| 1. |
- Calling, Susanna, et al.
(författare)
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Impact of neighborhood resources on cardiovascular disease : A nationwide six-year follow-up
- 2016
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Ingår i: BMC Public Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2458. ; 16:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Living in a socially deprived neighborhood is associated with lifestyle risk factors, e.g., smoking, physical inactivity and unhealthy diet, as well as an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, i.e., coronary heart disease and stroke. The aim was to study whether the odds of cardiovascular disease vary with the neighbourhood availability of potentially health-damaging and health-promoting resources. Methods: A nationwide sample of 2 040 826 men and 2 153 426 women aged 35-80 years were followed for six years for first hospitalization of coronary heart disease or stroke. Neighborhood availability of health-damaging resources (i.e., fast-food restaurants and bars/pubs) and health-promoting resources (i.e., health care facilities and physical activity facilities) were determined by use of geographic information systems (GIS). Results: We found small or modestly increased odds ratios (ORs) for both coronary heart disease and stroke, related to the availability of both health-damaging and health-promoting resources. For example, in women, the unadjusted OR (95 % confidence interval) for stroke in relation to availability of fast-food restaurants was 1.18 (1.15-1.21). Similar patterns were observed in men, with an OR = 1.08 (1.05-1.10). However, the associations became weaker or disappeared after adjustment for neighborhood-level deprivation and individual-level age and income. Conclusions: This six year follow-up study shows that neighborhood availability of potentially health-damaging as well as health-promoting resources may make a small contribution to the risk of coronary heart disease and stroke. However, most of these associations were attenuated or disappeared after adjustment for neighborhood-level deprivation and individual-level age and income. Future studies are needed to further examine factors in the causal pathway between neighborhood deprivation and cardiovascular disease.
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| 2. |
- Hamano, Tsuyoshi, et al.
(författare)
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Neighbourhood Environment and Stroke: A Follow-Up Study in Sweden
- 2013
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Ingår i: PLoS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 8:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: In recent years, research on the association between physical environments and cardiovascular disease outcomes has gained momentum with growing attention being paid to Geographic Information Systems (GIS). This nationwide study is the first to examine the effect of neighbourhood physical environments on individual-level stroke, using GIS-based measures of neighbourhood availability of potentially health-damaging (fast food restaurants and pubs/bars) and health-promoting (physical activity and healthcare) resources. Methods: The study population comprised a nationwide sample of 2,115,974 men and 2,193,700 women aged 35-80 years who were followed between 1 December 2005 and 31 December 2007 in Sweden. Totally 42,270 first-ever strokes (both morbidity and mortality) were identified. Multilevel logistic regression models were used to estimate the association between neighbourhood availability of four different resources (fast food restaurants, pubs/bars, physical activity and healthcare) and individual-level stroke. Principal Findings: There were significant associations between neighbourhood availability of the four types of neighbourhood resources and individual-level stroke. The significant odds ratios varied between 1.06 and 1.12 for men and 1.07 and 1.24 for women. After adjustment for age, income, and neighbourhood-level deprivation, the increased odds remained statistically significant for neighbourhood availability of fast food restaurants in both men and women. Conclusions: Specific neighbourhood availability of resources were associated with individual-level stroke but most of these associations were explained by individual-level sociodemographic factors and neighbourhood-level deprivation.
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| 3. |
- Kawakami, Naomi, et al.
(författare)
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Health-promoting and health-damaging neighbourhood resources and coronary heart disease: a follow-up study of 2 165 000 people.
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health. - : BMJ. - 1470-2738 .- 0143-005X. ; 65, s. 866-872
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background It has been hypothesised that the presence of health-damaging factors and lack of health-promoting factors lie in the causal pathway between neighbourhood deprivation and coronary heart disease (CHD). This study is the first to examine the associations between individual-level CHD risk and neighbourhood availability of fast-food restaurants, bars/pubs, physical activity facilities and healthcare resources. Methods Multilevel logistic regression models were used for the follow-up of 1 065 000 men and 1 100 000 women (aged 35-80 years) between 1 December 2005 and 31 December 2007, for individual-level CHD events (both morbidity and mortality). Results The relatively weak associations between neighbourhood availability of potentially health-damaging and health-promoting goods, services and resources, and CHD incidence no longer remained significant after adjustment for neighbourhood-level deprivation and individual-level age and income. Conclusions The presence of potentially health-damaging factors and lack of potentially health-promoting factors do not seem to contribute significantly to the development of CHD. Other features of deprived neighbourhoods appear to play a greater role.
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| 4. |
- Sundquist, Jan, et al.
(författare)
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Neighborhood linking social capital as a predictor of psychiatric medication prescription in the elderly: A Swedish national cohort study.
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Psychiatric Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-1379 .- 0022-3956. ; 55:August, s. 44-51
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Little is known about the association between neighborhood linking social capital and psychiatric medication in the elderly. The present study analyzes whether there is an association between linking social capital (a theoretical concept describing the amount of trust between individuals and societal institutions) and prescription of antipsychotics, anxiolytics, hypnotics/sedatives, antidepressants, or anti-dementia drugs.
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| 5. |
- Sundquist, Kristina, et al.
(författare)
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Linking social capital and mortality in the elderly: A Swedish national cohort study.
- 2014
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Ingår i: Experimental Gerontology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-6815 .- 0531-5565. ; 55:Mar 13, s. 29-36
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Our objective was to examine the association between neighborhood linking social capital (a concept describing the amount of trust between individuals and societal institutions) and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in the elderly.
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