| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
- Chen, C., et al.
(författare)
-
Associations between general and specific mental health conditions in young adulthood and cardiometabolic complications in middle adulthood : A 40-year longitudinal familial coaggregation study of 672 823 Swedish individuals
- 2023
-
Ingår i: European psychiatry. - : Cambridge University Press. - 0924-9338 .- 1778-3585. ; 66:Suppl. 1, s. S67-S68
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Introduction: Most mental disorders, when examined individually, are associated with an increased risk of cardiometabolic complications. However, these associations might be attributed to a general liability toward psychopathology or confounded by unmeasured familial factors.Objectives: To examine whether the associations between psychiatric diagnoses and increased risk of cardiometabolic complications are attributable to a general liability toward psychopathology, or confounded by unmeasured familial factors.Methods: We conducted a cohort study in Sweden and identified all individuals and their siblings born in Sweden 1955-1962 with follow-up through 2013. After excluding individuals who died or emigrated before 1987, the final sample consisted 672 823 individuals. We extracted ICD-coded diagnoses (recorded 1973-1987) for ten psychiatric conditions and criminal convictions when participants were aged 18-25 years, and ICD-coded diagnoses (recorded 1987-2013) for five cardiometabolic complications (obesity, hypertensive diseases, hyperlipidemia, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular diseases) when the participants were 51-58 years old. Logistic regression models were used to estimate the bivariate associations between psychiatric conditions or criminal convictions and cardiometabolic complications in individuals. A general factor model was used to identify general, internalizing, externalizing, and psychotic factors based on the psychiatric conditions and criminal convictions. We then regressed the cardiometabolic complications on the latent general factor and three uncorrelated specific factors within a structural equation modeling framework in individuals and across sibling pairs.Results: Each psychiatric conditions significantly increased the risk of cardiometabolic complications; however, most of these associations were attributable to the general factor of psychopathology, rather than to specific psychiatric conditions. There were no or only small associations between individuals’ general psychopathology and their siblings’ cardiometabolic complications, suggesting that the associations were not attributable to genetic or environmental confounding factors shared within families. The same pattern was evident for the specific internalizing and psychotic factors.Conclusions: Individuals with mental disorders in early life had an increased long term risk of cardiometabolic complications, which appeared attributable to a general liability toward psychopathology. Sibling analyses suggested that the elevated risk could not beattributed to confounds shared within families. This highlights the importance of transdiagnostic and lifestyle based interventions to reduce the risk of cardiometabolic complications, particularly in patients with several mental disorders.
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
- Chen, C., et al.
(författare)
-
Chronic pain conditions and risk of suicidal behavior : a 10-year longitudinal co-twin control study
- 2023
-
Ingår i: BMC Medicine. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1741-7015. ; 21:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Understanding the relationship between chronic pain conditions and suicidal behavior-suicide attempt, other intentional self-harm, and death by suicide-is imperative for suicide prevention efforts. Although chronic pain conditions are associated with suicidal behaviors, these associations might be attributed to unmeasured confounding or mediated via pain comorbidity.METHODS: We linked a population-based Swedish twin study (N=17,148 twins) with 10 years of longitudinal, nationwide records of suicidal behavior from health and mortality registers through 2016. To investigate whether pain comorbidity versus specific pain conditions were more important for later suicidal behavior, we modeled a general factor of pain and two independent specific pain factors (measuring pain-related somatic symptoms and neck-shoulder pain, respectively) based on 9 self-reported chronic pain conditions. To examine whether the pain-suicidal behavior associations were attributable to familial confounding, we applied a co-twin control model.RESULTS: Individuals scoring one standard deviation above the mean on the general pain factor had a 51% higher risk of experiencing suicidal behavior (odds ratio (OR), 1.51; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.34-1.72). The specific factor of somatic pain was also associated with increased risk for suicidal behavior (OR, 1.80; 95% CI, 1.45-2.22]). However, after adjustment for familial confounding, the associations were greatly attenuated and not statistically significant within monozygotic twin pairs (general pain factor OR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.59-1.33; somatic pain factor OR, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.49-2.11)CONCLUSION: Clinicians might benefit from measuring not only specific types of pain, but also pain comorbidity; however, treating pain might not necessarily reduce future suicidal behavior, as the associations appeared attributable to familial confounding.
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
- Larsson, Henrik, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
-
Genetic and environmental influences on adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms : a large Swedish population-based study of twins
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Psychological Medicine. - : Cambridge University Press. - 0033-2917 .- 1469-8978. ; 43:1, s. 197-207
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) frequently persists into adulthood. Family and twin studies delineate a disorder with strong genetic influences among children and adolescents based on parent- and teacher-reported data but little is known about the genetic and environmental contribution to DSM-IV ADHD symptoms in adulthood. We therefore aimed to investigate the impact of genetic and environmental influences on the inattentive and hyperactive-impulsive symptoms of ADHD in adults.METHOD: Twin methods were applied to self-reported assessments of ADHD symptoms from a large population-based Swedish twin study that included data from 15 198 Swedish male and female twins aged 20 to 46 years.RESULTS: The broad heritability [i.e., A + D, where A is an additive genetic factor and D (dominance) a non-additive genetic factor] was 37% (A = 11%, D = 26%) for inattention and 38% (A = 18%, D = 20%) for hyperactivity-impulsivity. The results also indicate that 52% of the phenotypic correlation between inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity (r = 0.43) was explained by genetic influences whereas the remaining part of the covariance was explained by non-shared environmental influences. These results were replicated across age strata.CONCLUSIONS: Our findings of moderate broad heritability estimates are consistent with previous literature on self-rated ADHD symptoms in older children, adolescents and adults and retrospective reports of self-rated childhood ADHD by adults but differ from studies of younger children with informant ratings. Future research needs to clarify whether our data indicate a true decrease in the heritability of ADHD in adults compared to children, or whether this relates to the use of self-ratings in contrast to informant data.
|
|
| 8. |
|
|
| 9. |
|
|
| 10. |
|
|
