| 1. |
- Li, Xinjun, et al.
(författare)
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Familial association of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder with autoimmune diseases in the population of Sweden
- 2019
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Ingår i: Psychiatric Genetics. - 1473-5873. ; 29:2, s. 37-43
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIMS: In the era of genome-wide association studies, familial risks are used to estimate disease heritability and success in gene identification. We wanted to estimate associations of 42 autoimmune diseases with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) between individuals and family members.PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS: The availability of a Multigeneration Register in Sweden provides reliable access to family data that covers the last century. An open cohort design of the diseases in individual and family members was obtained through linkage to the Hospital Discharge Register. Standardized incidence ratios were calculated as relative risks for ADHD in family members of affected patients compared with those without affected family members.RESULTS: Among a total of 86 493 patients, 18 153 had a family history of autoimmune diseases. ADHD was associated with 14 autoimmune diseases in the first-degree relatives, including ankylosing spondylitis (standardized incidence ratio:1.13), celiac disease (1.16), Crohn's disease (1.07), diabetes mellitus type 1 (1.19), discoid lupus erythematosus (1.26), glomerular nephritis chronic (1.13), Hashimoto/hypothyroidism (1.11), lupoid hepatitis (1.44), multiple sclerosis (1.11), psoriasis (1.18), Reiter's disease (1.38), rheumatoid arthritis (1.07), Sjögren's syndrome (1.21), and ulcerative colitis (1.05).CONCLUSIONS: Familial associations with several autoimmune diseases suggest genetic sharing and challenge to gene identification.
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| 2. |
- Li, Xinjun, et al.
(författare)
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Neighborhood deprivation and childhood autism: A nationwide study from Sweden.
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Psychiatric Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-1379 .- 0022-3956. ; 53:Feb 26, s. 187-192
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To examine whether there is an association between neighborhood deprivation and childhood autism, after accounting for family- and individual-level sociodemographic characteristics.
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| 3. |
- Sjöstedt, Cecilia, et al.
(författare)
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Socio-demographic factors and long-term use of benzodiazepines in patients with depression, anxiety or insomnia
- 2017
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Ingår i: Psychiatry Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0165-1781. ; 249, s. 221-225
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Former studies that have attempted to characterize individual socio-demographic factors associated with long-term benzodiazepine use were based on relatively small sample sizes and/or self-reported data. Our aim was to clarify this using large-scale primary health care data from Sweden. The present study covered 71 primary health care centres containing individual-level data from a total of 919, 941 individuals who visited a primary health care centre (PHCC) during the period 2001–2007. From this database we selected individuals 25 years or older with depression, anxiety and/or insomnia and who were prescribed a benzodiazepine within 0–90 as well as 91–270 days after their first clinical diagnosis of depression, anxiety and/or insomnia. Older age (OR, 2.92, 95% CI, 2.28–3.84), middle SES (OR, 1.22, 95% CI, 1.08–1.38), being on social welfare (OR, 1.40, 95% CI, 1.23–1.62) and not being married were associated with higher long-term benzodiazepine use. The PHCCs only explained a small part of the individual variation in long-term benzodiazepine use. Awareness of the impact on long-term benzodiazepine use of certain individual-level socio-demographic factors is important for health care workers and decision-makers who should aim at targeting general interventions at all primary health care centres.
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| 4. |
- Sundquist, Jan, et al.
(författare)
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Neighborhood linking social capital as a predictor of drug abuse : A Swedish national cohort study
- 2016
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Ingår i: Addictive Behaviors. - : Elsevier BV. - 0306-4603. ; 63, s. 37-44
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims This study examines the association between the incidence of drug abuse (DA) and linking (communal) social capital, a theoretical concept describing the amount of trust between individuals and societal institutions. Methods We present results from an 8-year population-based cohort study that followed all residents in Sweden, aged 15–44, from 2003 through 2010, for a total of 1,700,896 men and 1,642,798 women. Linking social capital was conceptualized as the proportion of people in a geographically defined neighborhood who voted in local government elections. Multilevel logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and between-neighborhood variance. Results We found robust associations between linking social capital and DA in men and women. For men, the OR for DA in the crude model was 2.11 [95% confidence interval (CI) 2.02–2.21] for those living in neighborhoods with the lowest vs. highest level of social capital. After accounting for neighborhood level deprivation, the OR fell to 1.59 (1.51–1-68). The ORs remained significant after accounting for age, family income, marital status, country of birth, education level, and region of residence, and after further accounting for comorbidities and family history of comorbidities and family history of DA. For women, the OR decreased from 2.15 (2.03–2.27) in the crude model to 1.31 (1.22–1.40) in the final model, adjusted for multiple neighborhood-level, individual-level variables, and family history for DA. Conclusions Our study suggests that low linking social capital may have significant independent effects on DA.
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