigating the mechanism of the human rib fracture under various impact loading conditions based on different failure models. For this purpose, a validated FE thorax model was utilized for analysis of the rib fractures. Based on the human anatomical structures, the human thorax FE model consists of ribs, vertebras, sternum, costal cartilages, internal organs, and soft tissues. Material properties used in this model were based on the published literature. The phenomenon of human rib fractures was simulated in different configurations, including structural experiments of single rib and human thorax frontal crash experiments with a cylinder impactor. Based on different rib fracture failure models in human injury biomechanics, the rib fractures from simulations were analyzed and compared with the impact responses obtained from all of the experiments from the literature. The simulation results with the FE model showed that the applicability of rib fracture failure model would depend on the loading conditions. It was proved that the FE model could be used in research of human rib fracture biomechanics under various impact loading conditions in vehicle traffic accidents.
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| 7. |
- Wang, F., et al.
(författare)
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Finite element analysis of the effect of material properties on human thoracic impact response
- 2016
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Ingår i: Zhendong yu Chongji/Journal of Vibration and Shock. - 1000-3835. ; 35:8, s. 90-96
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of the current study was to analyze the influence of changes of the material of the human thoracic skeleton and soft tissues on the thorax responses under frontal impact loading conditions. A series of human thorax impact simulations were conducted based on a developed and validated human thorax finite element (FE) model. A number of thoracic response parameters were output to investigate the effect of material property changes on the predicted thoracic responses by using polynomial fitting analysis. The results of the simulations indicated that varying thoracic material properties affects the impact responses with different level. The impact force (Fmax) and chest deflection (Dmax) were obviously affected, and the number of rib fractures (NRF) and T12 accelerations (Gmax-T12) were additionally affected by the material properties. However, the influences of the material properties on the deflection rate (Vmax) and T1 acceleration (Gmax-T1) were small. Specifically, the Fmax, Dmax, and Gmax-T12 were mainly influenced by the soft tissue material properties, while the NRF was primarily determined by the thoracic skeletal structure material properties.
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| 8. |
- Wang, F., et al.
(författare)
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Finite element analysis on human thorax responses under quasi-static and dynamic loading
- 2014
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Ingår i: Qiche Gongcheng/Automotive Engineering. - 1000-680X. ; 36:2, s. 189-194+203
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- According to the biological material properties used in predecessors' literature, a FE thorax model is developed based on human anatomical structures. With the model a series of simulations on predecessors' experiments are conducted, including simulations on three-point bending test for ribs performed by Kallieris, the rib structural experiments conducted by Zuoping Li, and Patrick's series experiments of low-speed impact. The results indicate that the thorax FE model can be effectively used for biomechanical researches on human thorax injuries in vehicle collisions.
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| 9. |
- Yang, Y., et al.
(författare)
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A new smoothing algorithm and its application in gravitational lensing
- 2008
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Ingår i: Acta Astronomica Sinica. ; 49:4, s. 359-369
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We develop a new smoothing algorithm for computing surface densities from 3D numerical simulation samples. This algorithm is based on DWT (discrete wavelet transform) method. We test the algorithm by applying it to two gravitational lensing simulation samples which are generated by monte-carlo method and have different mass resolution, the results show our algorithm can successfully reconstruct the surface density of lens. We also compute the critical curves and caustics of lens samples, the results show that they can fit the theoretic curves very well. We test three different wavelet bases and compare them, including Daub4, Daub6 and B-spline 3th. Our algorithm is very fast and is suitable for high resolution N-body simulations.
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