| 1. |
- Yaghootkar, Hanieh, et al.
(författare)
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Genetic Studies of Leptin Concentrations Implicate Leptin in the Regulation of Early Adiposity
- 2020
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Ingår i: Diabetes. - : American Diabetes Association. - 0012-1797 .- 1939-327X. ; 69:12, s. 2806-2818
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Leptin influences food intake by informing the brain about the status of body fat stores. Rare LEP mutations associated with congenital leptin deficiency cause severe early-onset obesity that can be mitigated by administering leptin. However, the role of genetic regulation of leptin in polygenic obesity remains poorly understood. We performed an exome-based analysis in up to 57,232 individuals of diverse ancestries to identify genetic variants that influence adiposity-adjusted leptin concentrations. We identify five novel variants, including four missense variants, in LEP, ZNF800, KLHL31, and ACTL9, and one intergenic variant near KLF14. The missense variant Val94Met (rs17151919) in LEP was common in individuals of African ancestry only, and its association with lower leptin concentrations was specific to this ancestry (P = 2 × 10-16, n = 3,901). Using in vitro analyses, we show that the Met94 allele decreases leptin secretion. We also show that the Met94 allele is associated with higher BMI in young African-ancestry children but not in adults, suggesting that leptin regulates early adiposity.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Zeng, Changfeng, et al.
(författare)
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Synthesis of ZIF-8/PVA microspheres with the assistance of a microfluidic device and their controlled drug release properties
- 2024
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Ingår i: Microporous and Mesoporous Materials. - : Elsevier B.V.. - 1387-1811 .- 1873-3093. ; 376
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ZIF-8/PVA microspheres with an even size were synthesized with the assistance of a simple microfluidic device. The ZIF-8/PVA microdroplets were first generated in a simple co-flow microfluidic device using a PVA aqueous solution dispersed with ZIF-8 nanoparticles as the dispersed phase and fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) as the continuous phase. Subsequently, the ZIF-8/PVA microdroplets were further extracted to form ZIF-8/PVA microspheres. The influence of the type of continuous phase on the sphericity of microspheres was investigated and the effect of ZIF-8 content was studied. Further studies showed that decreasing the extraction rate and using additives of NaCl in the dispersed phase could improve the sphericity of the ZIF-8/PVA microspheres. Finally, the synthesized ZIF-8/PVA microspheres were used to study the loading and release of tetracycline. The results showed that the loading of ZIF-8/PVA microspheres was more than 5 times higher than that of pure PVA microspheres. The drug release time of ZIF-8/PVA microspheres was much longer than that of the PVA microspheres and the release rate was significantly affected by the pH of the environment.
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| 4. |
- Bentham, James, et al.
(författare)
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A century of trends in adult human height
- 2016
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Ingår i: eLIFE. - : eLife Sciences Publications Ltd. - 2050-084X. ; 5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Being taller is associated with enhanced longevity, and higher education and earnings. We reanalysed 1472 population-based studies, with measurement of height on more than 18.6 million participants to estimate mean height for people born between 1896 and 1996 in 200 countries. The largest gain in adult height over the past century has occurred in South Korean women and Iranian men, who became 20.2 cm (95% credible interval 17.5–22.7) and 16.5 cm (13.3– 19.7) taller, respectively. In contrast, there was little change in adult height in some sub-Saharan African countries and in South Asia over the century of analysis. The tallest people over these 100 years are men born in the Netherlands in the last quarter of 20th century, whose average heights surpassed 182.5 cm, and the shortest were women born in Guatemala in 1896 (140.3 cm; 135.8– 144.8). The height differential between the tallest and shortest populations was 19-20 cm a century ago, and has remained the same for women and increased for men a century later despite substantial changes in the ranking of countries.
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| 5. |
- Cheng, Jie, et al.
(författare)
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Guanidimidazole-quanternized and cross-linked alkaline polymer electrolyte membrane for fuel cell application
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Membrane Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 0376-7388 .- 1873-3123. ; 501, s. 100-108
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A modified imidazole, namely guanidimidazole (GIm) was designed and synthesized as a novel quaternizing- and cross-linking agent for alkaline polymer electrolyte membrane fabrication. The resulting membrane was more alkali tolerant and swelling resistant than that quaternized purely by 1-methylimidazole owing to the enhanced resonance and cross-linking ability of GIm, the former confirmed by a LUMO (lowest unoccupied molecular orbital) energy calculation. The membrane also showed good ionic conductivity, mechanical strength and thermal stability. A H2/O2 fuel cell using the synthesized membrane showed a peak power density of 39 mW cm−2 at 50 °C. This work preliminarily demonstrates the beneficial effect of imidazole modification by both experimental and computational investigation; it provides a new cation design strategy that may potentially achieve simultaneous improvement of alkali-stability and swelling resistance of alkaline electrolyte membranes.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Li, Chao, et al.
(författare)
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Federated Hierarchical Trust-based Interaction Scheme for Cross-domain Industrial IoT
- 2023
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Ingår i: IEEE Internet of Things Journal. - : IEEE. - 2327-4662 .- 2372-2541. ; 10:1, s. 447-457
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) is considered to be one of the most promising revolutionary technologies to increase productivity. With the refined development of manufacturing, the entire manufacturing process is split up into several areas of IoT production. Devices from different domains cooperate to perform the same task, which cause security problems in interacted communication among them. Existing authentication methods cause heavy key management overhead or rely on a trusted third party. It is imperative to protect privacy and ensure the credibility of the device during device interaction. This paper proposes a federated hierarchical trust interaction scheme (FHTI) for the cross-domain industrial IoT. It builds a low-privacy network platform through blockchain and protects the data privacy of the IIoT. A hierarchical trust mechanism based on federated detection is designed to realize the unified trust evaluation of cross-domain devices. A trusted cross-domain method based on device trust value is designed to ensure the security and trustworthiness of cross-domain devices. The simulation results show that the FHTI scheme can improve the speed of identity authentication and the detection accuracy of malicious devices.
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| 8. |
- Li, Jianjiang, et al.
(författare)
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Category Preferred Canopy-K-means based Collaborative Filtering algorithm
- 2019
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Ingår i: Future Generation Computer Systems. - : Elsevier. - 0167-739X .- 1872-7115. ; 93, s. 1046-1054
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is the era of information explosion and overload. The recommender systems can help people quickly get the expected information when facing the enormous data flood. Therefore, researchers in both industry and academia are also paying more attention to this area. The Collaborative Filtering Algorithm (CF) is one of the most widely used algorithms in recommender systems. However, it has difficulty in dealing with the problems of sparsity and scalability of data. This paper presents Category Preferred Canopy-K-means based Collaborative Filtering Algorithm (CPCKCF) to solve the challenges of sparsity and scalability of data. In particular, CPCKCF proposes the definition of the User-Item Category Preferred Ratio (UICPR), and use it to compute the UICPR matrix. The results can be applied to cluster the user data and find the nearest users to obtain prediction ratings. Our experimentation results performed using the MovieLens dataset demonstrates that compared with traditional user-based Collaborative Filtering algorithm, the proposed CPCKCF algorithm proposed in this paper improved computational efficiency and recommendation accuracy by 2.81%.
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| 9. |
- Li, Jie, et al.
(författare)
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Preparation of hundred-micron carbon spheres using solvent extraction in a simple microchannel device
- 2022
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Ingår i: Microporous and Mesoporous Materials. - : Elsevier. - 1387-1811 .- 1873-3093. ; 343
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Carbon microspheres with a uniform size of about 170 μm were prepared in a simple co-flow microfluidic device using solvent extraction method. An ethanol solution of colloidal silica and phenol formaldehyde (PF) resol was used as the dispersion phase, and a mixture of hexane and diisopropylamine was used as the continuous phase. The droplets of PF resol resin/silica were generated in the continuous phase. Colloidal silica assisted the formation of the spherical structure and worked as a pore generator. The continuous phase was also used as extractant and catalyst for PF resin/silica microspheres formation. Curing, drying, carbonization and leaching were used for the post-treatment of the PF resin/silica microspheres to obtain porous carbon microspheres. The carbon microspheres displayed a narrow size distribution and a high surface area of 679 m2/g coupled with adjustable mesopores and large mesopore volume. Carbon microspheres prepared from the dispersion phase with different PF/silica ratios (denoted as carbon/silica (C/Si) ratios) were studied and the formation mechanism of the PF/silica microspheres was deeply explored.
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| 10. |
- Li, Jie, et al.
(författare)
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Preparation of Silica@Silica Core–Shell Microspheres Using an Aqueous Two-Phase System in a Novel Microchannel Device
- 2020
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Ingår i: Langmuir. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0743-7463 .- 1520-5827. ; 36:2, s. 576-584
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the present work, a novel microchannel device was developed and used for the preparation of core–shell microspheres combining with a dextran/poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (DEX/PEGDA) aqueous two-phase system. Silica@silica core–shell microspheres were prepared as a model material. Silica@silica core–shell microspheres with different sizes of cores and thicknesses of shells were prepared by using different flowrate ratios of DEX/silica and PEGDA/silica aqueous solutions. The content of colloidal silica and the calcination temperature have a significant effect on the texture properties of the prepared core–shell microspheres. The surface area decreased from 199 to 177 m2/g with an increase in the colloidal silica content from 30 to 60 wt %. For a specific colloidal silica content (50 wt %), with the increase in calcination temperature from room temperature to 650 °C, the total pore volume went through a maximum of 0.7 cm3 g–1 with a surface area of 178 m2 g–1 and pore size of 7.32 nm at 450 °C. Due to the accumulation of metal nanoparticles in DEX, different metal nanoparticles (Ni and Pd) were successfully introduced into the core of the core–shell microspheres for the preparation of silica/metal nanoparticles@silica core–shell microsphere catalysts. The catalysts showed similar catalytic performance as the metal nanoparticles for hydrogenation of 4-nitrophenol with a conversion higher than 95%. However, the core–shell microsphere catalyst is much easier to recover. The reuse experiments indicated that the core–shell catalyst has high stability.
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