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- Hjorth, Therese, et al.
(författare)
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Changes in dietary carbon footprint over ten years relative to individual characteristics and food intake in the Vasterbotten Intervention Programme
- 2020
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 10:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective was to examine 10-year changes in dietary carbon footprint relative to individual characteristics and food intake in the unique longitudinal Vasterbotten Intervention Programme, Sweden. Here, 14 591 women and 13 347 men had been followed over time. Food intake was assessed via multiple two study visits 1996-2016, using a 64-item food frequency questionnaire. Greenhouse gas emissions (GHGE) related to food intake, expressed as kg carbon dioxide equivalents/1000 kcal and day, were estimated. Participants were classified into GHGE quintiles within sex and 10-year age group strata at both visits. Women and men changing from lowest to highest GHGE quintile exhibited highest body mass index within their quintiles at first visit, and the largest increase in intake of meat, minced meat, chicken, fish and butter and the largest decrease in intake of potatoes, rice and pasta. Women and men changing from highest to lowest GHGE quintile exhibited basically lowest rates of university degree and marriage and highest rates of smoking within their quintiles at first visit. Among these, both sexes reported the largest decrease in intake of meat, minced meat and milk, and the largest increase in intake of snacks and, for women, sweets. More research is needed on how to motivate dietary modifications to reduce climate impact and support public health.
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| 2. |
- Rodhe, P., et al.
(författare)
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Modelling of peripheral fluid accumulation after a crystalloid bolus in female volunteers - a mathematical study
- 2010
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Ingår i: Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine. - : Taylor and Francis. - 1748-670X .- 1748-6718. ; 11:4, s. 341-351
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. To simultaneously model plasma dilution and urinary output in female volunteers. Methods. Ten healthy female non-pregnant volunteers, aged 21-39 years (mean 29), with a bodyweight of 58-67kg (mean 62.5kg) participated. No oral fluid or food was allowed between midnight and completion of the experiment. The protocol included an infusion of acetated Ringer's solution, 25ml/kg over 30min. Blood samples (4ml) were taken every 5min during the first 120min, and thereafter the sampling rate was every 10min until the end of the experiment at 240min. A standard bladder catheter connected to a drip counter to monitor urine excretion continuously was used. The data were analysed by empirical calculations as well as by a mathematical model. Results. Maximum urinary output rate was found to be 19 (13-31) ml/min. The subjects were likely to accumulate three times as much of the infused fluid peripherally as centrally; 1/=2.7 (2.0-5.7). Elimination efficacy, Eeff, was 24 (5-35), and the basal elimination kb was 1.11 (0.28-2.90). The total time delay Ttot of urinary output was estimated as 17 (11-31) min. Conclusion. The experimental results showed a large variability in spite of a homogenous volunteer group. It was possible to compute the infusion amount, plasma dilution and simultaneous urinary output for each consecutive time point and thereby the empirical peripheral fluid accumulation. The variability between individuals may be explained by differences in tissue and hormonal responses to fluid boluses, which needs to be further explored.
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